tenq.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[ X ] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended November 30, 2010
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number: 1-31420
CARMAX, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
VIRGINIA
|
54-1821055
|
(State or other jurisdiction of
|
(I.R.S. Employer
|
incorporation or organization)
|
Identification No.)
|
12800 TUCKAHOE CREEK PARKWAY, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
|
23238
|
(Address of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip Code)
|
(804) 747-0422
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer X
|
Accelerated filer __
|
|
Non-accelerated filer __
|
Smaller reporting
company __
|
|
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class
|
|
Outstanding as of December 31, 2010
|
Common Stock, par value $0.50
|
|
225,553,316
|
|
|
|
A Table of Contents is included on Page 2 and a separate Exhibit Index is included on Page 44.
CARMAX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
No.
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PART I.
|
FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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|
|
|
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Item 1. |
Financial Statements:
|
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|
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Consolidated Statements of Earnings – Three Months and Nine Months Ended November 30, 2010 and 2009
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets – November 30, 2010, and February 28, 2010
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine Months Ended November 30, 2010 and 2009
|
5
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|
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|
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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6
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Item 2.
|
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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26
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|
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Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
40
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|
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Item 4. |
Controls and Procedures
|
40
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PART II.
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OTHER INFORMATION |
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|
|
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Item 1. |
Legal Proceedings
|
41
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|
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Item 1A. |
Risk Factors
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41
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Item 5. |
Other Information
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41
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Item 6. |
Exhibits
|
42
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SIGNATURES
|
43
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EXHIBIT INDEX
|
44
|
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CARMAX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
(Unaudited)
(In thousands except per share data)
|
|
Three Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
(1) |
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
|
2010 |
(1) |
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and operating revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicle sales
|
|
$ |
1,688,469 |
|
|
|
79.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,407,077 |
|
|
|
81.5 |
|
|
$ |
5,410,133 |
|
|
|
80.5 |
|
|
$ |
4,662,968 |
|
|
|
82.7 |
|
New vehicle sales
|
|
|
47,671 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
38,158 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
149,626 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
149,917 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
Wholesale vehicle sales
|
|
|
320,117 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
226,907 |
|
|
|
13.1 |
|
|
|
966,495 |
|
|
|
14.4 |
|
|
|
635,394 |
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
Other sales and revenues
|
|
|
62,872 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
53,835 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
196,667 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
188,669 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
Net sales and operating revenues
|
|
|
2,119,129 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
1,725,977 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
6,722,921 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
5,636,948 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
1,821,219 |
|
|
|
85.9 |
|
|
|
1,483,114 |
|
|
|
85.9 |
|
|
|
5,742,345 |
|
|
|
85.4 |
|
|
|
4,803,299 |
|
|
|
85.2 |
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
297,910 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
242,863 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
980,576 |
|
|
|
14.6 |
|
|
|
833,649 |
|
|
|
14.8 |
|
CarMax Auto Finance income
|
|
|
55,745 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
65,806 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
165,844 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
116,300 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
Selling, general and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expenses
|
|
|
219,707 |
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
192,140 |
|
|
|
11.1 |
|
|
|
671,635 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
616,487 |
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
801 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
674 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
2,286 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
3,088 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
Interest income
|
|
|
198 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
380 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
418 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Earnings before income taxes
|
|
|
133,345 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
115,900 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
|
|
|
472,879 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
330,792 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
|
Income tax provision
|
|
|
50,981 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
41,311 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
181,511 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
124,484 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
Net earnings
|
|
$ |
82,364 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
$ |
74,589 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
$ |
291,368 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
$ |
206,308 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
223,953 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
220,204 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
223,007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
218,980 |
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
228,471 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
223,879 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
226,924 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
221,346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
0.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Reflects the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 effective March 1, 2010.
|
(2)
|
Percents are calculated as a percentage of net sales and operating revenues and may not equal totals due to rounding.
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Page 3 of 44
CARMAX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(In thousands except share data)
|
|
November 30, 2010(1)
|
|
|
February 28, 2010
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
74,391 |
|
|
$ |
18,278 |
|
Restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables
|
|
|
165,785 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
66,045 |
|
|
|
99,434 |
|
Auto loan receivables held for sale
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
30,578 |
|
Retained interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
552,377 |
|
Inventory
|
|
|
1,002,982 |
|
|
|
843,133 |
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
8,266 |
|
|
|
5,595 |
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
20,031 |
|
|
|
7,017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
1,337,500 |
|
|
|
1,556,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto loan receivables, net
|
|
|
4,274,572 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
893,421 |
|
|
|
893,453 |
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
95,100 |
|
|
|
57,234 |
|
Other assets
|
|
|
94,799 |
|
|
|
49,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL ASSETS
|
|
$ |
6,695,392 |
|
|
$ |
2,556,191 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$ |
218,037 |
|
|
$ |
253,267 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
|
|
|
110,436 |
|
|
|
94,557 |
|
Accrued income taxes
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
6,327 |
|
Short-term debt
|
|
|
677 |
|
|
|
883 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
751 |
|
|
|
122,317 |
|
Current portion of non-recourse notes payable
|
|
|
138,829 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
469,254 |
|
|
|
477,351 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt, excluding current portion
|
|
|
28,525 |
|
|
|
27,371 |
|
Non-recourse notes payable, excluding current portion
|
|
|
3,886,871 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Other liabilities
|
|
|
127,257 |
|
|
|
117,887 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES
|
|
|
4,511,907 |
|
|
|
622,609 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingent liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders’ equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.50 par value; 350,000,000 shares authorized; 225,504,353 and 223,065,542 shares issued and outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
as of November 30, 2010, and February 28, 2010, respectively
|
|
|
112,752 |
|
|
|
111,533 |
|
Capital in excess of par value
|
|
|
806,446 |
|
|
|
746,134 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(29,308 |
) |
|
|
(19,546 |
) |
Retained earnings
|
|
|
1,293,595 |
|
|
|
1,095,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
|
2,183,485 |
|
|
|
1,933,582 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
$ |
6,695,392 |
|
|
$ |
2,556,191 |
|
(1)
|
Reflects the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 effective March 1, 2010. Pursuant to these pronouncements, we recognize (a) all transfers of auto loan receivables into term securitizations and (b) transfers of auto loan receivables into our warehouse facilities on or after March 1, 2010, as secured borrowings.
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Page 4 of 44
CARMAX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Operating Activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings
|
|
$ |
291,368 |
|
|
$ |
206,308 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
43,657 |
|
|
|
43,947 |
|
Share-based compensation expense
|
|
|
33,600 |
|
|
|
30,697 |
|
Provision for loan losses
|
|
|
18,450 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Loss on disposition of assets
|
|
|
443 |
|
|
|
359 |
|
Deferred income tax provision
|
|
|
14,352 |
|
|
|
20,312 |
|
Net decrease (increase) in:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
13,014 |
|
|
|
7,562 |
|
Auto loan receivables held for sale, net
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(9,074 |
) |
Retained interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
43,746 |
|
|
|
(173,021 |
) |
Inventory
|
|
|
(159,849 |
) |
|
|
(48,140 |
) |
Other current assets
|
|
|
(15,879 |
) |
|
|
(216 |
) |
Auto loan receivables, net
|
|
|
(249,427 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Other assets
|
|
|
(5,984 |
) |
|
|
1,290 |
|
Net decrease in:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and accrued income taxes
|
|
|
(48,602 |
) |
|
|
(10,969 |
) |
Other liabilities
|
|
|
(1,377 |
) |
|
|
(12,578 |
) |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
|
|
(22,488 |
) |
|
|
56,477 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing Activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures
|
|
|
(38,536 |
) |
|
|
(18,372 |
) |
Proceeds from sales of assets
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
Insurance proceeds related to damaged property
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
447 |
|
Increase in restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables
|
|
|
(3,177 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Increase in restricted cash in reserve accounts
|
|
|
(11,310 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Releases of restricted cash from reserve accounts
|
|
|
11,421 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Sales (purchases) of money market securities, net
|
|
|
4,001 |
|
|
|
(2,196 |
) |
Sales of investments available-for-sale
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
2,200 |
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(37,593 |
) |
|
|
(17,842 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing Activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in short-term debt, net
|
|
|
(206 |
) |
|
|
(688 |
) |
Issuances of long-term debt
|
|
|
243,300 |
|
|
|
441,000 |
|
Payments on long-term debt
|
|
|
(365,451 |
) |
|
|
(630,435 |
) |
Issuances of non-recourse notes payable
|
|
|
2,947,000 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Payments on non-recourse notes payable
|
|
|
(2,747,710 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Equity issuances, net
|
|
|
31,945 |
|
|
|
23,318 |
|
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements
|
|
|
7,316 |
|
|
|
2,785 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
|
116,194 |
|
|
|
(164,020 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
56,113 |
|
|
|
(125,385 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
|
|
18,278 |
|
|
|
140,597 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
|
|
$ |
74,391 |
|
|
$ |
15,212 |
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Page 5 of 44
CARMAX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
CarMax, Inc. (“we”, “our”, “us”, “CarMax” and “the company”), including its wholly owned subsidiaries, is the largest retailer of used vehicles in the United States. We were the first used vehicle retailer to offer a large selection of high quality used vehicles at competitively low, no-haggle prices using a customer-friendly sales process in an attractive, modern sales facility. At select locations we also sell new vehicles under various franchise agreements. We provide customers with a full range of related products and services, including the financing of vehicle purchases through our own finance operation, CarMax Auto Finance (“CAF”), and third-party lenders; the sale of extended service plans, a guaranteed asset protection product and accessories; the appraisal and purchase of vehicles directly from consumers; and vehicle repair service. Vehicles purchased through the appraisal process that do not meet our retail standards are sold to licensed dealers through on-site wholesale auctions.
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates. The accompanying interim unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CarMax and our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Amounts and percentages in tables may not total due to rounding.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2010.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents of $64.4 million as of November 30, 2010, and $0.5 million as of February 28, 2010, consisted of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Restricted Cash from Collections on Auto Loan Receivables. Cash accounts totaling $165.8 million as of November 30, 2010, consisted of collections of principal and interest payments on securitized auto loan receivables that are restricted for payment to the securitization investors pursuant to the applicable securitization agreements.
Securitizations. As of March 1, 2010, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 (formerly Statements of Financial Accounting Standards Nos. 166 and 167, respectively) with prospective application. ASU No. 2009-16 amended FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 860, “Transfers and Servicing,” and ASU No. 2009-17 amended FASB ASC Topic 810, “Consolidation.” ASU No. 2009-16 removed the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity (“QSPE”) from Topic 860 and removed the provision within Topic 810 exempting these entities from consolidation. These pronouncements also clarified the requirements for isolation and the limitations on the portions of financial assets that are eligible for sale accounting treatment.
Effective March 1, 2010, we recognize existing and future transfers of auto loan receivables into term securitizations as secured borrowings, which results in recording the auto loan receivables and the related non-recourse notes payable to the investors on our consolidated balance sheets. All transfers of receivables into our warehouse facilities on or after March 1, 2010, are also accounted for as secured borrowings. As of March 1, 2010, we amended our warehouse facility agreement in effect as of that date. As a result, auto loan receivables previously securitized through that warehouse facility no longer qualify for sale treatment because, under the amendment, CarMax now has effective control over the receivables. The receivables that were funded in the warehouse facility at that date were consolidated, at their fair value, along with the related non-recourse notes payable to the investors.
The table below shows the combined effects of the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 and the March 1, 2010, amendment to our existing warehouse facility agreement on our February 28, 2010, consolidated balance sheets:
(In thousands)
|
|
Increase (Decrease)
|
|
Current Assets:
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables
|
|
$ |
162,608 |
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
(20,375 |
) |
Auto loan receivables held for sale
|
|
|
(30,578 |
) |
Retained interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
(508,631 |
) |
Total Current Assets
|
|
|
(396,976 |
) |
Auto loan receivables, net (1)(2)
|
|
|
4,043,595 |
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
54,850 |
|
Other assets
|
|
|
43,835 |
|
TOTAL ASSETS
|
|
$ |
3,745,304 |
|
Current Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$ |
6,544 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
|
|
|
5,584 |
|
Current portion of non-recourse notes payable (1)
|
|
|
134,798 |
|
Total Current Liabilities
|
|
|
146,926 |
|
Non-recourse notes payable (1)(2)
|
|
|
3,691,612 |
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES
|
|
|
3,838,538 |
|
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
|
(93,234 |
) |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
$ |
3,745,304 |
|
(1)
|
The assets and liabilities of the term securitization trusts are separately presented on the face of the consolidated balance sheets, as required by ASU No. 2009-17.
|
(2)
|
In addition to the accounting change, this line includes the impact from the amendment to our existing warehouse facility agreement resulting in $331.0 million of receivables, along with the related non-recourse notes payable, being consolidated.
|
The adjustments in the above table include the following items:
·
|
Consolidation of the auto loan receivables and the related non-recourse notes payable funded in existing term securitizations.
|
·
|
Consolidation of the auto loan receivables and the related non-recourse notes payable funded in the existing warehouse facility.
|
·
|
Recognition of an allowance for loan losses on the consolidated auto loan receivables.
|
·
|
Consolidation of customer loan payments received but not yet distributed by the term securitization trusts. These payments are included in restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables.
|
·
|
Reclassification of auto loan receivables held for sale to auto loan receivables.
|
·
|
Reclassification of certain balances previously included in retained interest in securitized receivables that relate to existing term securitizations.
|
·
|
Write-off of the remaining interest-only strip receivables related to term securitizations, previously recorded in retained interest in securitized receivables, and the related deferred tax liability. These write-offs were charged against retained earnings.
|
·
|
Recording of a net deferred tax asset, primarily related to the establishment of the allowance for loan losses.
|
Beginning in fiscal 2011, CAF income no longer includes a gain on the sale of loans through securitization transactions, but instead primarily reflects the interest and certain other income associated with the auto loan receivables less the interest expense associated with the non-recourse notes payable issued to fund these receivables, direct CAF expenses and a provision for estimated loan losses. See Notes 3 and 4 for additional information on securitizations.
Auto Loan Receivables. Auto loan receivables, net of an allowance for loan losses, include amounts due from customers primarily related to used retail vehicle sales financed through CAF. The allowance for loan losses represents an estimate of the amount of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the reporting date. The allowance is primarily based
on the credit quality of the underlying receivables, historical trends and forecasted forward loss curves. Management also takes into account recent trends in delinquencies and losses, recovery rates and the economic environment. The provision for loan losses is the periodic cost of maintaining an adequate allowance. See Note 4 for additional information on auto loan receivables.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. We enter into derivative instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the values of which are determined by interest rates. We recognize the derivatives at fair value as either current assets or current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Where applicable, such contracts covered by master netting agreements are reported net. Gross positive fair values are netted with gross negative fair values by counterparty. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether we have elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. We may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain risks, even though hedge accounting may not apply or we do not elect to apply hedge accounting. See Note 5 for additional information on derivative instruments and hedging activities.
