Prepared by R.R. Donnelley Financial -- Form 10-Q for Period Ending 3/31/2002
 

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 

 
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
 
x
 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2002
 
OR
 
¨
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from __________ to __________
 
Commission File Number: 000-26130
 

 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
    
94-3077394
(State incorporation)
    
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
2350 West El Camino Real,
Mountain View, CA 94040
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 210-7000
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
Yes    x        No    ¨
 
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock as of May 2, 2002 was 90,900,997.
 


 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC
 
INDEX
 
         
Page No.

    
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
    
Item 1
  
Financial Statements:
    
       
3
       
4
       
5
       
6
Item 2
     
10
Item 3
     
20
    
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
    
Item 1
     
22
Items 2–5
     
22
Item 6
     
22
       
22

2


 
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
 
    
March 31,
2002

  
December 31,
2001

    
(unaudited)
ASSETS
             
Current assets:
             
Cash and cash equivalents
  
$
47,097
  
$
63,281
Short-term investments
  
 
88,345
  
 
82,414
Accounts receivable, net
  
 
33,924
  
 
39,581
Deferred tax assets
  
 
63,073
  
 
61,136
Other current assets
  
 
10,727
  
 
12,373
    

  

Total current assets
  
 
243,166
  
 
258,785
Property and equipment, net
  
 
45,436
  
 
42,884
Other assets
  
 
3,093
  
 
2,196
Long-term deferred tax assets
  
 
47,901
  
 
19,754
Intangible assets, net
  
 
30,210
  
 
31,642
    

  

    
$
369,806
  
$
355,261
    

  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
             
Current liabilities:
             
Accounts payable
  
$
6,861
  
$
8,316
Accrued liabilities
  
 
99,141
  
 
41,440
Deferred revenue
  
 
41,905
  
 
41,748
    

  

Total current liabilities
  
 
147,907
  
 
91,054
Deferred revenue—net of current portion
  
 
2,583
  
 
3,798
    

  

Total liabilities
  
 
150,490
  
 
95,302
Stockholders’ equity
  
 
219,316
  
 
259,959
    

  

    
$
369,806
  
$
355,261
    

  

 
See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
    
Three Months Ended March 31,

 
    
2002

    
2001

 
    
(unaudited)
 
Revenue:
                 
License
  
$
28,750
 
  
$
38,483
 
Service and support
  
 
26,881
 
  
 
22,564
 
    


  


Total revenue
  
 
55,631
 
  
 
61,047
 
    


  


Cost of revenue:
                 
License
  
 
1,711
 
  
 
726
 
Service and support
  
 
10,595
 
  
 
12,974
 
    


  


Cost of revenue
  
 
12,306
 
  
 
13,700
 
    


  


Gross profit
  
 
43,325
 
  
 
47,347
 
    


  


Operating expenses:
                 
Sales and marketing
  
 
31,719
 
  
 
30,451
 
Research and development
  
 
14,520
 
  
 
15,248
 
General and administrative
  
 
7,069
 
  
 
7,396
 
Amortization of intangibles
  
 
1,432
 
  
 
9,054
 
Litigation settlement charge
  
 
67,000
 
  
 
—  
 
    


  


Total operating expenses
  
 
121,740
 
  
 
62,149
 
    


  


Loss from operations
  
 
(78,415
)
  
 
(14,802
)
Interest and other income, net
  
 
514
 
  
 
1,128
 
    


  


Loss before benefit from income taxes
  
 
(77,901
)
  
 
(13,674
)
Benefit from income taxes
  
 
(31,160
)
  
 
(3,073
)
    


  


Net loss
  
$
(46,741
)
  
$
(10,601
)
    


  


Net loss per share:
                 
Basic and diluted
  
$
(0.52
)
  
$
(0.12
)
    


  


Weighted average common shares outstanding
  
 
90,312
 
  
 
87,851
 
    


  


 
See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
 
    
Three Months Ended March 31,

 
    
2002

    
2001

 
    
(unaudited)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                 
Net loss
  
$
(46,741
)
  
$
(10,601
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
                 
Deferred taxes (net of effect of acquisitions)
  
 
(30,084
)
  
 
(6,508
)
Depreciation and amortization
  
 
5,225
 
  
 
13,181
 
Provision for (benefit from) doubtful accounts and product returns
  
 
(910
)
  
 
1,149
 
Tax benefit from stock option exercises
  
 
—  
 
  
 
1,559
 
Changes in assets and liabilities:
                 
Accounts receivable
  
 
6,567
 
  
 
4,217
 
Other assets
  
 
749
 
  
 
3,835
 
Accounts payable
  
 
(1,455
)
  
 
4,453
 
Accrued liabilities
  
 
57,701
 
  
 
(3,143
)
Deferred revenue
  
 
(1,058
)
  
 
(1,359
)
    


  


Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  
 
(10,006
)
  
 
6,783
 
    


  


Cash flows from investing activities:
                 
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
  
 
(209,383
)
  
 
(28,475
)
Maturities and sales of available-for-sale securities
  
 
202,877
 
  
 
72,137
 
Acquisition of property and equipment
  
 
(6,345
)
  
 
(4,519
)
    


  


Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
  
 
(12,851
)
  
 
39,143
 
Cash flows from financing activities—
                 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
  
 
6,673
 
  
 
4,963
 
    


  


Net change in cash and cash equivalents
  
 
(16,184
)
  
 
50,889
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  
 
63,281
 
  
 
110,274
 
    


  


Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  
$
47,097
 
  
$
161,163
 
    


  


 
See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5


 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
 
1.    Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Legato Systems, Inc. (the “Company” or “Legato”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company and its subsidiaries. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future interim period or for the year ending December 31, 2002, and the Company makes no representations related thereto. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements and notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2001, included in the Company’s Form 10-K dated March 14, 2002.
 
Certain prior year consolidated financial statement balances have been reclassified to conform to the 2002 presentation.
 
