UNITED STATES |
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Current Report
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Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): April 16, 2002 |
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CATERPILLAR
INC.
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Delaware
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1-768
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37-0602744 |
100 NE Adams Street, Peoria, Illinois
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61629 |
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (309) 675-1000 |
Item 5. Other Events and Regulation FD
Disclosure.
The following consists of Caterpillar
Inc.'s First-Quarter Results released on April 16, 2002. The furnishing of
these materials is not intended to constitute a representation that such furnishing is
required by Regulation FD or that the materials include material investor information that
is not otherwise publicly available. In addition, the Registrant does not assume any
obligation to update such information in the future.
Caterpillar Inc.
April 16, 2002
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Caterpillar achieves profit
of 23 cents per share;
reaffirms sales and revenues, profit forecast for full year
PEORIA, Ill. - - Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE: CAT) today reported first-quarter 2002 sales and
revenues of $4.41 billion and profit of $80 million or 23 cents per share.
"These results are in line with our expectations for a slower first half of the
year and demonstrate our ability to perform well, even when many of the major industries
we serve continue to be depressed," said Caterpillar Chairman and CEO Glen
Barton. "The diversity of our products and services allowed us to achieve
solid profitability despite a significant drop in sales to the electric power generation
and coal mining sectors."
Sales and revenues of $4.41 billion compared with $4.81 billion in the first quarter of
2001. Sales for the quarter were higher in Asia/Pacific and Latin America,
partially offsetting declines in North America and Europe, Africa and the Middle
East. North American truck and bus engine sales rebounded substantially from low
levels, helping offset declines in mining, general construction and electric power
generation. Caterpillar's Financial Products Division continued its strong
performance.
Profit was $80 million or 23 cents per share compared with $162 million or 47 cents per
share in the first quarter 2001. Company profit declined primarily because of lower sales of larger machines and engines and related
manufacturing inefficiencies.
"We remain confident that sales and revenues will be about the
same as last year, aided by improving global business conditions in the second half of the
year," Barton said. "We expect profit to be up slightly for the
full year, reflecting continued efforts to aggressively improve our cost structure, aided
by the global success of 6 Sigma projects. In addition, the diversity of our products and
services, our worldwide presence, and low dealer inventory levels put us in an excellent
position to perform well once the economic recovery takes hold."
1
For more than 75 years, Caterpillar has been
building the world's infrastructure and, in partnership with our independent dealers, is
driving positive and sustainable change on every continent. Caterpillar is the
world's largest maker of construction and mining equipment, diesel and natural
gas engines and industrial gas turbines. The company is a technology leader in
construction, transportation, mining, forestry, energy, logistics, financing and electric
power generation. More information is available at http://www.CAT.com/.
DETAILED
ANALYSIS
FIRST-QUARTER 2002 COMPARED WITH FIRST-QUARTER 2001
First-quarter 2002 sales and revenues were $4.41 billion with profit of $80 million or 23 cents per share. This compares with sales and revenues of $4.81 billion and profit of $162 million or 47 cents per share in the first quarter 2001.
MACHINERY AND ENGINES
Sales |
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(Millions of dollars) |
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North |
|
Latin |
Asia/ |
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First-Quarter 2002 | |||||||||||||||
Machinery | $ | 2,671 | $ | 1,479 | $ | $663 | $ | 219 | $ | 310 | |||||
Engines ** | 1,373 | 614 | 418 | 146 | 195 | ||||||||||
$ | 4,044 | $ | 2,093 | $ | $1,081 | $ | 365 | $ | 505 | ||||||
First-Quarter 2001 | |||||||||||||||
Machinery | $ | 2,961 | $ | 1,673 | $ | $823 | $ | 191 | $ | 274 | |||||
Engines ** | 1,500 | 844 | 391 | 116 | 149 | ||||||||||
$ | 4,461 | $ | 2,517 | $ | $1,214 | $ | 307 | $ | 423 | ||||||
*
Europe, Africa & Middle East and Commonwealth of Independent States |
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** Does not include internal engine transfers of $309 million and $310 million in first-quarter 2002 and first-quarter 2001, respectively. Internal engine transfers are valued at prices comparable to those for unrelated parties. |
2
Machinery sales were
$2.67 billion, a decrease of $290 million or 10 percent from first-quarter 2001.