Other Assets. Other assets includes amounts classified as restricted cash on deposit in reserve accounts and restricted investments. The restricted cash on deposit in reserve accounts is for the benefit of the securitization investors. In the event that the cash generated by the securitized receivables in a given period was insufficient to pay the interest, principal and other required payments, the balances on deposit in the reserve accounts would be used to pay those amounts. These funds are restricted for the benefit of holders of non-recourse notes payable and are not expected to be available to the company or its creditors. Restricted cash on deposit in reserve accounts was $43.7 million as of November 30, 2010. Prior to March 1, 2010, the amount on deposit in reserve accounts was a component of retained interest in securitized receivables. See Note 4 for additional information on securitizations.
The restricted investments are held to support letters of credit associated with liability insurance programs and were $26.7 million as of November 30, 2010, and $30.7 million as of February 28, 2010.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In January 2010, the FASB issued an additional accounting pronouncement related to fair value measurements (FASB ASC Topic 820), which requires fair value hierarchy disclosures to be further disaggregated by class of assets and liabilities. A class is often a subset of assets or liabilities within a line item on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, significant transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for the transfers will be required to be disclosed. This provision of the pronouncement is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009. Accordingly, we adopted the provision as of March 1, 2010, with no significant transfers other than the effects of adopting ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17. An additional provision, effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010, requires that the reconciliation of Level 3 activity present information about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements on a gross basis instead of as one net number. If applicable, we will include the additional required disclosures for our fiscal year beginning March 1, 2011.
In July 2010, the FASB issued an additional accounting pronouncement related to receivables (FASB ASC Topic 310), which requires additional disclosures about a company’s allowance for credit losses and the credit quality of the company’s financing receivables. For disclosures as of the end of a reporting period, this pronouncement is effective for reporting periods ending after December 15, 2010. We will include additional required disclosures in our annual report for our fiscal year ending February 28, 2011. For disclosures about activity that occurs during a reporting period, this pronouncement is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010. We will include additional required disclosures for our fiscal year beginning March 1, 2011.
In December 2010, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement related to intangibles – goodwill and other (FASB ASC Topic 350), which requires a company to consider whether there are any adverse qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist in performing step 2 of the impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. The provisions for this pronouncement are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010, with no early adoption. We will adopt this pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning March 1, 2011. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement related to business combinations (FASB ASC Topic 805), which requires a company to disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only in comparative financial statements. The disclosure provisions are effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or
after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. If applicable, we will include the required disclosures for our fiscal year beginning March 1, 2011.
3.
|
CarMax Auto Finance Income
|
|
|
Three Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
Managed portfolio income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and fee income
|
|
$ |
106.8 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
$ |
314.1 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Servicing fee income
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
10.6 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
31.4 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
Interest income on retained
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
17.6 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
50.4 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
Total managed portfolio income
|
|
|
106.8 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
28.2 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
316.6 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
81.8 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sales of loans originated and sold (2)
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
17.0 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
54.7 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
Other gains
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
31.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
12.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total gain
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
48.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
67.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
103.4 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Provision for loan losses
|
|
|
8.6 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Payroll and fringe benefit expense
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
15.4 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
Other direct CAF expenses
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
17.8 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
17.7 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
Total expenses
|
|
|
52.9 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
155.1 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
CarMax Auto Finance income
|
|
$ |
55.7 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
$ |
65.8 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
$ |
165.8 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
|
|
$ |
116.3 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
$ |
4,285.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,083.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,204.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,043.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loans originated
|
|
$ |
500.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
467.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,637.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,414.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
Loans originated and sold
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
474.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,410.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Percent columns indicate:
|
(1)
|
Annualized percent of total average managed receivables, principal only, except where noted.
|
(2)
|
Percent of loans originated and sold.
|
CAF provides financing for qualified customers at competitive market rates of interest. We securitize substantially all of the loans originated by CAF as discussed in Note 4. Beginning in fiscal 2011, CAF income no longer includes a gain on the sale of loans through securitization transactions, but instead primarily reflects the interest and certain other income associated with the auto loan receivables less the interest expense associated with the non-recourse notes payable issued to fund these receivables, direct CAF expenses and a provision for estimated loan losses.
Prior to March 1, 2010, the majority of CAF income was typically generated by the spread between the interest rates charged to customers and the related funding cost for loans originated during the period. A gain, recorded at the time of securitization, resulted from recording a receivable approximately equal to the present value of the expected residual cash flows generated by the securitized receivables. The cash flows were calculated taking into account expected prepayments, losses and funding costs. The gain on sales of loans originated and sold included both the gain income recorded at the time of securitization and the effect of any subsequent changes in valuation assumptions or funding costs that were incurred in the same fiscal period that the loans were originated. Other gains or losses included the effects of changes in valuation assumptions or funding costs related to loans originated and sold during previous fiscal periods, the effects of new term securitizations and changes in the valuation of retained subordinated bonds, as applicable.
CAF income or loss does not include any allocation of indirect costs or income. We present this information on a direct basis to avoid making arbitrary decisions regarding the indirect benefits or costs that could be attributed to CAF. Examples of indirect costs not included are retail store expenses and corporate expenses such as human resources, administrative services, marketing, information systems, accounting, legal, treasury and executive payroll.
We maintain a revolving securitization program comprised of two separate warehouse facilities (“warehouse facilities”) that we use to fund auto loan receivables originated by CAF until they are funded through a term securitization or alternative funding arrangement. We sell the auto loan receivables to a wholly owned, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entity that transfers an undivided percentage ownership interest in the receivables, but not the receivables themselves, to entities formed by third-party investors (“bank conduits”). The bank conduits issue asset-backed commercial paper supported by the transferred receivables, and the proceeds from the sale of the commercial paper are used to finance the securitized receivables.
The bank conduits may be considered variable interest entities, but are not consolidated because our interest does not constitute a variable interest in the entities. We hold a variable interest in specified assets transferred to the entities rather than interests in the entities themselves.
We typically use term securitizations to refinance the auto loan receivables previously securitized through the warehouse facilities. The purpose of term securitizations is to provide long-term funding for these receivables. In these transactions, a pool of auto loan receivables is sold to a bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entity that, in turn, transfers the receivables to a special purpose securitization trust. The securitization trust issues asset-backed securities, secured or otherwise supported by the transferred receivables, and the proceeds from the sale of the asset-backed securities are used to finance the securitized receivables. Refinancing receivables in a term securitization could have a significant impact on our results of operations depending on the transaction structure and market conditions.
The warehouse facilities and the term securitizations are governed by various legal documents that limit and specify the activities of the special purpose entities and term securitization trusts (collectively, “securitization vehicles”) used to facilitate the securitizations. The securitization vehicles are generally allowed to acquire the receivables being sold to them, issue asset-backed securities to investors to fund the acquisition of the receivables and enter into derivatives or other yield maintenance contracts to hedge or mitigate certain risks related to the pool of receivables or asset-backed securities. Additionally, the securitization vehicles are required to service the receivables they hold and the securities they have issued. These servicing functions are performed by CarMax, as appointed within the underlying legal documents. Servicing functions include, but are not limited to, collecting payments from borrowers, monitoring delinquencies, liquidating assets, investing funds until distribution, remitting payments to the trustee who in turn remits payments to the investors, and accounting for and reporting information to investors.
The securitized receivables can only be used as collateral to settle obligations of the securitization vehicles. The securitization vehicles and investors have no recourse to our assets beyond the securitized receivables, the amounts on deposit in reserve accounts and the restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables. We have not provided financial or other support to the securitization vehicles or investors that was not previously contractually required. There are no additional arrangements, guarantees or other commitments that could require us to provide financial support to the securitization vehicles.
Effective March 1, 2010, all transfers of auto loan receivables related to the warehouse facilities are accounted for as secured borrowings. These transfers represent only a portion of the auto loan receivables and this portion does not meet the definition of a participating interest because our interest in the transferred receivables is subordinate to the interest of the investors in the bank conduits.
As of March 1, 2010, we amended our warehouse facility agreement in effect as of that date. As a result, auto loan receivables previously securitized through that warehouse facility no longer qualify for sale treatment because, under the amendment, CarMax now has effective control over the receivables. The receivables that were funded in the warehouse facility at that date were consolidated, at their fair value, along with the related non-recourse notes payable to the investors.
With the removal of the QSPE consolidation exemption from Topic 810, effective March 1, 2010, we are required to evaluate the term securitization trusts for consolidation. In our capacity as servicer, we have the power to direct the activities of the trusts that most significantly impact the economic performance of the receivables. In addition, we have the obligation to absorb losses (subject to limitations) and the rights to receive any returns of the trusts, which could be significant. Accordingly, we are the primary beneficiary of the trusts and are required to consolidate them, effective March 1, 2010. The auto loan receivables securitized through the term securitization trusts were consolidated at their unpaid principal balances as of that date, net of an allowance for loan losses, along with the related non-recourse notes payable to the investors.
See Note 2 for a summary of the combined effects of the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 and the March 1, 2010, amendment to our existing warehouse facility agreement.
AUTO LOAN RECEIVABLES, NET
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Warehouse facilities (1)
|
|
$ |
542.0 |
|
|
$ |
416.0 |
|
|
$ |
331.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,215.0 |
|
Term securitizations (1)
|
|
|
3,599.9 |
|
|
|
3,528.6 |
|
|
|
3,615.6 |
|
|
|
2,616.9 |
|
Loans held for investment
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
134.0 |
|
|
|
135.5 |
|
|
|
145.1 |
|
Loans held for sale
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
18.8 |
|
|
|
30.6 |
|
|
|
9.7 |
|
Other receivables (2)
|
|
|
146.2 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Total ending managed receivables
|
|
|
4,288.1 |
|
|
$ |
4,097.4 |
|
|
$ |
4,112.7 |
|
|
$ |
3,986.7 |
|
Accrued interest and fees
|
|
|
23.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
5.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less allowance for loan losses
|
|
|
(42.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto loan receivables, net
|
|
$ |
4,274.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Amounts were off-balance sheet prior to March 1, 2010.
|
(2)
|
Other receivables includes required excess receivables and receivables not funded through the warehouse facilities.
|
Retained Interest. Prior to March 1, 2010, all transfers of auto loan receivables were accounted for as sales. When the receivables were securitized, we recognized a gain on the sale and retained an interest in the receivables that were securitized. The retained interest included the present value of the expected residual cash flows generated by the securitized receivables, or “interest-only strip receivables,” various reserve accounts, required excess receivables and retained subordinated bonds. As of November 30, 2010, there was no retained interest, as all transfers of auto loan receivables were accounted for as secured borrowings.
As part of the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17, as of March 1, 2010, any retained interest related to term securitizations was either eliminated or reclassified, generally to auto loan receivables, accrued interest receivable or restricted cash. On March 1, 2010, we also amended our existing warehouse facility agreement. However, this did not result in the elimination or reclassification of the retained interest related to the receivables that were funded in the warehouse facility as of that date. In May 2010, we repurchased the remaining portion of those receivables and resecuritized them through our second warehouse facility established in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. As a result, the retained interest related to these receivables was either eliminated or reclassified. See Note 9 for additional information on our warehouse facilities.
Financial Covenants and Performance Triggers. The securitization agreements related to the warehouse facilities include various financial covenants and performance triggers. The financial covenants include a maximum total liabilities to tangible net worth ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. Performance triggers require that the pools of securitized receivables in the warehouse facilities achieve specified thresholds related to loss and delinquency rates. If these financial covenants and/or thresholds are not met, we could be unable to continue to securitize receivables through the warehouse facilities. In addition, the warehouse facility investors would charge us a higher rate of interest and could have us replaced as servicer. Further, we could be required to deposit collections on the securitized receivables with the warehouse facility agents on a daily basis and deliver executed lockbox agreements to the warehouse facility agents. As of November 30, 2010, we were in compliance with the financial covenants and the securitized receivables were in compliance with the performance triggers.
Fiscal 2010 Securitization Information
Except as noted, the following disclosures apply to our securitization activities prior to March 1, 2010, when transfers of auto loan receivables were accounted for as sales.
The fair value of the retained interest was $552.4 million as of February 28, 2010, and the receivables underlying the retained interest had a weighted average life of 1.5 years as of that date. The weighted average life in periods (for example, months or years) of prepayable assets was calculated by multiplying the principal collections expected in each future period by the number of periods until that future period, summing those products and dividing the sum by the initial principal balance.
Interest-Only Strip Receivables. Interest-only strip receivables represented the present value of residual cash flows we expected to receive over the life of the securitized receivables. The value of these receivables was determined by estimating the future cash flows using our assumptions of key factors, such as finance charge income, loss rates, prepayment rates, funding costs and discount rates appropriate for the type of asset and risk. The value of interest-only strip receivables could have been affected by external factors, such as changes in the behavior patterns of customers, changes in the strength of the economy and developments in the interest rate and credit markets; therefore, actual performance could have differed from these assumptions. We evaluated the performance of the receivables relative to these assumptions on a regular basis. Any financial impact resulting from a change in performance was recognized in earnings in the period in which it occurred. Effective March 1, 2010, interest-only strip receivables are no longer reported on the consolidated balance sheets.
Reserve Accounts. We are required to fund various reserve accounts established for the benefit of the securitization investors. In the event that the cash generated by the securitized receivables in a given period was insufficient to pay the interest, principal and other required payments, the balances on deposit in the reserve accounts would be used to pay those amounts. In general, each of our term securitizations requires that an amount equal to a specified percentage of the original balance of the securitized receivables be deposited in a reserve account on the closing date. An amount equal to a specified percentage of funded receivables is also required for our warehouse facilities. Any excess cash generated by the receivables must be used to fund the reserve account to the extent necessary to maintain the required amount. If the amount on deposit in the reserve account exceeds the required amount, the excess is released to us. In the term securitizations, the amount required to be on deposit in the reserve account must equal or exceed a specified floor amount. The reserve account remains funded until the investors are paid in full, at which time the remaining balance is released to us. As of February 28, 2010, the amount on deposit in reserve accounts was $47.4 million. Effective March 1, 2010, the amount on deposit in reserve accounts is reported as restricted cash within other assets on our consolidated balance sheets.
Required Excess Receivables. The total value of the securitized receivables must exceed the principal amount owed to the investors by a specified amount. The required excess receivables balance represents this specified amount. Any cash flows generated by the required excess receivables are used, if needed, to make payments to the investors. Any remaining cash flows from the required excess receivables are released to us. As of February 28, 2010, the unpaid principal balance related to the required excess receivables was $129.5 million. Effective March 1, 2010, required excess receivables are included in auto loan receivables on our consolidated balance sheets.