2.    Balance Sheet Components
 
    
March 31, 2002

    
December 31, 2001

 
Accounts receivable:
                 
Trade accounts receivable
  
$
50,460
 
  
$
47,449
 
Allowances for doubtful accounts and product returns
  
 
(6,958
)
  
 
(7,868
)
    


  


    
$

42,288

 

  
$

39,581

 

Property and equipment:
                 
Computer hardware
  
$
47,819
 
  
$
43,801
 
Computer software
  
 
21,381
 
  
 
18,978
 
Office equipment, furniture and fixtures
  
 
16,544
 
  
 
16,193
 
Leasehold improvements
  
 
13,419
 
  
 
13,344
 
    


  


    
 
99,163
 
  
 
92,316
 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
  
 
(53,727
)
  
 
(49,432
)
    


  


    
$
45,436
 
  
$
42,884
 
    


  


Accrued liabilities:
                 
Accrued compensation and benefits
  
$
13,329
 
  
$
19,202
 
Income taxes payable
  
 
5,784
 
  
 
7,354
 
Litigation settlement
  
 
67,000
 
  
 
—  
 
Other accrued liabilities
  
 
13,028
 
  
 
14,884
 
    


  


    
$
99,141
 
  
$
41,440
 
    


  


 
3.    Revenue Recognition
 
Revenue is derived from primarily two sources: (i) license revenue, derived from the sale of software licenses to resellers and end users, including large-scale enterprises, and royalty revenue, derived from initial license fees and

6


 
ongoing royalties from licenses of source code to OEMs; and (ii) service and support revenue, derived from providing software updates, support and education and consulting services to end users.
 
License revenue is generally recognized when a signed contract or other persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the software has been shipped or electronically delivered, the license fee is fixed or determinable and collection of resulting receivables is probable. Estimated product returns are recorded upon recognition of revenue from customers having rights of return, including exchange rights for unsold products and product upgrades. Provisions for estimated warranty costs and anticipated retroactive price adjustments are recorded at the time products are shipped. For sales to domestic distributors, license revenue is recognized upon sale by the distributor to the end-user. License revenue from royalty payments is recognized upon receipt of royalty reports from OEMs related to their product sales. Revenue from subscription license agreements, which include software, rights to future products and maintenance, is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription period.
 
Service and support revenue consists primarily of revenue received for providing software updates, technical support for software products, on-site support, consulting and training. Revenue from updates and support is recognized ratably over the term of the agreements. Revenue allocated to education and consulting services, or derived from the separate sales of these services, is recognized as the related services are provided.
 
When contracts contain multiple obligations (e.g., products, updates, technical support and other services) wherein vendor specific objective evidence exists for all undelivered elements, we account for the delivered elements in accordance with the “residual method” prescribed by Statement of Position 98-9. Any revenue related to updates or technical support in these arrangements is recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance arrangement.
 
4.    Comprehensive Loss
 
Comprehensive loss includes unrealized gains or losses on investments. The impact of which is excluded from net loss and is included in stockholders’ equity. A summary of comprehensive loss is as follows:
 
    
Three Months Ended March 31,

 
    
2002

    
2001

 
Net loss
  
$
(46,741
)
  
$
(10,601
)
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments (net of taxes)
  
 
(575
)
  
 
346
 
    


  


    
$
(47,316
)
  
$
(10,255
)
    


  


 
5.    Computation of Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average shares of common stock and potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares outstanding consist of dilutive shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options to purchase common stock as computed using the treasury stock method. For periods in which Legato incurs a loss, potential common shares outstanding are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their effect is anti-dilutive.
 
Options to purchase approximately 20.1 million shares of common stock at the weighted average price of $12.14 per share were outstanding as of March 31, 2002, but were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
6.    Legal Proceedings
 
In April 2002, we settled the class action and derivative lawsuits filed in 2000 in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California and in San Mateo County Superior Court, respectively. The settlements in the federal and state litigation call for Legato to pay a total of $87.7 million, which includes attorneys’ fees, in May

7


 
2002. Approximately $21 million of the settlement amount will be reimbursed by our corporate insurance. The settlement was recorded as a $67 million charge to the results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2002.
 
Both the securities class action and the derivative action arose from events that caused Legato to restate its results for the first three quarters of 1999. The settlements do not constitute any admission of wrongdoing on the part of Legato or the individual defendants. On May 3, 2002, the Superior Court of California for San Mateo County approved the settlement in the derivative litigation. On May 6, 2002, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California granted preliminary approval to the class action settlement. The parties to the litigation expect final approval of the class action settlement in the summer of 2002.
 
7.    Restructuring Charges
 
During 2001, we incurred $9.4 million in charges as we restructured our development operations to reduce our cost structure and to integrate and reduce selling and marketing activities. In connection with these activities, we reduced our workforce by approximately 215 employees and closed our development facilities in Sunnyvale, California, Eden Prairie, Minnesota, Orem, Utah and New Delhi, India. As of March 31, 2002, accrued restructuring charges related primarily to future lease commitments, which will be paid through 2004, and some severance and benefits, which will be paid in 2002. The following table summarizes the restructuring activity during 2002 (in thousands):
 
    
Severance and Benefits

    
Excess Facilities

    
Total

 
Balance, December 31, 2001
  
$
636
 
  
$
1,221
 
  
$
1,857
 
Cash payments
  
 
(343
)
  
 
(99
)
  
 
(442
)
    


  


  


Balance, March 31, 2002
  
$
293
 
  
$
1,122
 
  
$
1,415
 
    


  


  