Retained Subordinated Bonds. Between January 2008 and April 2009, we retained some or all of the subordinated bonds associated with our term securitizations. We received periodic interest payments on certain bonds. The bonds were carried at fair value and changes in fair value were included in earnings as a component of CAF income. We based our valuation on observable market prices of the same or similar instruments when available; however, observable market prices were not consistently available for these assets. Therefore, our valuations were primarily based on an average of three non-binding, market spread quotes from third-party investment banks. By applying these average spreads to the bond benchmarks, as determined through the use of a widely accepted third-party bond pricing model, we measured a fair value. As of February 28, 2010, the fair value of retained subordinated bonds was $248.8 million. Effective March 1, 2010, the retained subordinated bonds are eliminated as a part of the consolidation of the term securitization trusts.
Continuing Involvement with Securitized Receivables. We continue to manage the auto loan receivables that we securitize. We receive servicing fees of approximately 1% of the outstanding principal balance of the securitized receivables. We believe that the servicing fees specified in the securitization agreements adequately compensate us for servicing the securitized receivables. No servicing asset or liability has been recorded.
PAST DUE ACCOUNT INFORMATION
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Ending managed receivables
|
|
$ |
4,097.4 |
|
|
$ |
4,112.7 |
|
|
$ |
3,986.7 |
|
Accounts 31+ days past due
|
|
$ |
166.5 |
|
|
$ |
133.2 |
|
|
$ |
118.1 |
|
Past due accounts as a percentage of ending managed receivables
|
|
|
4.06 |
% |
|
|
3.24 |
% |
|
|
2.96 |
% |
CREDIT LOSS INFORMATION
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
November 30, 2009
|
|
|
November 30, 2009
|
|
Net credit losses on managed receivables
|
|
$ |
20.4 |
|
|
$ |
51.8 |
|
Total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
$ |
4,083.6 |
|
|
$ |
4,043.2 |
|
Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
|
2.00 |
% |
|
|
1.71 |
% |
Average recovery rate
|
|
|
50.2 |
% |
|
|
49.4 |
% |
SELECTED CASH FLOWS FROM SECURITIZED RECEIVABLES
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from new securitizations
|
|
$ |
432.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,262.0 |
|
Proceeds from collections
|
|
$ |
195.9 |
|
|
$ |
596.1 |
|
Servicing fees received
|
|
$ |
10.5 |
|
|
$ |
31.2 |
|
Other cash flows received from the retained interest:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-only strip and excess receivables
|
|
$ |
32.5 |
|
|
$ |
99.4 |
|
Reserve account releases
|
|
$ |
4.3 |
|
|
$ |
16.6 |
|
Interest on retained subordinated bonds
|
|
$ |
2.4 |
|
|
$ |
7.2 |
|
Proceeds from New Securitizations. Proceeds from new securitizations included proceeds from receivables that were newly securitized in or refinanced through the warehouse facility during the indicated period. Balances previously outstanding in term securitizations that were refinanced through the warehouse facility totaled $76.0 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. Proceeds received when we refinance receivables from the warehouse facility are excluded from this table as they are not considered new securitizations.
Proceeds from Collections. Proceeds from collections represented principal amounts collected on receivables securitized through the warehouse facility that were used to fund new originations.
Servicing Fees Received. Servicing fees received represented cash fees paid to us to service the securitized receivables.
Other Cash Flows Received from the Retained Interest. Other cash flows received from the retained interest represented cash that we received from the securitized receivables other than servicing fees. It included cash collected on interest-only strip and excess receivables, amounts released to us from reserve accounts and interest on retained subordinated bonds.
5.
|
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
|
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives. We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions, particularly with regard to future issuances of fixed-rate debt and existing and future issuances of floating-rate debt. Primary exposures include LIBOR and other rates used as benchmarks in our term securitizations. We enter into derivative instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Our derivative instruments are used to manage differences in the amount of our known or expected cash receipts and our known or expected cash payments principally related to the funding of our auto loan receivables.
We do not anticipate significant market risk from derivatives as they are predominantly used to match funding costs to the use of the funding. However, disruptions in the credit markets could impact the effectiveness of our hedging strategies. Credit risk is the exposure to nonperformance of another party to an agreement. We mitigate credit risk by dealing with highly rated bank counterparties.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk. Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense, to manage our exposure to interest rate movements and to better match funding costs to the interest received on the fixed-rate receivables being securitized. To accomplish these objectives, we primarily use interest rate swaps. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for our making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted interest payments in anticipation of permanent funding in the term securitization market. Prior to March 1, 2010, no derivative instruments were designated as cash flow hedges.
For derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value is initially recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) and is subsequently reclassified into CAF income in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in CAF income.
Amounts reported in AOCL related to derivatives will be reclassified to CAF income as interest expense is incurred on our future issuances of fixed-rate debt. During the next twelve months, we estimate that an additional $6.3 million will be reclassified as a decrease to CAF income.
During the nine months ending November 30, 2010, we entered into the following interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk:
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2010
|
Product
|
Number of Instruments
|
Initial Term
|
Initial Notional
Amount
(in thousands)
|
Interest rate swaps
|
12
|
46 months
|
$1,527,000
|
As of November 30, 2010, we had the following outstanding derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges:
As of November 30, 2010
|
Product
|
Number of Instruments
|
RemainingTerm
|
Current Notional
Amount
(in thousands)
|
Interest rate swaps
|
4
|
46 months
|
|
Non-designated Hedges. Derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges, including interest rate swaps and interest rate caps, are not speculative and are used to better match funding costs to the interest on fixed-rate receivables being securitized, to minimize the funding costs related to certain term securitization trusts and to limit risk for investors in the warehouse facilities. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as accounting hedges are recorded directly in CAF income. Prior to March 1, 2010, substantially all of the changes in the fair value of derivatives were offset by the changes in fair value of our retained interest in the related securitized receivables, which were also recorded in CAF income. See Note 4 for additional information on retained interest.
The term securitization trusts have entered into derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps, to mitigate their interest rate risk on a related financial instrument or to lock the interest rate on a portion of its asset-backed variable debt. Effective March 1, 2010, the derivative instruments of the term securitization trusts were consolidated on our consolidated balance sheets as part of the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17.
During the nine months ending November 30, 2010, we entered into the following interest rate derivatives that were not designated as accounting hedges:
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2010
|
Product
|
Number of Instruments
|
Initial Term
|
Initial Notional
Amount
(in thousands)
|
Interest rate caps (1)
|
4
|
47 to 53 months
|
$―
|
(1)
|
Includes two asset derivatives and two liability derivatives with offsetting initial notional amounts of $31.6 million.
|
As of November 30, 2010, we had the following outstanding derivatives that were not designated as accounting hedges:
As of November 30, 2010
|
Product
|
Number of Instruments
|
Remaining Term
|
Current Notional
Amount
(in thousands)
|
Interest rate swaps
|
6
|
22 to 33 months
|
$158,708
|
Interest rate caps (1)
|
10
|
33 to 51 months
|
$―
|
(1)
|
Includes five asset derivatives and five liability derivatives with offsetting notional amounts of $1.0 billion.
|
Fair Values of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The tables below present the fair value of our derivative instruments as well as their classification on the consolidated balance sheets. Additional information on fair value measurements is included in Note 6.
DERIVATIVES DESIGNATED AS ACCOUNTING HEDGES
|
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In thousands)
|
Location
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Asset derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$ |
603 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
Liability derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
(274 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
329 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
DERIVATIVES NOT DESIGNATED AS ACCOUNTING HEDGES
|
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In thousands)
|
Location
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Asset derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Retained interest in securitized receivables
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
138 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
1,267 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1,279 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
52 |
|
Interest rate caps
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
700 |
|
|
|
3,184 |
|
|
|
1,999 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Liability derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swaps
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
(3,595 |
) |
|
|
(8,477 |
) |
|
|
(7,171 |
) |
|
|
(30,590 |
) |
Interest rate caps
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
(700 |
) |
|
|
(3,171 |
) |
|
|
(1,982 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
(2,328 |
) |
|
$ |
(8,326 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,875 |
) |
|
$ |
(30,505 |
) |
Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The tables below present the effect of the company’s derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of earnings for the three-month and nine-month periods ended November 30, 2010 and 2009.
DERIVATIVES DESIGNATED AS ACCOUNTING HEDGES
|
|
Three Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
Loss Recognized in AOCL (1)
|
|
|
Loss Reclassified from AOCL into CAF Income (1)
|
|
|
Loss Recognized
in CAF Income (2)
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
Interest rate swaps
|
|
$ |
2,571 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
750 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
Loss Recognized in AOCL (1)
|
|
|
Loss Reclassified from AOCL into CAF Income (1)
|
|
|
Loss Recognized
in CAF Income (2)
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
Interest rate swaps
|
|
$ |
11,059 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
1,049 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
4 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
(1)
|
Represents the effective portion.
|
(2)
|
Represents the ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing.
|
DERIVATIVES NOT DESIGNATED AS ACCOUNTING HEDGES
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In thousands)
|
Location
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps (1)
|
CAF Income
|
|
$ |
1,621 |
|
|
$ |
(4,404 |
) |
|
$ |
2,941 |
|
|
$ |
(9,197 |
) |
Net periodic settlements and accrued interest
|
CAF Income
|
|
|
(1,658 |
) |
|
|
(4,148 |
) |
|
|
(7,120 |
) |
|
|
(16,372 |
) |
Total
|
|
|
$ |
(37 |
) |
|
$ |
(8,552 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,179 |
) |
|
$ |
(25,569 |
) |
(1)
|
Prior to March 1, 2010, substantially all of the changes in the fair value of derivatives were offset by changes in fair value of our retained interest in the related securitized receivables, which were also recorded in CAF Income.
|
6.
|
Fair Value Measurements
|
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market or, if none exists, the most advantageous market, for the specific asset or liability at the measurement date (referred to as the “exit price”). The fair value should be based on assumptions that market participants would use, including a consideration of nonperformance risk.
We assess the inputs used to measure fair value using the three-tier hierarchy. The hierarchy indicates the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market.
|
Level 1
|
Inputs include unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we can access at the measurement date.
|
|
Level 2
|
Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets in active markets, quoted prices from identical or similar assets in inactive markets and observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves.
|
|
Level 3
|
Inputs that are significant to the measurement that are not observable in the market and include management's judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk).
|
Our fair value processes include controls that are designed to ensure that fair values are appropriate. Such controls include model validation, review of key model inputs, analysis of period-over-period fluctuations and reviews by senior management.
Valuation Methodologies
Money market securities. Money market securities are cash equivalents, which are included in either cash and cash equivalents or other assets, and consist of highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less. We use quoted market prices for identical assets to measure fair value. Therefore, all money market securities are classified as Level 1.
Retained interest in securitized receivables. Prior to March 1, 2010, the retained interest in securitized receivables included interest-only strip receivables, various reserve accounts, required excess receivables and retained subordinated bonds. Excluding the retained subordinated bonds, we estimated the fair value of the retained interest using internal valuation models. These models included a combination of market inputs and our own assumptions. As the valuation models included significant unobservable inputs, we classified the retained interest as Level 3.
For the retained subordinated bonds, we based our valuation on observable market prices for similar assets when available. Otherwise, our valuations were based on input from independent third parties and internal valuation models. As the key assumption used in the valuation was based on unobservable inputs, we classified the retained subordinated bonds as Level 3. As described in Note 4, there was no retained interest as of November 30, 2010.
Derivative instruments. The fair values of our derivative instruments are included in either other current assets or accounts payable. As described in Note 5, as part of our risk management strategy, we utilize derivative instruments to manage differences in the amount of our known or expected cash receipts and our known or expected cash payments principally related to the funding of our auto loan receivables. Interest rate swaps are used to manage our exposure to interest rate movements, to better match funding costs to the interest on the fixed-rate receivables being securitized and to minimize the funding costs related to certain term securitization trusts. Interest rate caps are used to limit risk for investors in the warehouse facilities. Our derivatives are not exchange-traded and are over-the-counter customized derivative instruments. All of our derivative exposures are with highly rated bank counterparties.
We measure derivative fair values assuming that the unit of account is an individual derivative instrument and that derivatives are sold or transferred on a stand-alone basis. We estimate the fair value of our derivatives using quotes determined by the derivative counterparties and third-party valuation services. We validate certain quotes using our own internal models. Quotes from third-party valuation services, quotes received from bank counterparties and our internal models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using market-based expectations for interest rates and the contractual terms of the derivative instruments. Because model inputs can typically be observed in the liquid market and the models do not require significant judgment, these derivatives are classified as Level 2.
Our derivative fair value measurements consider assumptions about counterparty and our own nonperformance risk. We monitor counterparty and our own nonperformance risk and, in the event that we determine that a party is unlikely to perform under terms of the contract, we would adjust the derivative fair value to reflect the nonperformance risk.
ITEMS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS
|
|
As of November 30, 2010
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
|
Level 2
|
|
|
Level 3
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market securities
|
|
$ |
91.1 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
91.1 |
|
Derivative instruments
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
Total assets at fair value
|
|
$ |
91.1 |
|
|
$ |
1.3 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
92.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of total assets at fair value
|
|
|
98.6 |
% |
|
|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Percent of total assets
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivative instruments
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
Total liabilities at fair value
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of total liabilities
|
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
As of February 28, 2010
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
|
Level 2
|
|
|
Level 3
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Money market securities
|
|
$ |
31.2 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
31.2 |
|
Retained interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
552.4 |
|
|
|
552.4 |
|
Derivative instruments
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
Total assets at fair value
|
|
$ |
31.2 |
|
|
$ |
1.3 |
|
|
$ |
552.4 |
|
|
$ |
584.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of total assets at fair value
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
94.4 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Percent of total assets
|
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
21.6 |
% |
|
|
22.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivative instruments
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
7.2 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
7.2 |
|
Total liabilities at fair value
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
7.2 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
7.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of total liabilities
|
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
CHANGES IN FAIR VALUE OF RETAINED INTEREST IN SECURITIZED RECEIVABLES (LEVEL 3)
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Balance at beginning of period
|
|
$ |
552.4 |
|
|
$ |
348.3 |
|
Impact of accounting changes (1)
|
|
|
(508.6 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Balance as of March 1
|
|
|
43.7 |
|
|
|
348.3 |
|
Total realized/unrealized gains (2)
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
67.7 |
|
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net
|
|
|
(44.2 |
) |
|
|
105.3 |
|
Balance at end of period
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
521.3 |
|
Change in unrealized gains on assets still held (2)
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
61.1 |
|
(1)
|
Additional information on the impact of the accounting changes is included in Note 2.
|
(2)
|
Reported in CarMax Auto Finance income on the consolidated statements of earnings.
|
We had $14.1 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits as of November 30, 2010, and $22.0 million as of February 28, 2010. During the nine months ended November 30, 2010, we settled federal and state liabilities of $3.0 million related to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) audit of fiscal years 2005 through 2007. In addition, we reduced gross unrecognized tax benefits by $7.0 million as a result of a recent ruling issued by the IRS regarding capitalization of certain costs incurred by automotive retailers. There were no other significant changes to the gross unrecognized tax benefits as reported for the year ended February 28, 2010, as all other activity was related to positions taken on tax returns filed or intended to be filed in the current fiscal year.
Effective December 31, 2008, we froze both our noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the “pension plan”) and our unfunded nonqualified plan (the “restoration plan”). No additional benefits have accrued under these plans since that date. The pension plan covers the majority of full-time associates. The restoration plan restores retirement benefits for certain associates who are affected by Internal Revenue Code limitations on benefits provided under the pension plan. We use a fiscal year end measurement date for both the pension plan and the restoration plan.
COMPONENTS OF NET PENSION EXPENSE
|
|
Three Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
Pension Plan
|
|
|
Restoration Plan
|
|
|
Total
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Interest cost
|
|
$ |
1,631 |
|
|
$ |
1,428 |
|
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
152 |
|
|
$ |
1,759 |
|
|
$ |
1,580 |
|
Expected return on plan assets
|
|
|
(1,639 |
) |
|
|
(1,622 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(1,639 |
) |
|
|
(1,622 |
) |
Recognized actuarial loss
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Net pension expense (income)
|
|
$ |
65 |
|
|
$ |
(194 |
) |
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
152 |
|
|
$ |
193 |
|
|
$ |
(42 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
Pension Plan
|
|
|
Restoration Plan
|
|
|
Total
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Interest cost
|
|
$ |
4,906 |
|
|
$ |
4,284 |
|
|
$ |
390 |
|
|
$ |
454 |
|
|
$ |
5,296 |
|
|
$ |
4,738 |
|
Expected return on plan assets
|
|
|
(4,935 |
) |
|
|
(4,866 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(4,935 |
) |
|
|
(4,866 |
) |
Recognized actuarial loss
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Net pension expense (income)
|
|
$ |
181 |
|
|
$ |
(582 |
) |
|
$ |
390 |
|
|
$ |
454 |
|
|
$ |
571 |
|
|
$ |
(128 |
) |
We did not make any contributions to the pension plan during the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and do not anticipate making any contributions during the remainder of fiscal 2011. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the pension plan was 7.75% as of February 28, 2010.
Long-Term Debt. Our $700 million revolving credit facility (the “credit facility”) expires in December 2011 and is secured by vehicle inventory. Borrowings under this credit facility are limited to 80% of qualifying inventory, and they are available for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of November 30, 2010, $0.7 million of short-term debt was outstanding under the credit facility and the remaining capacity was fully available to us.
Obligations under capital leases as of November 30, 2010, consisted of $0.8 million classified as current portion of long-term debt and $28.5 million classified as long-term debt.
Non-Recourse Notes Payable. As of March 1, 2010, and as discussed in Notes 2 and 4, we adopted ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 and amended our warehouse facility agreement in effect as of that date. As a result, we consolidated the auto loan receivables previously securitized through that warehouse facility and term securitizations, along with the related non-recourse notes payable, and they are now accounted for as secured borrowings. The timing of principal payments on the non-recourse notes payable are based on principal collections, net of losses, on the securitized auto loan receivables. The non-recourse notes payable accrue interest predominantly at fixed rates and mature between February 2011 and March 2017, but may mature earlier or later, depending upon the repayment rate of the underlying auto loan receivables. As of November 30, 2010, $4.03 billion of non-recourse notes payable were outstanding. The outstanding balance included $138.8 million classified as current portion of non-recourse notes payable, as this represents principal payments that have been collected, but will be distributed in the following period.
As of November 30, 2010, the combined warehouse facility limit was $1.6 billion. At that date, $542.0 million of auto loan receivables were funded in the warehouse facilities and unused warehouse capacity totaled $1.06 billion. During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, we entered into a second warehouse facility agreement in order to stagger the warehouse facility renewal dates, reduce risk and provide greater flexibility. During the second quarter of fiscal 2011, we renewed our $800 million warehouse facility that was scheduled to expire in August 2010 for an additional 364-day term, and we increased the capacity of our second warehouse facility by $400 million. As of November 30, 2010, $800 million of the warehouse facility limit will expire in February 2011 and $800 million will expire in August 2011. The return requirements of investors in the bank conduits could fluctuate significantly depending on market conditions. At renewal, the cost, structure and capacity of the facilities could change. These changes could have a significant impact on our funding costs. See Note 4 for further information on the related securitized auto loan receivables.
10.
|
Share-Based Compensation
|
We maintain long-term incentive plans for management, key employees and the nonemployee members of our board of directors. The plans allow for the grant of equity-based compensation awards, including nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, stock- and cash-settled restricted stock units, stock grants or a combination of awards. To date, we have not awarded any incentive stock options.
Prior to fiscal 2007, the majority of associates who received share-based compensation awards primarily received nonqualified stock options. From fiscal 2007 through fiscal 2009, these associates primarily received restricted stock instead of stock options, and beginning in fiscal 2010, these associates primarily received cash-settled restricted stock units instead of restricted stock awards. Senior management and other key associates continue to receive awards of nonqualified stock options and, starting in fiscal 2010, stock-settled restricted stock units. Nonemployee directors continue to receive awards of nonqualified stock options and stock grants.
Nonqualified Stock Options. Nonqualified stock options are awards that allow the recipient to purchase shares of our common stock at a fixed price. Stock options are granted at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date. Substantially all of the stock options vest annually in equal amounts over periods of three to four years. These options are subject to forfeiture and expire no later than ten years after the date of the grant.
Restricted Stock. Restricted stock awards are awards of our common stock that are subject to specified restrictions and a risk of forfeiture. The restrictions typically lapse three years from the grant date. Participants holding restricted stock are entitled to vote on matters submitted to holders of our common stock for a vote.
Stock-Settled Restricted Stock Units. Also referred to as market stock units, or MSUs, these are awards to eligible key associates that are converted into between zero and two shares of common stock for each unit granted at the end of a three-year vesting period. The conversion ratio is calculated by dividing the average closing price of our stock during the final forty trading days of the three-year vesting period by our stock price on the grant date, with the resulting quotient capped at two. This quotient is then multiplied by the number of MSUs granted to yield the number of shares awarded. MSUs are subject to forfeiture and do not have voting rights.
Cash-Settled Restricted Stock Units. Also referred to as restricted stock units, or RSUs, these are awards that entitle the holder to a cash payment equal to the fair market value of a share of our common stock for each unit granted at the end of a three-year vesting period. However, the cash payment per RSU will not be greater than 200% or less than 75% of the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the grant date. RSUs are liability awards that are subject to forfeiture and do not have voting rights.
COMPOSITION OF SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
$ |
789 |
|
|
$ |
727 |
|
|
$ |
1,393 |
|
|
$ |
1,651 |
|
CarMax Auto Finance income
|
|
|
488 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
|
1,150 |
|
|
|
987 |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
10,581 |
|
|
|
7,175 |
|
|
|
31,819 |
|
|
|
28,798 |
|
Share-based compensation expense, before income taxes
|
|
$ |
11,858 |
|
|
$ |
8,258 |
|
|
$ |
34,362 |
|
|
$ |
31,436 |
|
COMPOSITION OF SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE – BY GRANT TYPE
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Nonqualified stock options
|
|
$ |
3,490 |
|
|
$ |
2,865 |
|
|
$ |
13,650 |
|
|
$ |
14,111 |
|
Restricted stock
|
|
|
1,372 |
|
|
|
2,942 |
|
|
|
4,463 |
|
|
|
9,500 |
|
Stock-settled restricted stock units
|
|
|
1,207 |
|
|
|
453 |
|
|
|
4,626 |
|
|
|
2,111 |
|
Cash-settled restricted stock units
|
|
|
5,574 |
|
|
|
1,782 |
|
|
|
10,386 |
|
|
|
4,425 |
|
Stock grants to non-employee directors
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
475 |
|
|
|
550 |
|
Employee stock purchase plan
|
|
|
215 |
|
|
|
216 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
|
|
739 |
|
Share-based compensation expense, before income taxes
|
|
$ |
11,858 |
|
|
$ |
8,258 |
|
|
$ |
34,362 |
|
|
$ |
31,436 |
|
We recognize compensation expense for stock options, restricted stock and MSUs on a straight-line basis (net of estimated forfeitures) over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the award. The variable expense associated with RSUs is recognized over their vesting period (net of expected forfeitures) and is calculated based on the volume-weighted average price of our common stock on the last trading day of each reporting period. The total costs for matching contributions for our employee stock purchase plan are included in share-based compensation expense. There were no capitalized share-based compensation costs as of November 30, 2010 or 2009.
STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
(Shares and intrinsic value in thousands)
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
|
|
|
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
|
|
Outstanding as of March 1, 2010
|
|
|
13,741 |
|
|
$ |
15.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options granted
|
|
|
1,879 |
|
|
$ |
25.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercised
|
|
|
(2,730 |
) |
|
$ |
14.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options forfeited or expired
|
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
$ |
14.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding as of November 30, 2010
|
|
|
12,827 |
|
|
$ |
17.27 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
200,519 |
|
Exercisable as of November 30, 2010
|
|
|
7,287 |
|
|
$ |
16.12 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
$ |
122,242 |
|
For the nine months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, we granted nonqualified options to purchase 1,879,111 and 2,948,150 shares of common stock, respectively. The total cash received as a result of stock option exercises was $39.1 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and $27.2 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. We settle stock option exercises with authorized but unissued shares of our common stock. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $34.7 million for the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and $18.7 million for the first nine months of fiscal 2010. We realized related tax benefits of $14.0 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and $7.6 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2010.
OUTSTANDING STOCK OPTIONS
|
|
|
Options Outstanding
|
|
|
Options Exercisable
|
|
(Shares in thousands)
Range of Exercise Prices
|
|
|
Number of
Shares
|
|
|
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(Years)
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
|
Number of
Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
7.14 to $10.75 |
|
|
|
618 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
|
|
$ |
7.38 |
|
|
|
618 |
|
|
$ |
7.38 |
|
$ |
11.43 |
|
|
|
2,543 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
|
|
$ |
11.43 |
|
|
|
442 |
|
|
$ |
11.43 |
|
$ |
13.19 |
|
|
|
1,502 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
$ |
13.19 |
|
|
|
1,502 |
|
|
$ |
13.19 |
|
$ |
14.13 to $14.81 |
|
|
|
1,643 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
$ |
14.61 |
|
|
|
1,597 |
|
|
$ |
14.61 |
|
$ |
14.86 to $19.36 |
|
|
|
1,235 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
$ |
17.05 |
|
|
|
1,149 |
|
|
$ |
17.01 |
|
$ |
19.82 |
|
|
|
1,862 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
19.82 |
|
|
|
834 |
|
|
$ |
19.82 |
|
$ |
19.98 to $24.99 |
|
|
|
1,497 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
$ |
24.80 |
|
|
|
1,060 |
|
|
$ |
24.97 |
|
$ |
25.39 to $25.79 |
|
|
|
1,927 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
$ |
25.41 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
$ |
25.71 |
|
Total
|
|
|
|
12,827 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
17.27 |
|
|
|
7,287 |
|
|
$ |
16.12 |
|
For all stock options granted prior to March 1, 2006, the fair value was estimated as of the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For stock options granted to associates on or after March 1, 2006, the fair value of each award is estimated as of the date of grant using a binomial valuation model. In computing the value of the option, the binomial model considers characteristics of fair-value option pricing that are not available for consideration under the Black-Scholes model, such as the contractual term of the option, the probability that the option will be exercised prior to the end of its contractual life and the probability of termination or retirement of the option holder. For this reason, we believe that the binomial model provides a fair value that is more representative of actual experience and future expected experience than the value calculated using the Black-Scholes model. For grants to nonemployee directors prior to fiscal 2009, we used the Black-Scholes model to estimate the fair value of stock option awards. Beginning in fiscal 2009, we used the binomial model. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the recipients of share-based awards.
The weighted average fair values at the date of grant for options granted during the nine-month periods ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, were $10.80 and $5.30 per share, respectively. The unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested options totaled $25.9 million as of November 30, 2010. These costs are expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.
ASSUMPTIONS USED TO ESTIMATE OPTION VALUES
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Dividend yield
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
0.0 |
% |
Expected volatility factor (1)
|
|
|
34.6% - 50.2 |
% |
|
|
52.2% - 73.4 |
% |
Weighted average expected volatility
|
|
|
48.2 |
% |
|
|
57.3 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate (2)
|
|
|
0.2% - 4.0 |
% |
|
|
0.2% - 3.2 |
% |
Expected term (in years) (3)
|
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
|
5.2 - 5.5 |
|
(1)
|
Measured using historical daily price changes of our stock for a period corresponding to the term of the option and the implied volatility derived from the market prices of traded options on our stock.
|
(2)
|
Based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
|
(3)
|
Represents the estimated number of years that options will be outstanding prior to exercise.
|
RESTRICTED STOCK ACTIVITY
(Shares in thousands)
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
|
|
Outstanding as of March 1, 2010
|
|
|
1,663 |
|
|
$ |
22.08 |
|
Restricted stock vested
|
|
|
(732 |
) |
|
$ |
24.93 |
|
Restricted stock cancelled
|
|
|
(45 |
) |
|
$ |
20.43 |
|
Outstanding as of November 30, 2010
|
|
|
886 |
|
|
$ |
19.81 |
|
We did not grant shares of restricted stock during the first nine months of fiscal 2011 or 2010. The fair value of a restricted stock award is determined and fixed based on the fair market value of our stock on the grant date.
We realized related tax benefits of $7.7 million from the vesting of restricted stock in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and $4.2 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. The unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested restricted stock awards totaled $1.9 million as of November 30, 2010. These costs are expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 0.3 years.
STOCK-SETTLED RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT ACTIVITY
(Units in thousands)
|
|
Number of
Units
|
|
|
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
|
|
Outstanding as of March 1, 2010
|
|
|
395 |
|
|
$ |
16.34 |
|
Stock units granted
|
|
|
277 |
|
|
$ |
36.24 |
|
Stock units vested and converted
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
$ |
16.34 |
|
Stock units cancelled
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
$ |
16.34 |
|
Outstanding as of November 30, 2010
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
$ |
24.61 |
|
For the nine-month periods ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, we granted MSUs of 277,066 units and 405,872 units, respectively. The fixed fair values per share at the date of grant for MSUs granted during the nine-month periods ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, were $36.24 and $16.34, respectively. The fair values were determined using a Monte-Carlo simulation and were based on the expected market price of our common stock on the vesting date and the expected number of converted common shares. The unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested MSUs totaled $9.5 million as of November 30, 2010. These costs are expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.