 
8.    Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In July 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which addresses financial accounting and reporting for acquired goodwill and other intangible assets and supersedes Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 17, “Intangible Assets.” It addresses how intangible assets that are acquired individually or with a group of other assets, but not those acquired in a business combination, should be accounted for in financial statements upon their acquisition. Among other things, it requires that goodwill and certain other intangible assets no longer be amortized and be tested for impairment at least annually and written down only when impaired. Further, SFAS No. 142 requires us to perform a transitional assessment of whether there is an indication that its goodwill is impaired as of the date of adoption. We will then have a transition period of six months from the date of adoption to determine if the goodwill has been impaired. We expect to complete the impairment test during the second quarter of 2002. Any goodwill impairment loss (measured as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption) will be recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle no later than the end of the fiscal year of adoption. We will also be required to review our other intangible assets for impairment and to reassess the useful lives of such assets and make any necessary adjustments. We have not yet determined what further effect these impairment tests will have on our results from operations and financial position. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, we have ceased to amortize $17.3 million of goodwill as of January 1, 2002. The following table presents the on net loss and net loss per share, basic and diluted, as if the goodwill had not been amortized during the periods presented:
 
    
Three Months Ended March 31,

 
    
2002

    
2001

 
Net loss—as reported
  
$
(46,741
)
  
$
(10,601
)
Adjustment:
                 
Amortization of goodwill
  
 
—  
 
  
 
4,363
 
    


  


Net loss—as adjusted
  
$
(46,741
)
  
$
(6,238
)
    


  


Net loss per share, basic and diluted—as reported
  
$
(0.52
)
  
$
(0.12
)
    


  


Net loss per share, basic and diluted—as adjusted
  
$
(0.52
)
  
$
(0.07
)
    


  


8


In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” SFAS No. 144 supercedes SFAS No. 121, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of.” SFAS No. 144 applies to all long-lived assets, including discontinued operations, and consequently amends APB Opinion No. 30, “Reporting the Results of Operations, Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions.” SFAS No. 144 develops one accounting model for long-lived assets that are to be disposed of by sale. SFAS No. 144 requires that long-lived assets that are to be disposed of by sale be measured at the lower of book value or fair value less cost to sell. Additionally SFAS No. 144 expands the scope of discontinued operations to include all components of an entity with operations that: (a) can be distinguished from the rest of the entity and (b) will be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity in a disposal transaction. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 did not impact our financial statements.
 
In April 2002, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) issued EITF Issue No. 01-14, ‘Income Statement Characterization of Reimbursements Received for “Out-of-Pocket” Expenses Incurred,’ which requires that all out-of-pocket expenses billed to a customer be classified as revenue. EITF Issue No. 01-14 is effective for our fiscal quarter beginning on January 1, 2002, with comparative financial statements for prior periods reclassified to conform to this presentation. We had previously treated reimbursement for “out-of-pocket” expenses as a reduction to cost of revenue. Our adoption of EITF Issue No. 01-14 did not have a material impact on our revenue or any effect on our gross margins, operating margins, net loss and net loss per share.
 
9.    Subsequent Events
 
On May 14, 2002, we completed our acquisition of OTG Software, Inc. for cash and stock at a value of approximately $373 million. OTG, based in Rockville, Maryland, provides data management and collaboration solutions that virtualize storage for any type of data, including files, messages and databases, while providing easy and transparent access. Each share of OTG common stock was exchanged for 0.6876 of a share of Legato common stock and $2.50 per share in cash. We also assumed all outstanding options to purchase OTG common shares.

9


 
ITEM 2.
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
 
The discussion in this report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The statements contained in this Report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements on our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future, including without limitation, our financial outlook, successful introduction of new products and expansion of operation. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date hereof. We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, fluctuations in quarterly operating results, uncertainty in future operating results, competition, the current challenging information technology spending environment, litigation, product concentration, technological changes, reliance on enterprise license transactions, modifications in the application of accounting policies, reliance on indirect sales channels, changes in marketing strategies, dependence on international revenue, management of our growth and expansion, the ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, and other risks discussed in this item under the heading “Risk Factors” and the risks discussed in our other Securities and Exchange Commission filings.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain financial data as a percentage of total revenue:
 
    
Three Months Ended March 31,

 
    
2002

    
2001

 
Revenue:
             
License
  
51.7
%
  
63.0
%
Service and support
  
48.3
 
  
37.0
 
    

  

Total revenue
  
100.0
 
  
100.0
 
    

  

Cost of revenue:
             
License
  
3.1
 
  
1.2
 
Service and support
  
19.0
 
  
21.3
 
    

  

Total cost of revenue
  
22.1
 
  
22.5
 
    

  

Gross profit
  
77.9
 
  
77.5
 
    

  

Operating expenses:
             
Sales and marketing
  
57.0
 
  
49.9
 
Research and development
  
26.1
 
  
25.0
 
General and administrative
  
12.7
 
  
12.1
 
Amortization of intangibles
  
2.6
 
  
14.8
 
Litigation settlement charges
  
120.4
 
  
—  
 
    

  

Total operating expenses
  
218.8
 
  
101.8
 
    

  

Loss from operations
  
(140.9
)
  
(24.3
)
Interest and other income, net
  
0.9
 
  
1.8
 
    

  

Net loss before benefit from income taxes
  
(140.0
)
  
(22.5
)
Benefit from income taxes
  
(56.0
)
  
(5.1
)
    

  

Net loss
  
(84.0
)%
  
(17.4
)%
    

  

 
Overview
 
        Legato Systems, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in September 1988. We develop, market and support software products and services for information management of distributed, open systems environments. Information management includes the protection, recovery and avoidance of failures of data and applications so that business

10


 
users can gain access to the information that they need when they need it. Distributed, open systems are generally understood to include UNIX, Windows NT, Windows 2000 and Linux server computer systems. We offer software products for backup, recovery and archive of data; for managing the performance and operation of application services; and for optimizing the use of storage devices and media including disk and tape. Our customers use our products and services to safeguard and manage their information assets and associated applications so that their businesses can continue to operate, and do so in a more cost-effective manner.
 
On May 14, 2002, we acquired OTG Software, Inc. (“OTG”). OTG provides data management and collaboration solutions that virtualize storage for any type of data, including files, messages and databases, while providing easy and transparent access. Each share of OTG common stock was exchanged for 0.6876 of a share of Legato common stock and $2.50 per share of cash. We also assumed all outstanding options to purchase OTG common shares. This strategic acquisition will result in substantial one-time charges along with ongoing substantial amortization of intangibles to our results of operations beginning in the second quarter of 2002.
 
Results of Operations
 
Revenue
 
Total revenue decreased $5.4 million, or 9%, to $55.6 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $61.0 million for the first quarter of 2001.
 
License revenue.    License revenue decreased $9.8 million, or 25%, to $28.7 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $38.5 million in the first quarter of 2001. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in the number and size of transactions as we experience elongated sales cycles and just in time buying.
 
Service and Support Revenue.    Service and support revenue increased $4.3 million, or 19%, to $26.9 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $22.6 million in the first quarter of 2001. The increase was primarily as a result of growth in the number of registered customers electing to subscribe to support contracts, renewals of software support contracts after the initial one-year term and a decrease in the overall level of discounting of our update and support services.
 
International license revenue decreased $5.7 million, or 30%, to $13.3 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $18.7 million in the first quarter of 2001. International license revenue decreased primarily as a result of delays in closure of significant contracts in Europe and general weakness throughout Asia. The majority of international license revenue came from Europe during these periods.
 
Gross Profit
 
Gross profit decreased $4.0 million, or 8%, to $43.3 million, representing 78% of total revenue, in the first quarter of 2002 as compared to $47.3 million, representing 78% of total revenue, in the first quarter of 2001.
 
Gross profit from license revenue decreased $10.7 million, or 28%, to $27.0 million, representing 94% of license revenue, in the first quarter of 2002 from $37.8 million, representing 98% of license revenue, in the first quarter of 2001. The decrease in absolute dollars, and as a percentage, relates to the overall decrease of license revenue. Gross profit from license revenue consists of license revenue less the related costs of product media, documentation, third-party royalties and packaging.
 
Gross profit from service and support revenue increased $6.7 million, or 70%, to $16.3 million, representing 61% of service and support revenue, in the first quarter of 2002 from $9.6 million, representing 43% of service and support revenue, in the first quarter of 2001. The increase in absolute dollars is primarily a result of the increase in support and update renewals as well as a reduction in the operating costs of our consulting group. Service and support personnel decreased to 304 in 2002 from 310 in 2001. Costs of service and support revenue consist primarily of personnel-related costs incurred in providing telephone support, consulting services, and training to customers, costs of providing software updates and costs of education and consulting materials.

11


 
Operating Expenses
 
Sales and marketing.    Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and commissions for sales and marketing personnel and promotional expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased $1.3 million, or 4%, to $31.7 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $30.5 million in the first quarter of 2001. The increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily attributable to growth of our sales force and associated support personnel. Sales and marketing personnel increased to 508 in 2002 from 493 in 2001. We believe that sales and marketing expenses will decrease as a percentage of revenue.
 
Research and development.    Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs. Research and development expenses decreased $0.7 million, or 5%, to $14.5 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $15.2 million in the first quarter of 2001. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily attributable to decreased staffing and associated costs. The number of research and development personnel decreased to 341 in 2002 from 383 in 2001. We expect research and development expenses to remain relatively constant in absolute dollars.
 
General and administrative.    General and administrative expenses include personnel and other costs of our finance, human resources, facilities, information systems and other administrative departments. General and administrative expenses decreased $0.3 million, or 4%, to $7.1 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $7.4 million in the first quarter of 2002. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to a reduction in outside services and partially offset by increased staffing costs. General and administrative personnel increased to 200 in 2002 from 171 in 2001. We believe that general and administrative expenses may increase slightly in absolute dollars.
 
Amortization of intangibles.    Amortization of intangibles decreased $7.7 million to $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2002 from $9.1 million in the first quarter of 2001. The decrease is a result of a smaller remaining balance after recording the impairment of certain intangibles in the fourth quarter of 2001 and of adopting SFAS No. 142, whereby we stopped amortizing our goodwill balance of $17.3 million in the first quarter of 2002. We are amortizing the remaining identifiable intangibles on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from three to five years from the respective dates of acquisition.
 
In April 2002, we settled the class action and derivative lawsuits filed in 2000 in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California and in San Mateo County Superior Court, respectively. The settlements in the federal and state litigation call for Legato to pay a total of $87.7 million, which includes attorneys’ fees, in May 2002. Approximately $21 million of the settlement amount will be reimbursed by our corporate insurance. The settlement was recorded as a $67 million charge to the results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2002.
 
Interest and other income, net.    Interest and other income, net, primarily represents interest income from funds available for investment. Interest and other income, net, was $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2002 as compared to $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2001. The decrease represents a reduction in our yield on our cash investments and some foreign currency losses recognized in 2002.
 
Benefit from income taxes.    The benefit from income taxes for the first quarter of 2002 was $31.2 million compared to a benefit for income tax of $3.1 million for the first quarter of 2001. The effective tax rate was 40.0% for the first quarter of 2002 and 22.5% for the first quarter of 2001. The increase in the benefit for income taxes primarily relates to the substantial increase in the net operating loss as a result of the litigation settlement charges incurred in the first quarter of 2002, which is tax deductible.
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Our cash, cash equivalents and investments totaled $135.4 million as of March 31, 2002 as compared to $145.7 million as of December 31, 2001. Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with original maturities of ninety days or less. Investments consist mainly of short-term corporate debt securities. As of March 31, 2002, we had no long-term debt and stockholders’ equity was $219.3 million.
 
We have financed our operations to date primarily by cash from operations and sales of common stock. Net cash used by operating activities was $10.0 million in the first quarter of 2002 and consisted primarily of the net loss of $46.7 million and deferred taxes of $30.1 million, partially offset by the net change in assets and liabilities of $62.5 million and depreciation and amortization of $5.2 million. Net cash provided by operating activities was $6.8 million in the first quarter of 2001 and consisted primarily of a net change in assets and liabilities of $8.0 million and

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depreciation and amortization of $13.1 million, partially offset by the net loss of $10.6 million and deferred taxes of $6.5 million.
 