CASH-SETTLED RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT ACTIVITY
(Units in thousands)
|
|
Number of Units
|
|
|
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
|
|
Outstanding as of March 1, 2010
|
|
|
916 |
|
|
$ |
11.43 |
|
Stock units granted
|
|
|
689 |
|
|
$ |
25.39 |
|
Stock units vested and converted
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
$ |
16.13 |
|
Stock units cancelled
|
|
|
(68 |
) |
|
$ |
16.18 |
|
Outstanding as of November 30, 2010
|
|
|
1,525 |
|
|
$ |
17.49 |
|
During the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and 2010, we granted RSUs of 688,880 units and 1,005,505 units, respectively. The initial fair market values per share for the liability-classified RSUs granted during the first nine months of fiscal 2011 and 2010 were $25.39 and $11.43 respectively. The RSUs will be cash-settled upon vesting.
EXPECTED CASH SETTLEMENT RANGE UPON RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT VESTING
|
|
As of November 30, 2010
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
Minimum (1)
|
|
|
Maximum (1)
|
|
Fiscal 2013
|
|
$ |
6,877 |
|
|
$ |
18,338 |
|
Fiscal 2014
|
|
$ |
10,533 |
|
|
$ |
28,087 |
|
Total expected cash settlements
|
|
$ |
17,410 |
|
|
$ |
46,425 |
|
(1)
|
Net of estimated forfeitures.
|
11.
|
Net Earnings per Share
|
Our restricted stock awards are considered participating securities because they contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Nonvested MSUs and RSUs do not receive nonforfeitable dividend equivalent rights and are therefore not considered participating securities. As RSUs are nonparticipating, non-equity instruments, they are excluded from net earnings per share calculations.
BASIC AND DILUTIVE NET EARNINGS PER SHARE RECONCILIATIONS
|
|
Three Months Ended
November 30
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
November 30
|
|
(In thousands except per share data)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Net earnings
|
|
$ |
82,364 |
|
|
$ |
74,589 |
|
|
$ |
291,368 |
|
|
$ |
206,308 |
|
Less net earnings allocable to restricted stock
|
|
|
330 |
|
|
|
574 |
|
|
|
1,282 |
|
|
|
1,804 |
|
Net earnings available for basic common shares
|
|
|
82,034 |
|
|
|
74,015 |
|
|
|
290,086 |
|
|
|
204,504 |
|
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
19 |
|
Net earnings available for diluted common shares
|
|
$ |
82,043 |
|
|
$ |
74,025 |
|
|
$ |
290,086 |
|
|
$ |
204,523 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
223,953 |
|
|
|
220,204 |
|
|
|
223,007 |
|
|
|
218,980 |
|
Dilutive potential common shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock options
|
|
|
3,867 |
|
|
|
3,236 |
|
|
|
3,346 |
|
|
|
2,141 |
|
Stock-settled restricted stock units
|
|
|
651 |
|
|
|
439 |
|
|
|
571 |
|
|
|
225 |
|
Weighted average common shares and dilutive potential common shares
|
|
|
228,471 |
|
|
|
223,879 |
|
|
|
226,924 |
|
|
|
221,346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net earnings per share
|
|
$ |
0.37 |
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
|
$ |
1.30 |
|
|
$ |
0.93 |
|
Diluted net earnings per share
|
|
$ |
0.36 |
|
|
$ |
0.33 |
|
|
$ |
1.28 |
|
|
$ |
0.92 |
|
For the quarters ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, weighted-average options to purchase 1,558,839 shares and 3,484,685 shares, respectively, of common stock were outstanding and not included in the calculations of diluted net earnings per share because their inclusion would be antidilutive. Weighted-average options to purchase 3,234,902 shares and 7,787,984 shares of common stock were outstanding and not included in the calculations for the nine months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
COMPONENTS OF TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In thousands, net of income taxes)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Net earnings
|
|
$ |
82,364 |
|
|
$ |
74,589 |
|
|
$ |
291,368 |
|
|
$ |
206,308 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement plans:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization recognized in net pension expense
|
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
Cash flow hedges:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective portion of changes in fair value
|
|
|
(4,579 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(10,917 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
Reclassifications to net income
|
|
|
812 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
1,035 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Total comprehensive income
|
|
$ |
78,645 |
|
|
$ |
74,589 |
|
|
$ |
281,606 |
|
|
$ |
206,302 |
|
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands, net of income taxes)
|
|
Unrecognized Actuarial Losses
|
|
|
Unrecognized Hedge Losses
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Balance as of February 28, 2010
|
|
$ |
19,546 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
19,546 |
|
Retirement plans:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization recognized in net pension expense
|
|
|
(120 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(120 |
) |
Cash flow hedges:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective portion of changes in fair value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,917 |
|
|
|
10,917 |
|
Reclassifications to net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,035 |
) |
|
|
(1,035 |
) |
Balance as of November 30, 2010
|
|
$ |
19,426 |
|
|
$ |
9,882 |
|
|
$ |
29,308 |
|
Changes in the funded status of our retirement plans and changes associated with our derivatives designated as accounting hedges are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The cumulative balances are net of deferred taxes of $11.5 million as of November 30, 2010, and February 28, 2010.
13.
|
Contingent Liabilities
|
On April 2, 2008, Mr. John Fowler filed a putative class action lawsuit against CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC and CarMax Auto Superstores West Coast, Inc. in the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles. Subsequently, two other lawsuits, Leena Areso et al. v. CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC and Justin Weaver v. CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC, were consolidated as part of the Fowler case. The allegations in the consolidated case involved: (1) failure to provide meal and rest breaks or compensation in lieu thereof; (2) failure to pay wages of terminated or resigned employees related to meal and rest breaks and overtime; (3) failure to pay overtime; (4) failure to comply with itemized employee wage statement provisions; and (5) unfair competition. The putative class consisted of sales consultants, sales managers, and other hourly employees who worked for the company in California from April 2, 2004, to the present. On May 12, 2009, the court dismissed all of the class claims with respect to the sales manager putative class. On June 16, 2009, the court dismissed all claims related to the failure to comply with the itemized employee wage statement provisions. The court also granted CarMax's motion for summary adjudication with regard to CarMax's alleged failure to pay overtime to the sales consultant putative class. The plaintiffs have appealed the court's ruling regarding the sales consultant overtime claim. In addition to the plaintiffs' appeal of the overtime claim, the claims currently remaining in the lawsuit regarding the sales consultant putative class are: (1) failure to provide meal and rest breaks or compensation in lieu thereof; (2) failure to pay wages of terminated or resigned employees related to meal and rest breaks; and (3) unfair competition. On June 16, 2009, the court entered a stay of these claims pending the outcome of a California Supreme Court case involving related legal issues. The lawsuit seeks compensatory and special damages, wages, interest, civil and statutory penalties, restitution, injunctive relief and the recovery of attorneys’ fees. We are unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of loss that could result from an unfavorable outcome in these matters.
We are involved in various other legal proceedings in the normal course of business. Based upon our evaluation of information currently available, we believe that the ultimate resolution of any such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect, either individually or in the aggregate, on our financial condition or results of operations.
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our audited consolidated financial statements, the accompanying notes and the MD&A included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2010 (“fiscal 2010”), as well as our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Note references are to the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 1. All references to net earnings per share are to diluted net earnings per share.
In this discussion, “we,” “our,” “us,” “CarMax,” “CarMax, Inc.” and “the company” refer to CarMax, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise. Amounts and percentages in tables may not total due to rounding.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
General
CarMax is the nation’s largest retailer of used vehicles. We pioneered the used car superstore concept, opening our first store in 1993. Our strategy is to revolutionize the auto retailing market by addressing the major sources of customer dissatisfaction with traditional auto retailers and to maximize operating efficiencies through the use of standardized operating procedures and store formats enhanced by sophisticated, proprietary management information systems. As of November 30, 2010, we operated 103 used car superstores in 49 markets, comprised of 37 mid-sized markets, 11 large markets and 1 small market. We also operated five new car franchises. In fiscal 2010, we sold 357,129 used cars, representing 98% of the total 364,980 vehicles we sold at retail.
We believe the CarMax consumer offer is distinctive within the automobile retailing marketplace. Our offer provides customers the opportunity to shop for vehicles the same way they shop for items at other “big box” retailers. Our consumer offer is structured around four customer benefits: low, no-haggle prices; a broad selection; high quality vehicles; and a customer-friendly sales process. Our website, carmax.com, is a valuable tool for communicating the CarMax consumer offer, a sophisticated search engine and an efficient channel for customers who prefer to conduct their shopping online. We generate revenues, income and cash flows primarily by retailing used vehicles and associated items including vehicle financing, extended service plans (“ESPs”), a guaranteed asset protection product (“GAP”) and vehicle repair service.
We also generate revenues, income and cash flows from the sale of vehicles purchased through our appraisal process that do not meet our retail standards. These vehicles are sold through on-site wholesale auctions. Wholesale auctions are generally held on a weekly or bi-weekly basis, and as of November 30, 2010, we conducted auctions at 51 used car superstores. During fiscal 2010, we sold 197,382 wholesale vehicles. On average, the vehicles we wholesale are approximately 10 years old and have more than 100,000 miles. Participation in our wholesale auctions is restricted to licensed automobile dealers, the majority of whom are independent dealers and licensed wholesalers.
CarMax provides financing to qualified retail customers through CarMax Auto Finance (“CAF”), our finance operation, and a number of third-party financing providers. The third-party providers who purchase subprime financings purchase these loans at a discount, and we collect prenegotiated fees from the majority of the other providers. We periodically test additional providers. CarMax has no recourse liability for the financing provided by these third parties.
We sell ESPs and GAP on behalf of unrelated third parties who are the primary obligors. We have no contractual liability to the customer under these third-party products. ESP revenue represents commissions received on the sale of ESPs and GAP from the unrelated third parties.
Over the long term, we believe the primary drivers for earnings growth will be vehicle unit sales growth, from both new stores and stores included in our comparable store base, as well as improvements in margins resulting from operational efficiencies. We target a dollar range of gross profit per used unit sold. The gross profit dollar target for an individual vehicle is based on a variety of factors, including its probability of sale and its mileage relative to its age; however, it is not primarily based on the vehicle’s selling price. Our ability to quickly adjust appraisal offers to be consistent with the broader market trade-in trends and our rapid inventory turns reduce our exposure to the inherent continual fluctuation in used vehicle
values and contribute to our ability to manage gross profit dollars per unit. We employ a volume-based strategy, and we systematically mark down individual vehicle prices based on proprietary pricing algorithms in order to appropriately balance sales trends, inventory turns and gross profit achievement.
As a result of the weak economic and sales environment, in December 2008, we temporarily suspended store growth. This suspension reduced our capital needs and growth-related costs. Based on the improvements in our sales and profitability in fiscal 2010, as well as the increasing stability in the credit markets, we resumed store growth in fiscal 2011. We have opened three stores in fiscal 2011. We plan to open five stores in fiscal 2012 and between five and ten stores in fiscal 2013. We are still at a relatively early stage in the national rollout of our retail concept, and as of November 30, 2010, we had used car superstores located in markets that comprised approximately 47% of the U.S. population.
Over the long term, we believe the principal challenges we face will include our ability to build our management bench strength to support our store growth and our ability to procure suitable real estate at favorable terms. We attempt to staff each newly opened store with an experienced management team. Therefore, we must recruit, train and develop managers and associates to fill the pipeline necessary to support future store openings.
Fiscal 2011 Third Quarter Highlights
§
|
Net sales and operating revenues increased 23% to $2.12 billion from $1.73 billion in the third quarter of fiscal 2010, while net earnings increased 10% to $82.4 million, or $0.36 per share, compared with $74.6 million, or $0.33 per share, in the prior year period. Net earnings for the third quarter of last year were increased by $0.09 per share for CAF favorable adjustments.
|
§
|
Total used vehicle revenues increased 20% to $1.69 billion from $1.41 billion in the third quarter of fiscal 2010. Comparable store used unit sales increased 16%, driven by increases in both customer traffic and an improvement in the sales conversion rate. We believe a portion of the increase in sales conversion reflected improvements in consumer credit availability. Average used vehicle retail selling prices rose 2%, primarily reflecting increases in our acquisition costs, which have been affected by the year-over-year increase in used vehicle wholesale values.
|
§
|
Total wholesale vehicle revenues increased 41% to $320.1 million from $226.9 million in the prior year quarter. Wholesale vehicle unit sales increased 26%, reflecting increases in both appraisal traffic and our appraisal buy rate. Average wholesale vehicle selling prices rose 12%, primarily due to strong wholesale industry pricing trends.
|
§
|
Total gross profit increased 23% to $297.9 million from $242.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2010, reflecting the combination of the increase in unit sales plus an improvement in our total gross profit dollars per retail unit, which increased $127 to $3,175 per unit from $3,048 per unit in the corresponding prior year period.
|
§
|
CAF income was $55.7 million compared with $65.8 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2010. In the prior year period, CAF income included favorable mark-to-market and other adjustments totaling $31.6 million related to loans originated in previous fiscal periods.
|
§
|
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased 14% to $219.7 million from $192.1 million in the prior year quarter, compared with the 23% increase in total revenues. The increase in SG&A primarily reflected increases in sales commissions and other variable costs associated with the growth in unit sales, and higher advertising expense.
|
§
|
In the first nine months of the fiscal year, $22.5 million of cash was used in operating activities in fiscal 2011, while $56.5 million of cash was provided by operating activities in fiscal 2010. In the current year period, a $249.4 million increase in auto loan receivables more than offset the net cash generated by all other operating activities, resulting in the net use of cash. The increase in auto loan receivables primarily reflects the amount that CAF net loan originations exceeded loan repayments during the period. CAF auto loan receivables are funded through securitization transactions. As a result, the majority of the increases in auto loan receivables are accompanied by increases in non-recourse notes payable, which are reflected as cash provided by financing activities and not included in cash provided by operations.
|
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Securitization Transactions. As of March 1, 2010, we adopted ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 (formerly Statements of Financial Accounting Standards Nos. 166 and 167, respectively) on a prospective basis. Pursuant to these pronouncements, we now recognize all existing and future transfers of auto loan receivables into term securitizations as secured borrowings, which results in recording the auto loan receivables and the related non-recourse notes payable to the investors on our consolidated balance sheets. We also account for all transfers of auto loan receivables into our warehouse facilities on or after March 1, 2010, as secured borrowings. As of March 1, 2010, we amended our warehouse facility agreement in effect as of that date. As a result, the receivables that were funded in the warehouse facility at that date were consolidated, along with the related non-recourse notes payable, at their fair value. Pursuant to these pronouncements, beginning in fiscal 2011, CAF income included in the consolidated statements of earnings no longer includes a gain on the sale of loans
through securitization transactions, but instead primarily reflects the interest and certain other income associated with the auto loan receivables less the interest expense associated with the non-recourse notes payable issued to fund these receivables, direct CAF expenses and a provision for estimated loan losses. See Notes 2, 3 and 4 for additional information on securitizations.