Net cash used by investing activities was $12.9 million in the first quarter of 2002, which resulted primarily from the net purchases of marketable securities of $6.5 million and purchases of property and equipment of $6.3 million. The investments in property and equipment in the first quarter of 2002 were primarily for the completion of our core systems implementation that occurred in January 2002. We do not expect to make investments in property and equipment to this degree for the foreseeable future. Net cash provided by investing activities was $39.1 million in the first quarter of 2001, which resulted primarily from the net maturities of marketable securities of $43.7 million offset by purchases of property and equipment of $4.5 million.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities was $6.7 million in the first quarter of 2002 and $5.0 million in the first quarter of 2001, which resulted from proceeds received through the issuance of our common stock under our employee stock purchase plan and stock option exercises.
 
As of March 31, 2002, the only significant contractual obligations or commercial commitments consisted of our facility lease commitments. (See Note 4 to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details.) We do not have any other off-balance sheet arrangement that could significantly reduce our liquidity. In May 2002, we paid the litigation settlement of $87.7 million, which reduced our liquidity significantly. We expect to receive $21 million for our insurers during the second quarter of 2002.
 
Based on our current operating plan, we believe our current cash and investment balances and cash flow from the sale of stock will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months.
 
RISK FACTORS
 
The following risk factors and other information included in this report on Form 10-Q should be carefully considered. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem less significant also may impair our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and negatively affected.
 
Our quarterly operating results are volatile.
 
Our quarterly operating results have varied in the past and may vary in the future. Our quarterly operating results may vary depending on a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including:
 
 
 
Lengthy sales cycles, particularly with enterprise license transactions;
 
 
 
The dollar value of orders and the timing of when orders are received;
 
 
 
Intense competition;
 
 
 
Macroeconomic uncertainty and weakness;
 
 
 
Market acceptance of our new products, applications and product enhancements of our competitors;
 
 
 
Changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
 
 
 
The current challenging spending environment in our customers’ IT departments;
 
 
 
Our ability to develop, introduce and market new products, applications and product enhancements;
 
 
 
Our ability to control costs;
 
 
 
Quality control of products sold;
 
 
 
Delay in the recognition of revenue from enterprise license and application service provider transactions;
 
 
 
Success in expanding sales and marketing programs;
 
 
 
Technological changes in our customers’ environments;
 
 
 
The mix of sales among our channels;
 
 
 
Market readiness to deploy our products for distributed computing environments;
 
 
 
Changes in our strategy or that of our competitors;

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Customer budget cycles and changes in these budget cycles;
 
 
 
Foreign currency and exchange rates;
 
 
 
Our ability to effectively manage and reduce our tax liabilities;
 
 
 
Our ability to integrate recently acquired businesses;
 
 
 
Acquisition costs or other non-recurring charges in connection with the acquisition of companies, products or technologies;
 
 
 
Loss of our information technology infrastructure for a significant period of time;
 
 
 
Personnel changes; and
 
 
 
General economic factors.
 
Our future operating results are uncertain.
 
Our historical results of operations are not necessarily indicative of our results for any future period. Expectations, forecasts and projections by others or us are by nature forward-looking statements, and it is likely that future results will vary. Forward-looking statements that were reasonable at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false. It is our general policy and practice not to update our forward-looking statements. Some investors in our securities inevitably will experience gains while others will experience losses, depending on the prices at which they purchase and sell securities. Prospective and existing investors are strongly urged to carefully consider the various cautionary statements and risks set forth in this report.
 
We cannot predict our future revenue with any significant degree of certainty for several reasons including:
 
 
 
Our sales cycles vary substantially from customer to customer, in large part because we depend upon large enterprise license transactions with corporate customers. Furthermore, such transactions may include extended payment terms, escalating discounts, acceptance provisions or other terms that would preclude immediate revenue recognition of some or all of the license component;
 
 
 
Revenue in any quarter is substantially dependent on orders booked and shipped in that quarter since we operate with virtually no order backlog;
 
 
 
We do not recognize revenue on sales to domestic distributors until the products are sold through to end-users;
 
 
 
The storage management market is rapidly evolving;
 
 
 
Due to general economic factors that currently affect our end-user customers’ businesses, those customers are being more deliberate in the manner in which they make information technology spending decisions;
 
 
 
OEM license and royalty revenue are difficult to forecast. Our royalty revenue is dependent upon product license sales by OEMs of their products that incorporate our software. Accordingly, this royalty revenue is subject to OEMs’ product cycles and the general health of their businesses; these trends are also difficult for us to predict. Fluctuations in licensing activity from quarter to quarter further impact royalty revenue, because initial license fees generally are non-recurring and generally recognized upon the signing of a license agreement;
 
 
 
The timing of large orders can significantly affect revenue within a quarter;
 
 
 
The timing of recognition of revenue from enterprise license and application service provider transactions can significantly affect revenue within a quarter; and
 
 
 
Our expense levels are relatively fixed and are based, in part, on our expectations of our future revenue. Consequently, if revenue levels fall below our expectations, our net losses will increase because only a small portion of our expenses varies with our revenue.
 
We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance. Our operating results could be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors in some future quarter or quarters. Our failure to meet such expectations would likely cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
 
Our market is highly competitive.
 
We operate in the enterprise storage management market, which is intensely competitive, highly fragmented and characterized by rapidly changing technology and evolving standards. Competitors vary in size and in the scope and

14


 
breadth of the products and services offered. Our major competitors include: Computer Associates; EMC (Epoch); Hewlett Packard; IBM (Tivoli); and Veritas. We expect to encounter new competitors as we enter new markets. In addition, many of our existing competitors are broadening their platform coverage. We also expect increased competition from systems and network management companies, especially those that have historically focused on the mainframe market and are broadening their focus to include the client/server computer market. In addition, since there are relatively low barriers to entry in the software market, we expect additional competition from other established and emerging companies. We also expect that competition will increase as a result of future software industry consolidations. Increased competition could harm us by causing, among other things, price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share.
 