For information on our other critical accounting policies, see “Critical Accounting Policies” in MD&A included in Item 7 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2010. These policies relate to revenue recognition and income taxes.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
NET SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
%
|
|
Used vehicle sales
|
|
$ |
1,688.5 |
|
|
|
79.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,407.1 |
|
|
|
81.5 |
|
|
$ |
5,410.1 |
|
|
|
80.5 |
|
|
$ |
4,663.0 |
|
|
|
82.7 |
|
New vehicle sales
|
|
|
47.7 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
38.2 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
149.6 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
149.9 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
Wholesale vehicle sales
|
|
|
320.1 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
226.9 |
|
|
|
13.1 |
|
|
|
966.5 |
|
|
|
14.4 |
|
|
|
635.4 |
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
Other sales and revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extended service plan revenues
|
|
|
39.7 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
30.2 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
126.6 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
104.6 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
Service department sales
|
|
|
23.9 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
24.2 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
77.3 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
77.6 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
Third-party finance fees, net
|
|
|
(0.7 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
― |
|
|
|
(7.2 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
Total other sales and revenues
|
|
|
62.9 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
53.8 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
196.7 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
188.7 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
Total net sales and operating revenues
|
|
$ |
2,119.1 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,726.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
6,722.9 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
$ |
5,636.9 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
RETAIL VEHICLE SALES CHANGES
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Vehicle units:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
(33 |
)% |
|
|
(1 |
)% |
|
|
(31 |
)% |
Total
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
(1 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle dollars:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
25 |
% |
|
|
(34 |
)% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
(31 |
)% |
Total
|
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Comparable store used unit sales growth is one of the key drivers of our profitability. A store is included in comparable store retail sales in the store’s fourteenth full month of operation.
COMPARABLE STORE RETAIL VEHICLE SALES CHANGES
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Vehicle units:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
(2 |
)% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
(33 |
)% |
|
|
(1 |
)% |
|
|
(31 |
)% |
Total
|
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
(3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle dollars:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
19 |
% |
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
25 |
% |
|
|
(34 |
)% |
|
|
― |
% |
|
|
(31 |
)% |
Total
|
|
|
19 |
% |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
― |
% |
CHANGE IN USED CAR SUPERSTORE BASE
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
2009
|
|
Used car superstores, beginning of period
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
Superstore openings
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
― |
|
Used car superstores, end of period
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
Used Vehicle Sales. The 20% increase in used vehicle revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 resulted from an 18% increase in unit sales combined with a 2% increase in average retail selling price. The 18% unit sales growth reflected a 16% increase in comparable store used unit sales as well as sales from newer stores not yet included in the comparable store base. The increase in comparable store used unit sales was fueled by both a continued rebound in customer traffic and an improvement in the sales conversion rate. We believe a portion of the increase in the sales conversion rate reflected improvements in consumer credit availability. In the prior year quarter, the sales conversion rate was adversely affected by the tightening of CAF lending standards. The effect of this tightening was then largely offset by our previously disclosed agreement with Santander Consumer USA, which commenced in late November 2009, where they are purchasing a large portion of the loans that CAF previously would have originated prior to the tightening. The increase in the average retail selling price primarily reflected increases in our acquisition costs, which resulted from the year-over-year increase in used vehicle wholesale values.
The 16% increase in used vehicle revenues in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 resulted from the combination of a 10% increase in unit sales combined with a 6% increase in average retail selling price. The 10% increase in unit sales reflected a 9% increase in comparable store used unit sales as well as sales from newer stores not yet included in the comparable store base. For the nine-month period, the increase in comparable store unit sales primarily reflected the benefit of the continuing gradual rebound in customer traffic, as well as an increase in the sales conversion rate and the relatively easy comparison with the prior year period, when comparable store used unit sales declined 2%. Similar to the third quarter, the increase in the average retail selling price primarily reflected the effect of higher used vehicle wholesale valuations on our acquisition costs.
New Vehicle Sales. The 25% increase in new vehicle revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 resulted from a 24% increase in unit sales combined with a 1% increase in average retail selling price. The improvement in unit sales primarily reflected the general new car industry sales trends for this period. It also reflected the fairly easy comparison with the prior year quarter, which was affected by short-term new vehicle inventory supply constraints following the end of the government’s Consumer Assistance to Recycle and Save Act (“CARS” or “cash for clunkers”). Cash for clunkers was effective between July 1 and August 24, 2009.
New vehicle revenues were similar to the prior year period in the first nine months of fiscal 2011, reflecting both unit sales and average retail selling prices that were consistent with the prior year period. While new vehicle sales volumes in the second quarter of last fiscal year benefited from the cash for clunkers program, we believe the effect on the nine-month period was less material, as this program primarily shifted new vehicle demand into the second fiscal quarter from the first and third quarters. In addition, in the current year we experienced reduced sales volumes at our Chevrolet franchise, which was one of the many franchises terminated by General Motors. Given the small number of franchises we operate, our new car operations represent only 2% of our total net sales and operating revenues.
Wholesale Vehicle Sales. Vehicles acquired through the appraisal purchase process that do not meet our retail standards are sold at our on-site wholesale auctions. The 41% increase in wholesale vehicle revenues in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 resulted from a 26% increase in wholesale unit sales and a 12% increase in average wholesale selling price. The increase in unit sales reflected increases in both appraisal traffic and our appraisal buy rate. We believe the strong industry-wide wholesale vehicle pricing environment and the resulting increases in our appraisal offers had a favorable effect on the buy rate. The improvement in average wholesale selling price reflected the trends in the general wholesale market for the types of vehicles we sell, as well as changes in vehicle mix and the average age, mileage and condition of the vehicles wholesaled.
The 52% increase in wholesale revenues in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 resulted from a 31% increase in wholesale unit sales combined with a 16% increase in average wholesale selling price. Similar to the third quarter, wholesale revenues for the first nine months of the year benefited from significant increases in both appraisal traffic and our appraisal buy rate and the strength of wholesale industry vehicle pricing.
Other Sales and Revenues. Other sales and revenues include commissions on the sale of ESPs and GAP, service department sales and net third-party finance fees. In the third quarter of fiscal 2011, other sales and revenues increased 17% from the prior year’s quarter. ESP and GAP revenues increased 31%, primarily reflecting the growth in used unit sales and an
increase in ESP penetration, due in part to refinements in the plan design implemented earlier in the current fiscal year. Service department sales were similar to the prior year quarter, as service resources were used primarily in reconditioning vehicles to support retail unit sales. Net third-party finance fees declined modestly as an increase in fees received from third-party providers was more than offset by the effect of an increase in the percentage of sales financed by our subprime finance providers. The third-party providers who purchase subprime financings purchase these loans at a discount, and subprime finance penetration was approximately 8% of retail unit sales in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 compared with approximately 6% in the prior year period. We believe the increase in subprime penetration was due in part to expansion of credit availability by the subprime providers.
For the first nine months of the year, other sales and revenues increased 4% from the prior year period. The improvement included a 21% increase in ESP and GAP revenues that was partially offset by a decline in third-party finance fees. The factors that contributed to the changes in ESP and GAP revenues and the third-party finance fees in the third quarter also contributed to these changes in the first nine months of the year. In addition, our introduction of the GAP product during the first quarter of the prior year contributed to the increase in the ESP and GAP revenues for the nine-month period.
Seasonality. Historically, our business has been seasonal. Typically, our superstores experience their strongest traffic and sales in the spring and summer quarters. Sales are typically slowest in the fall quarter, when used vehicles generally experience proportionately more of their annual depreciation. We believe this is partly the result of a decline in customer traffic, as well as discounts on model year closeouts that can pressure pricing for late-model used vehicles. Customer traffic generally tends to slow in the fall as the weather changes and as customers shift their spending priorities toward holiday-related expenditures.
Supplemental Sales Information.
UNIT SALES
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Change
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
91,854 |
|
|
|
78,082 |
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
296,212 |
|
|
|
269,205 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
1,976 |
|
|
|
1,596 |
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
6,278 |
|
|
|
6,316 |
|
|
|
(1 |
)% |
Wholesale vehicles
|
|
|
64,333 |
|
|
|
51,026 |
|
|
|
26 |
% |
|
|
197,832 |
|
|
|
151,042 |
|
|
|
31 |
% |
AVERAGE SELLING PRICES
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Change
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
$ |
18,177 |
|
|
$ |
17,810 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
$ |
18,072 |
|
|
$ |
17,126 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
$ |
23,994 |
|
|
$ |
23,769 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
23,702 |
|
|
$ |
23,602 |
|
|
|
― |
% |
Wholesale vehicles
|
|
$ |
4,844 |
|
|
$ |
4,321 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
$ |
4,754 |
|
|
$ |
4,082 |
|
|
|
16 |
% |
RETAIL VEHICLE SALES MIX
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Vehicle units:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
98 |
% |
|
|
98 |
% |
|
|
98 |
% |
|
|
98 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle dollars:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Used vehicles
|
|
|
97 |
% |
|
|
97 |
% |
|
|
97 |
% |
|
|
97 |
% |
New vehicles
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
As of November 30, 2010, we operated a total of five new car franchises representing the Chrysler, Nissan and Toyota brands. In June 2009, we were notified by General Motors that our Chevrolet franchise in Kenosha, Wisconsin, would be terminated no later than October 31, 2010. During the third quarter, we stopped selling new General Motors vehicles at this site,
where we also have a used car superstore and a Toyota franchise. We do not expect this franchise termination to have a material effect on sales or earnings.
GROSS PROFIT
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
2009
|
|
Change
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Change
|
|
Used vehicle gross profit
|
|
$ |
193.2 |
|
|
$ |
164.0 |
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
$ |
644.5 |
|
|
$ |
558.1 |
|
|
|
15 |
% |
New vehicle gross profit
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
(5 |
)% |
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
|
|
|
(24 |
)% |
Wholesale vehicle gross profit
|
|
|
56.5 |
|
|
|
42.2 |
|
|
|
34 |
% |
|
|
176.5 |
|
|
|
128.1 |
|
|
|
38 |
% |
Other gross profit
|
|
|
46.7 |
|
|
|
35.0 |
|
|
|
33 |
% |
|
|
155.3 |
|
|
|
141.8 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
Total gross profit
|
|
$ |
297.9 |
|
|
$ |
242.9 |
|
|
|
23 |
% |
|
$ |
980.6 |
|
|
$ |
833.6 |
|
|
|
18 |
% |
GROSS PROFIT PER UNIT
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
$ per unit (1)
|
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
$ per unit (1)
|
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
$ per unit (1)
|
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
|
$ per unit (1)
|
|
|
|
% |
(2) |
Used vehicle gross profit
|
|
$ |
2,103 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
$ |
2,100 |
|
|
|
11.7 |
|
|
$ |
2,176 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
|
|
$ |
2,073 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
New vehicle gross profit
|
|
$ |
807 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
$ |
1,053 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
684 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
$ |
889 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
Wholesale vehicle gross profit
|
|
$ |
878 |
|
|
|
17.6 |
|
|
$ |
827 |
|
|
|
18.6 |
|
|
$ |
892 |
|
|
|
18.3 |
|
|
$ |
848 |
|
|
|
20.2 |
|
Other gross profit
|
|
$ |
497 |
|
|
|
74.2 |
|
|
$ |
439 |
|
|
|
65.0 |
|
|
$ |
514 |
|
|
|
79.0 |
|
|
$ |
515 |
|
|
|
75.2 |
|
Total gross profit
|
|
$ |
3,175 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
$ |
3,048 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
$ |
3,242 |
|
|
|
14.6 |
|
|
$ |
3,026 |
|
|
|
14.8 |
|
(1)
|
Calculated as category gross profit divided by its respective units sold, except the other and total categories, which are divided by total retail units sold.
|
(2)
|
Calculated as a percentage of its respective sales or revenue.
|
Used Vehicle Gross Profit. Our used vehicle gross profit increased 18% to $193.2 million from $164.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2010, reflecting a corresponding increase in used unit sales. Used vehicle gross profit per unit of $2,103 was relatively flat compared with the $2,100 per unit in the prior year quarter.
For the first nine months of the fiscal year, used vehicle gross profit increased 15% to $644.5 million from $558.1 million in fiscal 2010. The increase reflected the combination of the 10% increase in used unit sales and a 5% improvement in used vehicle gross profit dollars per unit. Used vehicle gross profit per unit increased $103 to $2,176 per unit compared with $2,073 per unit in the first nine months of the prior year. The improvement in used gross profit per unit in fiscal 2011 resulted from a combination of factors, including benefits realized from our initiatives to improve vehicle reconditioning efficiency and reduce waste and the support provided by strong wholesale valuations.
New Vehicle Gross Profit. Our new vehicle gross profit declined to $1.6 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 and $4.3 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2011, from $1.7 million and $5.6 million, respectively, in the corresponding prior year periods. In the third quarter, the effect of the increase in unit sales was fully offset by a decrease in gross profit dollars per unit. In the first nine months, the reduction in gross profit reflected a decline in new vehicle gross profit dollars per unit. In the first nine months of the prior year, new vehicle gross profit per unit benefited from the industry-wide reduction in new vehicle consumer incentive spending, which was a result of the government’s cash for clunkers program.
Wholesale Vehicle Gross Profit. Our wholesale vehicle gross profit increased 34% to $56.5 million from $42.2 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2010, reflecting the combination of the 26% increase in wholesale unit sales and a 6% improvement in wholesale vehicle gross profit dollars per unit. Wholesale vehicle gross profit per unit increased $51 to $878 per unit compared with $827 per unit in the prior year period, primarily reflecting the higher year-over-year wholesale pricing environment. We continued to achieve strong dealer attendance and dealer-to-car ratios at our wholesale auctions.
For the first nine months of the fiscal year, wholesale vehicle gross profit increased 38% to $176.5 million from $128.1 million in fiscal 2010. The improvement reflected the 31% increase in wholesale unit sales combined with a 5% rise in wholesale vehicle gross profit dollars per unit. Wholesale vehicle gross profit per unit increased $44 to $892 per unit compared with $848 per unit in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. The factors that contributed to the improvement in wholesale gross profit in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 also contributed to the improvement in the first nine months of fiscal 2011.
Other Gross Profit. We have no cost of sales related to ESP and GAP revenues or net third-party finance fees, as these represent commissions paid to us by the third-party providers. In the case of the subprime finance providers, net third-party finance fees represent the discount associated with these loans. Other gross profit increased 33% to $46.7 million from $35.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2010. Other gross profit per unit increased $58, or 13%, to $497 per unit compared with $439 per unit in the prior year quarter. ESP and GAP gross profit benefited from the increase in used unit sales and increase in ESP penetration resulting, in part, from the refinements in our ESP plan design.
For the first nine months of the fiscal year, other gross profit increased 10% to $155.3 million from $141.8 million in fiscal 2010. Other gross profit per unit was flat, at $514 per unit compared with $515 per unit in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. Similar to the third quarter, other gross profit in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 benefited from the increase in used unit sales and the improved ESP penetration, which was partially offset by the reduction in net third-party finance fees. In addition, other gross profit for the first nine months of fiscal 2011 benefited from the introduction of the GAP product during the first quarter of fiscal 2010.
Impact of Inflation. Historically, inflation has not been a significant contributor to results. Profitability is primarily affected by our ability to achieve targeted unit sales and gross profit dollars per vehicle rather than on average retail prices. However, increases in average vehicle selling prices benefit the SG&A ratio and CAF income, to the extent the average amount financed also increases.
Historically, used vehicle industry prices depreciate over the course of the year, with modest appreciation in the spring generally followed by several months of declining valuations, particularly during the fall, which coincides with both the model-year changeover period and seasonal declines in customer traffic. During fiscal 2010, we experienced a period of strong appreciation in used vehicle wholesale pricing. We believe the appreciation resulted, in part, from a reduced supply of used vehicles in the market that was caused by the dramatic decline in new car industry sales and the associated slow down in used vehicle trade-in activity. The appreciation also reflected a rebound in pricing compared with the severe depreciation in wholesale industry pricing experienced in fiscal 2009. During fiscal 2011, used vehicle industry prices continued to appreciate in the first half of the year, although at a slower pace than in fiscal 2010. During the third quarter of fiscal 2011, used vehicle industry prices moderated compared with earlier in the year; however, they remained stronger than historical averages. The higher wholesale values increased both our vehicle acquisition costs and our average selling prices for used and wholesale vehicles.
CarMax Auto Finance Income. CAF provides financing for a portion of our used and new car retail sales. Because the purchase of a vehicle is generally reliant on the consumer’s ability to obtain on-the-spot financing, it is important to our business that financing be available to creditworthy customers. While financing can also be obtained from third-party sources, we believe that total reliance on third parties can create unacceptable volatility and business risk. Furthermore, we believe that our processes and systems, the transparency of our pricing and our vehicle quality provide a unique and ideal environment in which to procure high-quality auto loans, both for CAF and for the third-party financing providers. Generally, CAF has provided us the opportunity to capture additional profits and cash flows from auto loan receivables while managing our reliance on third-party financing sources.
CAF provides financing for qualified customers at competitive market rates of interest. The majority of CAF income has typically been generated by the spread between the interest rates charged to customers and the related funding cost. Substantially all of the loans originated by CAF are funded through securitization transactions.
As described in the Critical Accounting Policies section of this MD&A, as of March 1, 2010, we adopted ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 on a prospective basis. Beginning in fiscal 2011, CAF income no longer includes a gain on the sale of loans through securitization transactions, but instead primarily reflects the interest and certain other income associated with the auto loan receivables less the interest expense associated with the non-recourse notes payable issued to fund these receivables, direct CAF expenses and a provision for estimated loan losses.
COMPONENTS OF CAF INCOME
|
|
Three Months Ended November 30
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
Managed portfolio income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and fee income
|
|
$ |
106.8 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
$ |
314.1 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Servicing fee income
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
10.6 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
31.4 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
Interest income on retained
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
interest in securitized receivables
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
17.6 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
50.4 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
Total managed portfolio income
|
|
|
106.8 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
28.2 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
316.6 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
81.8 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sales of loans originated and sold (2)
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
17.0 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
54.7 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
Other gains
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
31.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
12.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total gain
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
48.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
67.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
103.4 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Provision for loan losses
|
|
|
8.6 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
― |
|
|
|
― |
|
Payroll and fringe benefit expense
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
15.4 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
Other direct CAF expenses
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
17.8 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
17.7 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
Total expenses
|
|
|
52.9 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
155.1 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
CarMax Auto Finance income
|
|
$ |
55.7 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
$ |
65.8 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
$ |
165.8 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
|
|
$ |
116.3 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total average managed receivables,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
principal only
|
|
$ |
4,285.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,083.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,204.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,043.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loans originated
|
|
$ |
500.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
467.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,637.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,414.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
Loans originated and sold
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
474.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,410.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Percent columns indicate:
(1)
|
Annualized percent of total average managed receivables, principal only, except where noted.
|
(2)
|
Percent of loans originated and sold.
|
CAF income does not include any allocation of indirect costs or income. We present this information on a direct basis to avoid making arbitrary decisions regarding the indirect benefits or costs that could be attributed to CAF. Examples of indirect costs not included are retail store expenses and corporate expenses such as human resources, administrative services, marketing, information systems, accounting, legal, treasury and executive payroll.
Fiscal 2011. CAF reported income of $55.7 million in the third quarter and $165.8 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2011. The profits in both periods were driven largely by the spread between interest and fee income charged to consumers and our funding costs. CAF income for the nine-month period also reflected favorability in our provision for loan losses.
NET INTEREST INCOME
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
% |
(1) |
Interest and fee income
|
|
$ |
106.8 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
$ |
314.1 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(33.0 |
) |
|
|
(3.1 |
) |
|
|
(103.4 |
) |
|
|
(3.3 |
) |
Net interest income
|
|
|
73.8 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
210.7 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
|
Provision for loan losses
|
|
|
(8.6 |
) |
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
(18.5 |
) |
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
|
|
$ |
65.2 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
$ |
192.2 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
$ |
4,285.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,204.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Annualized percent of total average managed receivables, principal only.
|
Net interest income before the provision for loan losses, which reflects the spread between the interest charged to consumers and our funding costs, was 6.9% of total average managed receivables, principal only, in the third quarter and 6.7% in the first nine months of the fiscal year. This spread was favorably impacted by the following factors:
·
|
Over the last several quarters the spread between the interest rates charged to customers and our related cost of funds has remained wide relative to historical averages. This has been driven primarily by a reduction in the benchmark rates and the improvements in the asset-backed securities market.
|
·
|
We typically use interest rate swaps to hedge our interest rate risk while the receivables are in the warehouse facilities and unwind these swaps when the receivables are refinanced in a term securitization. Prior to March 1, 2010, these interest rate swaps were not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. As a result, substantially all of the changes in the fair value of derivatives were offset by the changes in fair value of our retained interest in the related securitized receivables, which were also recorded in CAF income. Beginning in fiscal 2011, the interest expense associated with receivables originated prior to March 1, 2010, does not include amortization of the cost associated with hedge unwinds.
|
·
|
Prior to March 1, 2010, certain securitization costs such as underwriting, rating agency fees and legal expenses were expensed at the time of the securitizations. Under the new accounting pronouncements adopted March 1, 2010, these costs are being capitalized and amortized over the term of the related securitizations.
|
Additionally, as noted below, in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 the provision for loan losses benefited from lower-than-anticipated net charge-offs and favorable adjustments to the allowance for loan losses.
Servicing fee income and interest income on retained interest in securitized receivables were related to receivables securitized through the warehouse facility prior to March 1, 2010. Other gains in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 primarily reflected favorable derivative valuations.
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
November 30, 2010
|
|
|
November 30, 2010
|
|
Balance as of beginning of period
|
|
$ |
46.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
58.6 |
|
|
|
|
Net charge-offs (1)
|
|
|
(13.0 |
) |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
(34.9 |
) |
|
|
1.1 |
% |
Provision for loan losses (1)
|
|
|
8.6 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
Balance as of end of period (2)
|
|
$ |
42.2 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
$ |
42.2 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
$ |
4,285.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,204.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ending managed receivables
|
|
$ |
4,288.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,288.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Percent columns indicate:
(1)
|
Annualized percent of total average managed receivables, principal only.
|
(2)
|
Percent of ending managed receivables.
|
The allowance for loan losses represents an estimate as of the applicable reporting date of the net losses in the loan portfolio anticipated to occur during the following 12 months. The allowance is primarily based on the credit quality of the underlying receivables, historical loss trends and forecasted forward loss curves. We also take into account recent trends in delinquencies and losses, recovery rates and the underlying economic environment. The provision for loan losses is the periodic cost of maintaining an adequate allowance. The allowance for loan losses as of March 1, 2010, was established in connection with the adoption of ASU No. 2009-16.
The decrease in the allowance from $58.6 million, or 1.4% of ending managed receivables, as of March 1, 2010, to $42.2 million, or 1.0% of ending managed receivables, as of November 30, 2010, reflected favorable trends in net charge-offs, the record high recovery rate relative to historical norms and the credit profile of new loan originations, which benefited from CAF’s tightening of lending standards beginning in fiscal 2010. In the first quarter of fiscal 2011, net charge-offs were significantly lower than both our original projections and prior year trends. As a result, we reduced our estimate of future loan losses on our existing portfolio of managed receivables. The lower-than-expected losses and the resulting adjustment to the provision for loan losses related to future periods favorably affected our net income for the first quarter and the first nine months of fiscal 2011 by approximately $0.03 per share versus our expectations.
PAST DUE ACCOUNT INFORMATION
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Ending managed receivables
|
|
$ |
4,288.1 |
|
|
$ |
4,097.4 |
|
|
$ |
4,112.7 |
|
|
$ |
3,986.7 |
|
Accounts 31+ days past due
|
|
$ |
148.5 |
|
|
$ |
166.5 |
|
|
$ |
133.2 |
|
|
$ |
118.1 |
|
Past due accounts as a percentage of ending managed receivables
|
|
|
3.46 |
% |
|
|
4.06 |
% |
|
|
3.24 |
% |
|
|
2.96 |
% |
CREDIT LOSS INFORMATION
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
|
November 30
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Net credit losses on managed receivables
|
|
$ |
13.0 |
|
|
$ |
20.4 |
|
|
$ |
34.9 |
|
|
$ |
51.8 |
|
Total average managed receivables, principal only
|
|
$ |
4,285.3 |
|
|
$ |
4,083.6 |
|
|
$ |
4,204.6 |
|
|
$ |
4,043.2 |
|
Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of total average managed receivables,
principal only
|
|
|
1.21 |
% |
|
|
2.00 |
% |
|
|
1.11 |
% |
|
|
1.71 |
% |
Average recovery rate
|
|
|
53.9 |
% |
|
|
50.2 |
% |
|
|
54.5 |
% |
|
|
49.4 |
% |
Compared with the corresponding prior year periods, we experienced improvements in both past due accounts as a percentage of ending managed receivables and annualized net credit losses as a percentage of total average managed receivables, principal only, in both the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2011. We believe the improvements were the result of several factors including our credit tightening implemented in fiscal 2010, the strong recovery rates and general industry trends for losses and delinquencies.
The average recovery rate represents the average percentage of the outstanding principal balance we receive when a vehicle is repossessed and liquidated at wholesale auction. Historically, the annual recovery rate has ranged from a low of 42% to a high of 51%, and it is primarily affected by changes in the wholesale market pricing environment.
Fiscal 2010. Prior to March 1, 2010, securitization transactions were accounted for as sales. A gain, recorded at the time of securitization, resulted from recording a receivable approximately equal to the present value of the expected residual cash flows generated by the securitized receivables. The gain on sales of loans originated and sold included both the gain income recorded at the time of securitization and the effect of any subsequent changes in valuation assumptions or funding costs that were incurred in the same fiscal period that the loans were originated. Other losses included the effects of changes in valuation assumptions or funding costs related to loans originated and sold during previous fiscal periods. In addition, other losses included the effects of new term securitizations, changes in the valuation of retained subordinated bonds and the repurchase and resale of receivables in existing term securitizations, as applicable. Other income consisted of servicing fee income on securitized receivables and interest income. Interest income included the effective yield on the retained interest, as well as interest income earned on retained subordinated bonds.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2010, CAF income was $65.8 million, including favorable adjustments totaling $31.6 million related to loans originated in previous fiscal periods. These adjustments included:
·
|
$17.6 million of favorable mark-to-market adjustments on retained subordinated bonds.
|
·
|
An $11.9 million benefit related to more favorable funding costs for the $600.0 million of auto loan receivables that were refinanced in a term securitization during the third quarter of fiscal 2010.
|
·
|
$2.1 million of other net favorable adjustments, including modest decreases in prepayment rate assumptions on select pools of loans.
|
In the first nine months of fiscal 2010, CAF income was $116.3 million, including net favorable adjustments totaling $12.6 million related to loans originated in previous fiscal periods. These adjustments included:
·
|
$58.4 million of favorable mark-to-market adjustments on retained subordinated bonds.
|
·
|
A $57.1 million reduction related to increases in funding costs for the $1.22 billion of auto loan receivables that were funded in the warehouse facility at the start of fiscal 2010.
|
·
|
$11.3 million of other net favorable adjustments primarily related to decreases in prepayment rate assumptions.
|
Excluding these adjustments, CAF income was $34.2 million in the third quarter and $103.6 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2010. CAF’s gain on sales of loans originated and sold was $17.0 million, or 3.6% of loans originated and sold, in the third quarter of fiscal 2010 and $54.7 million, or 3.9% of loans originated and sold, in the first nine months of fiscal 2010.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses increased 14% to $219.7 million from $192.1 million in the prior year’s third quarter, compared with the 23% increase in total revenues. The increase in SG&A primarily reflected increases in sales commissions and other variable costs associated with the growth in unit sales, and higher advertising expense. As sales trends have improved, we have targeted higher levels of advertising expenses. The SG&A ratio improved to 10.4% in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 compared with 11.1% in the prior year quarter, reflecting the leverage associated with the increases in both unit sales and average selling prices.
For the first nine months of the fiscal year, SG&A expenses increased 9% to $671.6 million from $616.5 million in the prior year period, compared with the 19% increase in total revenues. The increase in SG&A in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 reflected increases in sales commissions and other variable costs associated with the growth in unit sales, higher advertising expense and an increase in various costs associated with the resumption of store growth. In addition, SG&A in the first nine months of the prior year was reduced by a litigation benefit totaling $0.02 per share. The SG&A ratio improved to 10.0% in the first nine months of fiscal 2011 compared with 10.9% in the prior year period, reflecting the leverage associated with the increases in both unit sales and average selling prices.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax rate was 38.2% in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 compared with 35.6% in the third quarter of fiscal 2010. For the first nine months of the year, the effective tax rate was 38.4% in fiscal 2011 compared with 37.6% in fiscal 2010. Income tax expense in the third quarter of fiscal 2010 was reduced by the favorable settlement of prior year tax audits, benefiting the effective tax rate for both the quarter and the nine-month period.
OPERATIONS OUTLOOK
Planned Superstore Openings. During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, we opened one used car superstore, entering the Augusta, Georgia, market. During the second quarter, we opened the two remaining new stores planned for fiscal 2011, in Cincinnati and Dayton, Ohio. All three of these stores were constructed in fiscal 2009, but we chose not to open them until market conditions improved. We currently plan to open five stores in fiscal 2012 and between five and ten stores in fiscal 2013.
Stores planned to be opened within 12 months from November 30, 2010, include:
|
Television Market
|
Market Status
|
Planned Opening Date
|
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
|
Baton Rouge
|
New
|
Q1 fiscal 2012
|
Lexington, Kentucky
|
Lexington
|
New
|
Q1 fiscal 2012
|
Escondido, California
|
San Diego
|
Existing
|
Q2 fiscal 2012
|
North Attleborough, Massachusetts
|
Providence
|
New
|
Q3 fiscal 2012
|
Normal construction, permitting or other scheduling delays could shift the opening dates of any stores into a later period.