Many of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories and have substantially greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources, as well as greater name recognition and a larger customer base than we have. As a result, certain current and potential competitors can respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. They can also devote greater resources to the development, promotion, sale and support of their products. In addition, current and potential competitors may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties. If so, new competitors or alliances among competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share. In addition, network operating system vendors could introduce new or upgraded operating systems or environments that include functionality offered by our products. If so, our products could be rendered obsolete and unmarketable. For all the foregoing reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully, which would seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We depend on our NetWorker product line.
 
We currently derive, and expect to continue to derive, a substantial majority of our revenue from our NetWorker software products and related services. A decline in the price of, or demand for, NetWorker, or failure to build and sustain broad market acceptance of NetWorker, would seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition. We cannot reasonably predict NetWorker’s remaining life for several reasons, including:
 
 
 
The effect of new products, applications or product enhancements;
 
 
 
Technological changes in the network storage management environment in which NetWorker operates; and
 
 
 
Future competition.
 
We must respond to rapid technological changes with new product offerings.
 
The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, changing customer needs, frequent new software product introductions and evolving industry standards. The introduction of products embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards could render our existing products obsolete and unmarketable. To be successful, we need to develop and introduce new software products on a timely basis that keep pace with technological developments and emerging industry standards and address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers. In addition, we need to integrate into our product lines the technologies of products we acquired through the acquisition of OTG Software completed in May 2002, and to develop the technologies we acquired from Software Clearing House, Inc. in July 2001. We may fail to develop and market new products that respond to technological changes or evolving industry standards, experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, introduction and marketing of these new products or fail to develop new products that adequately meet the requirements of the marketplace or achieve market acceptance. If so, our business, operating results and financial condition would be seriously harmed.
 
We have introduced several new products during 2001, and currently plan to introduce and market several more potential new products in the next twelve months. Some of our competitors currently offer products analogous to certain of these potential new products. Such potential new products are subject to significant technical risks. We may fail to introduce such potential new products on a timely basis or at all. In the past, we have experienced delays in the commencement of commercial shipments of our new products. Such delays caused customer frustrations and delay of, or loss of, revenue. If potential new products are delayed or do not achieve market acceptance, our business, operating results and financial condition would be seriously harmed. In the past, we have also experienced

15


 
delays in purchases of our products by customers anticipating our launch of new products. Our business, operating results and financial condition would be seriously harmed if customers defer material orders in anticipation of new product introductions.
 
Our products may contain undetected errors.
 
Software products as complex as those we offer may contain undetected errors or failures when first introduced or as new versions are released. We have in the past discovered software errors in certain of our new products after their introduction. As a result of those errors, we experienced delays or lost revenue during the period required to correct these shipments, despite testing by us and by our current and potential customers. In addition, customers have in the past brought to our attention “bugs” in our software created by the customers’ unique operating environments. Although we have been able to fix such software bugs in the past, we may not always be able to do so. These types of circumstances may result in the loss of, or delay in, market acceptance of our products or increase the need for additional customer support personnel, which could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
Defects in our products would harm our business.
 
Our products can be used to manage data critical to organizations. As a result, the licensing and support of products we offer may entail the risk of product liability claims. Although we generally include provisions in our license agreements that are intended to limit our liability, a successful product liability claim brought against us could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We rely on enterprise license transactions.
 
We have developed strategies to pursue larger enterprise license transactions with corporate customers. However, we may not continue to successfully market our products through larger enterprise license transactions. Such failure would seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, many of the large organizations that we target as customers have lowered their rate of spending on enterprise software. Our operating results are sensitive to the timing of such orders. Such orders are difficult to manage and predict because:
 
 
 
The sales cycle is typically lengthy, generally lasting three to nine months, and varies substantially from transaction to transaction;
 
 
 
Enterprise license transactions often include multiple elements such as product licenses and service and support;
 
 
 
Recognition of revenue from enterprise license transactions may vary from transaction to transaction;
 
 
 
These transactions typically involve significant technical evaluation and commitment of capital and other resources;
 
 
 
A growing number of our direct-license customers are located outside the United States, where the sales cycle can be lengthier than transactions negotiated within the United States;
 
 
 
Our customers are being more deliberate about information technology spending decisions due to the current state of the overall economy; and
 
 
 
Customers’ internal procedures frequently cause delays in orders. Such internal procedures include approval of large capital expenditures, implementation of new technologies within their networks and testing new technologies that affect key operations.
 
Due to the large size of enterprise transactions, if orders forecasted for a specific transaction for a particular quarter are not realized in that quarter, our operating results for that quarter may be seriously harmed.
 
We rely on indirect sales channels.
 
We rely significantly on our distributors, systems integrators and value-added resellers, or collectively, resellers, for the marketing and distribution of our products. Our agreements with resellers are generally not exclusive and in many cases may be terminated by either party without cause. Many of our resellers carry product lines that are

16


 
competitive with ours. These resellers may not give a high priority to the marketing of our products. Rather, they may give a higher priority to other products, including the products of competitors, or may not continue to carry our products. Events or occurrences of this nature could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, we may not be able to retain any of our current resellers or successfully recruit new resellers. Any such changes in our distribution channels could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
Our strategy is also to increase the proportion of our customers licensed through OEMs. We may fail to achieve this strategy. We are currently investing, and will continue to invest, resources to develop this channel. Such investments could seriously harm our operating margins. We depend on our OEMs’ abilities to develop new products, applications and product enhancements on a timely and cost-effective basis that will meet changing customer needs and respond to emerging industry standards and other technological changes. Our OEMs may not effectively meet these technological challenges. These OEMs are not within our control, may incorporate the technologies of other companies in addition to, or to the exclusion of, our technologies, and are not obligated to purchase products from us. Our OEMs may not continue to carry our products. The inability to recruit, or the loss of, important OEMs could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We are modifying some of our marketing strategies.
 