Capital Expenditures. We currently estimate gross capital expenditures will total approximately $70 million in fiscal 2011. Compared with the $22.4 million of capital spending in fiscal 2010, the increase in planned fiscal 2011 expenditures reflects real estate acquisitions and construction costs associated with the resumption of store growth, as well as information technology and reconditioning equipment upgrades.
Fiscal 2011 Expectations. At the beginning of fiscal 2011, we provided one-time guidance on CAF income in order to assist investors with the transition in the securitization accounting rules. However, we will neither be providing nor updating this guidance on a going-forward basis, as is consistent with our current earnings guidance practice.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and Capital Resources. The combined effects of the adoption of ASU Nos. 2009-16 and 2009-17 and the March 1, 2010, amendment to our existing warehouse facility agreement represent non-cash transactions, and thus the reported cash flow information for the first nine months of fiscal 2011 takes into account the effect of these and other related reclassifications and adjustments.
Operating Activities. In the first nine months of the fiscal year, $22.5 million of cash was used in operating activities in fiscal 2011, while $56.5 million of cash was provided by operating activities in fiscal 2010. In the current year period, a $249.4 million increase in auto loan receivables more than offset the net cash generated by all other operating activities, resulting in the net use of cash. The increase in auto loan receivables primarily reflects the amount that CAF net loan originations exceeded loan repayments during the period. CAF auto loan receivables are funded through securitization transactions. As a result, the majority of the increases in auto loan receivables are accompanied by increases in non-recourse notes payable, which are reflected as cash provided by financing activities and not included in cash from operations.
The retained interest in securitized receivables declined by $43.7 million during the first nine months of fiscal 2011 compared with an increase of $173.0 million during the first nine months of fiscal 2010. In May 2010, we repurchased the remaining portion of the receivables that were funded in the existing warehouse facility as of March 1, 2010, and we resecuritized them through our second warehouse facility established in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. As a result, the retained interest related to these receivables was either eliminated or reclassified. The increase in fiscal 2010 was primarily the result of our retaining subordinated bonds in the April 2009 term securitization. In conjunction with the change in accounting for securitized receivables, as of March 1, 2010, we consolidated the auto loan receivables, net of an allowance for loan losses, on our consolidated balance sheets. The net auto loan receivables increased by $249.4 million during the first nine months of fiscal 2011, reflecting the combination of an increase in managed receivables during this period and the reclassification of amounts previously included in the retained interest in securitized receivables.
As of November 30, 2010, total inventory was $1.0 billion, representing an increase of $159.8 million, or 19%, compared with the balance at the start of the fiscal year. This reflected a 19% increase in used vehicle units in inventory compared with February 28, 2010, which included additional units to support the 9% comparable store used unit sales growth in the first nine months of the fiscal year, as well as the three stores opened in May and June 2010. In addition, we increased our used vehicle inventories in November 2010 to position ourselves to take advantage of the seasonal lift in sales that has traditionally occurred in the fourth quarter. This was our annual practice prior to the recession; however, we were hesitant to do so in the last two years due to the more uncertain sales environment. As of November 30, 2009, total inventory was $751.3 million, representing an increase of $48.1 million, or 7%, compared with the balance at the start of that fiscal year. This increase in inventory primarily reflected the rise in vehicle acquisition costs resulting from the appreciation in wholesale vehicle values during the first nine months of the year, as well as a 2% increase in used vehicle units in inventory compared with February 28, 2009.
We utilize derivative instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the values of which are determined by interest rates. Prior to March 1, 2010, no derivative instruments were designated as accounting hedges, as we believed this treatment was best aligned with our use of gain-on-sale accounting. In conjunction with the adoption of the new accounting for securitized receivables as of the beginning of fiscal 2011, we have begun to enter into derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, as we believe this treatment is better aligned with our current accounting policies.
Investing Activities. In the first nine months of the fiscal year, $37.6 million of cash was used in investing activities in fiscal 2011 compared with $17.8 million in fiscal 2010. Capital expenditures in both periods were modest, reflecting the temporary suspension of store growth between December 2008 and the start of fiscal 2011. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2011 included the purchase of two existing used car superstores that previously were leased. We incurred no material capital expenditures in fiscal 2011 related to the three stores opened in May and June 2010, as these stores were originally constructed in fiscal 2009. In the first nine months of fiscal 2011, cash used in investing activities included a net increase in various restricted cash balances of $3.1 million.
Historically, capital expenditures have been funded with internally generated funds, debt and sale-leaseback transactions. As of November 30, 2010, we owned 46 superstores currently in operation and our home office in Richmond, Virginia.
Financing Activities. During the first nine months of the fiscal year, $116.2 million of net cash was provided by financing activities in fiscal 2011, while $164.0 million of net cash was used in financing activities in fiscal 2010. In fiscal 2011, net cash provided by financing activities included a $199.3 million net increase in total non-recourse notes payable, partially offset by a $122.4 million net reduction in outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and capitalized leases. The increase in non-recourse notes payable resulted from the increase in securitized auto loan receivables. In fiscal 2010, net cash used in financing activities included a $190.1 million net reduction in outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and capitalized leases.
TOTAL DEBT AND CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
|
As of November 30
|
|
|
As of February 28
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Non-recourse notes payable
|
|
$ |
4,025.7 |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
|
$ |
― |
|
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
118.7 |
|
|
|
122.5 |
|
|
|
308.5 |
|
Obligations under capital leases
|
|
|
29.3 |
|
|
|
28.2 |
|
|
|
28.1 |
|
|
|
28.6 |
|
Total debt
|
|
$ |
4,055.7 |
|
|
$ |
146.9 |
|
|
$ |
150.6 |
|
|
$ |
337.0 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
74.4 |
|
|
$ |
15.2 |
|
|
$ |
18.3 |
|
|
$ |
140.6 |
|
As of November 30, 2010, we had total debt of $4.06 billion, consisting of $0.7 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility, $29.3 million of capitalized leases and $4.03 billion of non-recourse notes payable issued in connection with the securitized auto loan receivables. Our securitizations are structured to legally isolate the auto loan receivables, and we would not expect to be able to access the assets of our securitization vehicles, even in insolvency, receivership or conservatorship proceedings. Similarly, the investors in the non-recourse notes payable have no recourse to our assets beyond the securitized receivables, the amounts on deposit in reserve accounts and the restricted cash from collections on auto loan receivables. We do, however, continue to have the rights associated with our retained interests in these securitization vehicles.
Starting in the second half of fiscal 2009, and continuing through the first half of fiscal 2010, we believed it was prudent to maintain a cash balance in excess of our operating requirements due to the unprecedented conditions in the credit markets. Cash and cash equivalents as of February 28, 2009, reflected this decision.
We have a $700 million revolving credit facility, which expires in December 2011 and is secured by vehicle inventory. Borrowings under this credit facility are limited to 80% of qualifying inventory, and they are available for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of November 30, 2010, $0.7 million of short-term debt was outstanding under the credit facility and the remaining capacity was fully available to us. During the first nine months of fiscal 2011, excess cash flows were used to pay down this facility and to build a modest cash balance.
As of November 30, 2010, the combined warehouse facility limit was $1.6 billion. At that date, $542.0 million of auto loan receivables were funded in the warehouse facilities and unused warehouse capacity totaled $1.06 billion. During the first quarter of fiscal 2011, we entered into a second warehouse facility in order to stagger the warehouse facility renewal dates, reduce risk and provide greater flexibility. During the second quarter of fiscal 2011, we renewed our $800 million warehouse facility that was scheduled to expire in August 2010 for an additional 364-day term, and we increased the capacity of our second warehouse facility by $400 million. As of November 30, 2010, $800 million of the warehouse facility limit will expire in February 2011 and $800 million will expire in August 2011. We anticipate that we will be able to enter into new, or renew or expand existing, funding arrangements to meet CAF’s future funding needs. However, based on conditions in the credit markets, the cost for these arrangements could be materially higher than historical levels and the timing and capacity of these transactions could be dictated by market availability rather than our requirements. Notes 4 and 9 include additional information on the warehouse facilities.
We expect that cash generated by operations and proceeds from securitization transactions or other funding arrangements, sale-leaseback transactions and borrowings under existing, new or expanded credit facilities will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures and working capital for the foreseeable future.
Fair Value Measurements. We report money market securities, retained interest in securitized receivables and derivative instruments at fair value. See Note 6 for more information on fair value measurements.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We caution readers that the statements contained in this report about our future business plans, operations, opportunities, or prospects, including without limitation any statements or factors regarding expected sales, margins or earnings, are forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based upon management’s current knowledge and assumptions about future events and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from anticipated results. We disclaim any intent or obligation to update these statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements are the following:
§
|
Changes in general U.S. or regional U.S. economic conditions.
|
§
|
Changes in the availability or cost of capital and working capital financing, including the availability and cost of financing auto loan receivables.
|
§
|
Changes in consumer credit availability related to our third-party financing providers.
|
§
|
Changes in the competitive landscape within our industry.
|
§
|
Significant changes in retail prices for used or new vehicles.
|
§
|
A reduction in the availability of or access to sources of inventory.
|
§
|
Factors related to the regulatory and legislative environment in which we operate.
|
§
|
The loss of key employees from our store, regional and corporate management teams.
|
§
|
The failure of key information systems.
|
§
|
The effect of new accounting requirements or changes to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
|
§
|
Security breaches or other events that result in the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential customer information.
|
§
|
Factors related to geographic growth, including the inability to acquire or lease suitable real estate at favorable terms or to effectively manage our growth.
|
§
|
The effect of various litigation matters.
|
§
|
Adverse conditions affecting one or more automotive manufacturers.
|
§
|
The occurrence of severe weather events.
|
§
|
Factors related to seasonal fluctuations in our business.
|
§
|
Factors related to the geographic concentration of our superstores.
|
For more details on factors that could affect expectations, see Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” on page 41 of this report, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2010, and our quarterly or current reports as filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our filings are publicly available on our investor information home page at investor.carmax.com. Requests for information may also be made to our Investor Relations Department by email to investor_relations@carmax.com or by calling 1-804-747-0422, ext. 4287.
Item 3.
|
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
|
There have been no material changes to our market risk since February 28, 2010. For information on our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 28, 2010.
Item 4.
|
Controls and Procedures
|
Disclosure. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that this information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer (“CEO”) and the chief financial officer (“CFO”), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period.
Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended November 30, 2010, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
|
Legal Proceedings
|
On April 2, 2008, Mr. John Fowler filed a putative class action lawsuit against CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC and CarMax Auto Superstores West Coast, Inc. in the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles. Subsequently, two other lawsuits, Leena Areso et al. v. CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC and Justin Weaver v. CarMax Auto Superstores California, LLC, were consolidated as part of the Fowler case. The allegations in the consolidated case involved: (1) failure to provide meal and rest breaks or compensation in lieu thereof; (2) failure to pay wages of terminated or resigned employees related to meal and rest breaks and overtime; (3) failure to pay overtime; (4) failure to comply with itemized employee wage statement provisions; and (5) unfair competition. The putative class consisted of sales consultants, sales managers, and other hourly employees who worked for the company in California from April 2, 2004, to the present. On May 12, 2009, the court dismissed all of the class claims with respect to the sales manager putative class. On June 16, 2009, the court dismissed all claims related to the failure to comply with the itemized employee wage statement provisions. The court also granted CarMax's motion for summary adjudication with regard to CarMax's alleged failure to pay overtime to the sales consultant putative class. The plaintiffs have appealed the court's ruling regarding the sales consultant overtime claim. In addition to the plaintiffs' appeal of the overtime claim, the claims currently remaining in the lawsuit regarding the sales consultant putative class are: (1) failure to provide meal and rest breaks or compensation in lieu thereof; (2) failure to pay wages of terminated or resigned employees related to meal and rest breaks; and (3) unfair competition. On June 16, 2009, the court entered a stay of these claims pending the outcome of a California Supreme Court case involving related legal issues. The lawsuit seeks compensatory and special damages, wages, interest, civil and statutory penalties, restitution, injunctive relief and the recovery of attorneys’ fees. We are unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of loss that could result from an unfavorable outcome in these matters.
We are involved in various other legal proceedings in the normal course of business. Based upon our evaluation of information currently available, we believe that the ultimate resolution of any such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect, either individually or in the aggregate, on our financial condition or results of operations.
In connection with information set forth in this Form 10-Q, the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for fiscal year ended February 28, 2010, should be considered. These risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. There have been no material changes to the factors discussed in our Form 10-K.
Item 5.
|
Other Information
|
On October 18, 2010, the company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved amendments to the company’s Bylaws, as amended and restated (the “Bylaws”), and made changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Board. As a result of these changes, nominations of candidates to be elected as directors at an annual shareholders’ meeting must be received by the secretary of the company not later than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth day and not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred fiftieth day prior to the first anniversary of the date that the company mailed its proxy materials for the prior year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that if the date of the annual meeting has changed by more than 30 days from the prior year, notice must be received a reasonable time before the corporation mails its proxy materials, which time shall be not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the corporation.
The full text of the changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Board is set forth in our Bylaws, as amended and restated October 18, 2010, which are attached as Exhibit 3.1 to the company’s current report on Form 8-K filed October 22, 2010.
As a result of these changes, notices from shareholders of nominations of candidates to be elected as directors at the company’s 2011 annual meeting must be received by the secretary of the company not later than the close of business on January 14, 2011, and not earlier than the close of business on December 15, 2010.
10.1
|
Severance Agreement between CarMax, Inc. and Thomas W. Reedy, filed herewith. *
|
31.1
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), filed herewith.
|
31.2
|
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), filed herewith.
|
32.1
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, filed herewith.
|
32.2
|
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, filed herewith.
|
101.INS (1)
|
XBRL Instance Document
|
101.SCH (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
|
101.CAL (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
|
101.DEF (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
|
101.LAB (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
|
101.PRE (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
|
* Indicates management contracts, compensatory plans or arrangements of the company required to be filed as an exhibit.
(1)
|
In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and is otherwise not subject to liability under those sections.
|
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
CARMAX, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Thomas J. Folliard
|
|
|
Thomas J. Folliard
|
|
|
President and
|
|
|
Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Thomas W. Reedy
|
|
|
Thomas W. Reedy
|
|
|
Senior Vice President and
|
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
January 7, 2011
EXHIBIT INDEX
10.1
|
Severance Agreement between CarMax, Inc. and Thomas W. Reedy, filed herewith. *
|
31.1
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), filed herewith.
|
31.2
|
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), filed herewith.
|
32.1
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, filed herewith.
|
32.2
|
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, filed herewith.
|
101.INS (1)
|
XBRL Instance Document
|
101.SCH (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
|
101.CAL (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
|
101.DEF (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
|
101.LAB (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
|
101.PRE (1)
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
|
* Indicates management contracts, compensatory plans or arrangements of the company required to be filed as an exhibit.
(1)
|
In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and is otherwise not subject to liability under those sections.
|