As noted above, we rely significantly upon resellers as part of our overall marketing strategy. We are currently realigning our approach to work with our strategic alliances and other resellers. The objective of our new approach is to form stronger ties with specific companies with whom we have global alliances. We are also restructuring our reseller networks in order to create greater rewards for distributors and resellers that demonstrate a greater commitment to us, as measured in net sales, technical certification and other factors. As a result of these changes, we may negatively affect the volume of sales through our strategic alliances or our resellers. If a significant number of resellers were to cease doing business with us as a result of these changes, and sales through the remaining resellers failed to compensate for the lost resellers, this strategic change could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We depend on international revenue.
 
Our continued growth and profitability will require further expansion of our international operations. To expand international operations successfully, we must establish additional foreign operations, hire additional personnel and recruit additional international resellers. This will require significant management attention and financial resources and could seriously harm our operating margins. If we fail to further expand our international operations in a timely manner, our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed. In addition, we may fail to maintain or increase international market demand for our products. Most of our international sales are currently denominated in U.S. dollars. An increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products more expensive and, therefore, potentially less competitive in those markets. In some markets, localization of our products and license documents is essential to achieve or increase market penetration. We may incur substantial costs and experience delays in localizing our products and license language. We also may fail to generate significant revenue from localized products.
 
Additional risks inherent in our international business activities generally include:
 
 
 
Significant reliance on our distributors and other resellers who do not offer our products exclusively;
 
 
 
Unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
 
 
 
Tariffs and other trade barriers;
 
 
 
Lack of acceptance of localized products, if any, in foreign countries;
 
 
 
Longer negotiation and accounts receivable payment cycles;
 
 
 
Difficulties in managing international operations;
 
 
 
Potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on the repatriation of earnings;
 
 
 
The burdens of complying with a wide variety of multiple local, country and regional laws; and
 
 
 
The risks related to the current weakness in some regions, including, without limitation, Europe and Asia.

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The occurrence of such factors could seriously harm our international sales and, consequently, our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We depend on growth in the enterprise data storage market.
 
The overwhelming majority of our business is in the enterprise data storage market. The enterprise data storage management market is still a maturing and dynamic market. Our future financial performance will depend in large part on continued growth in the number of organizations adopting company-wide storage and management solutions for their client/server computing environments. The market for enterprise storage management may not continue to grow at historic rates, or at all. If this market fails to grow, or grows more slowly than we currently anticipate, and we are unable to capture market share from our competitors, our business, operating results and financial condition would be seriously harmed.
 
We are affected by general economic and market conditions.
 
Segments of the computer industry have recently experienced significant economic downturns characterized by decreased product demand, product overcapacity, price erosion, work slowdowns and layoffs. These downturns appear to coincide with the widely-reported weakness in the overall economy. Our operations may experience substantial fluctuations from period-to-period as a consequence of such industry trends, general economic conditions affecting the timing of orders from major customers and other factors affecting capital spending. The occurrence of such factors could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition.
 
Our revenue recognition could be impacted by the unauthorized actions of our personnel.
 
The recognition of our revenue depends on, among other things, the terms negotiated in our contracts with our customers. Our personnel may act outside of their authority and negotiate additional terms without our knowledge. In the event that our sales personnel have negotiated terms that do not appear in the contract and of which we are unaware, whether the additional terms are written or verbal, we could be prevented from recognizing revenue in accordance with our plans. Furthermore, depending on when we learn of unauthorized actions and the size of transactions involved, we may have to restate revenue for a previously reported period, which would seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We rely on our sales personnel.
 
In the past, we have experienced significant voluntary resignations in our sales force, including some of our senior level sales employees, and may experience such turnover again. Our future success depends on our continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified sales personnel. Competition for such personnel remains intense, and we may fail to retain our sales personnel or attract, assimilate or retain other highly qualified sales personnel in the future. Any further disruption to our sales force could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
We rely on our key personnel.
 
Our future performance depends on the continued service of our key technical, sales and senior management personnel. Most of our technical, sales or senior management personnel are not bound by employment agreements. The loss of the services of one or more of our officers or other key employees could seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
Our future success also depends on our continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical, sales and managerial personnel. Despite recent weakness in the economy, competition for such highly qualified personnel remains intense, and we may fail to retain our key technical, sales and managerial employees or attract, assimilate or retain other highly qualified technical, sales and managerial personnel in the future.

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If we make unprofitable acquisitions or are unable to successfully integrate any acquisition, our business would suffer.
 
We have in the past, and may in the future, acquire businesses, products or technologies that we believe compliment or expand our existing business. In furtherance of this strategy, we acquired OTG Software, Inc, a data storage software company based in Rockville, Maryland, on May 14, 2002. Also, in July 2001, we acquired Software Clearing House, Inc., a software developer, reseller and consulting organization based in Cincinnati, Ohio. Our ability to achieve favorable results in 2002 and beyond will be dependent in part upon our ability to successfully integrate the people, products and business lines of our acquisitions. In addition, we will need to work with our acquired companies’ customers and business partners to establish new relationships based upon the broader range of products and services available from us. We must accomplish the synergies identified during the acquisition process. Failure to execute on any of these elements of the integration process could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition.
 
We cannot ensure that any acquisitions or acquired businesses, products or technologies associated therewith will generate sufficient revenue to offset the associated costs of the acquisitions or will not result in other adverse effects. Moreover, from time to time, we may enter into negotiations for the acquisition of businesses, products or technologies but be unable or unwilling to consummate the acquisitions under consideration. This could cause significant diversion of managerial attention and out of pocket expenses to us. We could also be exposed to litigation as a result of an acquisition, including claims that we failed to negotiate in good faith, misappropriated confidential information or other claims.
 
Our investment in goodwill and intangibles resulting from our acquisitions could become impaired.
 
As of March 31, 2001, we had goodwill of $17.3 million and acquired intangibles of $12.9 million on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. With our adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” in the first quarter of 2002, goodwill was no longer be amortized. We expect to amortize intangibles of $5.7 million in 2002, $5.7 million in 2003 and $2.9 million in 2004. To the extent we do not generate sufficient cash flows to recover the net amount of the intangibles recorded, the intangibles could be subsequently written-off. In such event, our results of operations in any given period could be negatively impacted, and the market price of our stock could decline.
 
We have recorded losses and may continue to record losses.
 
We have cumulative losses and expect to incur additional losses. For the quarter ended March 31, 2002, we incurred a net loss of $46.7 million and had an accumulated deficit of $229.1 million, including $67.0 million related to the settlement of securities class action and derivative lawsuits. We anticipate that our costs will increase for the immediate future as we integrate OTG Software, Inc. and Legato. If we cannot achieve and sustain operating profitability or positive cash flow from operations, we may not be able to meet our working capital requirements. This would have a material adverse effect on our business financial condition and results of operations.
 
We may be unable to raise additional capital should it become necessary.
 
We have incurred significant operating losses, have had negative operating cash flows since the second quarter of 2001 and are not currently profitable. We believe our financial resources will be adequate to sustain our current operations for at least the next 12 months. If we are unable to generate adequate operating cash flows, we may need to seek additional sources of capital through equity or debt financing. We cannot be certain that we will be able to obtain financing on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available, our business and our ability to develop our technology and products would be harmed.
 
Protection of our intellectual property is limited.
 
Our success depends significantly upon proprietary technology. To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of patents, copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions. We seek to protect our software, documentation and other written materials under patent, trade secret and copyright laws, which afford only limited protection. Despite this limited protection, any issued patent may not provide us with any competitive advantages or may be challenged by third parties or the patents of others may

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seriously impede our ability to do business. We may also develop proprietary products or technologies that cannot be protected by patent law.
 
Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, we are aware that unauthorized parties have attempted to transfer licenses to third parties, copy aspects of our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use and transfer of our products is difficult, and software piracy can be expected to be a persistent problem. In licensing our products, other than in enterprise license transactions, we rely on “shrink wrap” licenses that are not signed by licensees. Such licenses may be unenforceable, in whole or in part, under the laws of certain jurisdictions. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as do the laws of the United States. Our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be adequate. Our competitors may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products or design around patents issued to us or other intellectual property rights of ours.
 
From time to time, we have received claims that we are infringing on third parties’ intellectual property rights. In the future, we may be subject to claims of infringement by third parties with respect to current or future products, trademarks or other proprietary rights. We expect that software product developers will increasingly be subject to infringement claims as the number of products and competitors in our industry segment grows and the functionality of products in different industry segments overlaps. Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements with third parties. If such royalty or licensing agreements are not available on terms acceptable to us, our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed.
 
Our trading price is volatile.
 
The trading of our common stock historically has been highly volatile, and we expect that the price of our common stock will continue to fluctuate significantly in the future. An investment in our common stock is subject to a variety of significant risks, including, but not limited to the following:
 
 
 
Quarterly fluctuations in financial results or results of other software companies;
 
 
 
Changes in our revenue growth rates or our competitors’ growth rates;
 
 
 
Announcements that our revenue or income are below analysts’ expectations;
 
 
 
Changes in analysts’ estimates of our performance or industry performance;
 
 
 
Announcements of new products by our competitors or by us;
 
 
 
Announcements of disappointing financial results from our competitors, strategic allies or major end users;
 
 
 
Developments with respect to our patents, copyrights or proprietary rights or those of our competitors;
 
 
 
Sales of large blocks of our common stock;
 
 
 
Acquisitions or dispositions of our common stock by corporate officers or members of the Board of Directors;
 
 
 
Conditions in the financial markets in general;
 
 
 
Litigation; and
 
 
 
General business conditions and trends in the distributed computing environment and software industry.
 
In addition, the stock market may experience extreme price and volume fluctuations, which may affect the market price for the securities of technology companies without regard to their operating performance or any of the factors listed above. These broad market fluctuations may seriously harm the market price of our common stock.
 
ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Interest Rate Risk.    Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. While we are exposed with respect to interest rate fluctuations in many countries, our interest income is most sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of U.S. interest rates. In this regard, changes in the U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and investments. We invest in high quality credit issuers and, by policy, limit the amount of our credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in our policy, our first priority is

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to reduce the risk of principal loss. Consequently, we seek to preserve our invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in only high quality credit securities that we believe to be low risk and by positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to ensure portfolio liquidity.
 
The table below presents the carrying value and related weighted average interest rates for our investments in marketable securities as of March 31, 2002 (dollars in millions).
 
    
Carrying Value

  
Interest Rate

 
Investments—fixed rate
  
$
87.1
  
4.5
%
Cash equivalents:
             
Fixed rate
  
 
37.4
  
2.3
 
Variable rate
  
 
6.6
  
1.4
 
    

      
    
$
131.1
  
3.7
 
    

      
 
Foreign Currency Risk.    As a global concern, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as business practices evolve and could seriously harm our financial results. Substantially all of our international sales are currently denominated in U.S. dollars. An increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products more expensive and therefore, reduce the demand for our products. Reduced demand for our products could seriously harm our financial results. Currently, we do not hedge against any foreign currencies and as a result, could incur unanticipated gains or losses.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
Information concerning legal proceedings is incorporated herein by reference to Note 6 of the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I of this Form 10-Q.
 
ITEM 2.    CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 4.    SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
 
 
(a)
 
Exhibits: None.
 
 
(b)
 
Reports on Form 8-K: On February 22, 2002, the Registrant filed a Current Report on Form 8-K to report under Item 5 (Other Events) that it entered into an agreement to acquire OTG Software, Inc.
 
SIGNATURES
 
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THE REGISTRANT HAS DULY CAUSED THIS REPORT TO BE SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED.
 
LEGATO SYSTEMS, INC.
By:
 
/s/    ANDY J. BROWN        

   
Andy J. Brown
Executive Vice President, Finance and
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
By:
 
/s/    CORY J. SINDELAR        

   
Cory J. Sindelar
Vice President, Corporate Controller and
Principal Accounting Officer
 
Date: May 15, 2002

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