Physical sales volume decreased 11 percent from a year ago as sales gains in Asia/Pacific
and Latin America were more than offset by lower sales in North America and EAME.
Sales in Asia/Pacific and Latin America were higher compared to first-quarter 2001 due to
the impact of changes in dealer inventory. Sales decreased in North America and EAME
due to lower dealer sales to most industry sectors, especially larger machines into
mining, and a slower pace of seasonal inventory growth by dealers compared to one year
ago.
Engine sales were $1.37 billion, a decline of
$127 million or 8 percent from first-quarter 2001. Physical sales volume declined 7
percent. Higher sales in EAME, Latin America and Asia/Pacific were more than offset by
lower sales in North America, as dealers reduced inventory reflecting lower industry
demand in electric power generation.
Operating Profit / (Loss) |
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(Millions of dollars) |
First-Quarter |
First-Quarter |
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Machinery | $ | 121 | $ | 215 | ||||
Engines | (14) | 63 | ||||||
$ | 107 | $ | 278 | |||||
Caterpillar operations are highly integrated; therefore, the company uses a number of allocations to determine lines of business operating profit. |
Machinery operating profit
decreased $94 million, or 44 percent
from first-quarter 2001 primarily due to the lower physical sales volume of larger
machines and related manufacturing inefficiencies.
Engine operating profit decreased $77 million from first quarter 2001 primarily due
to the lower physical volume of large reciprocating engines and related manufacturing
inefficiencies, as well as lower price realization due to competitive pressures in North
America.
Interest expense was $9 million lower than a year ago.
Other income/expense was expense of $7 million compared to expense of $48 million
last year. The favorable change was mostly due to lower cost of financing trade
receivables and lower foreign exchange losses in the first-quarter 2002.
3
FINANCIAL PRODUCTS
Revenues for the first quarter were $402 million, down $3 million or 1 percent
compared with first-quarter 2001. The favorable impact of the continued portfolio
growth at Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation (Cat Financial)
and an increase in extended service contract premiums at
Caterpillar Insurance Holdings Inc. (Cat Insurance) were more than offset by the impact of
generally lower interest rates on Cat Financial revenues.
Before tax profit was $90 million, up $7 million or 8 percent from the first quarter a
year ago. The increase in profit was due to a better spread on the portfolio at Cat
Financial and higher underwriting income at Cat Insurance. The increases were
partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses at Cat Financial.
INCOME TAXES
First-quarter tax expense reflects an estimated annual tax rate of 30 percent for 2002
and 32 percent for 2001.
UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATED COMPANIES
The company's share of unconsolidated affiliated companies' results decreased $7
million from first quarter a year ago, primarily due to losses at Caterpillar Claas
America.
OUTLOOK
We expect full-year 2002 sales and revenues to be about flat with 2001.
Full-year profit is projected to be up slightly in 2002, excluding nonrecurring charges
recorded in 2001 for the sale of the Challenger agricultural tractor line, plant closing
and consolidations and costs for planned employment reductions. (Complete outlook
begins on page 7).
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Dealer Machine Sales to End Users and Deliveries to Dealer Rental Operations
Worldwide dealer machine sales (including both sales
to end users and deliveries to dealer rental operations) in the first-quarter 2002 were
lower than a year ago. Sales declined in North America, EAME and Latin
America. Sales in Asia/Pacific remained near year-earlier levels.
In North America, higher sales to the waste sector and unchanged sales to the industrial
and forestry sectors were more than offset by declines into general construction, heavy
construction, quarry & aggregates, agriculture and mining.
Sales declined in EAME due to lower demand from the mining, general construction,
agriculture, waste, forestry and industrial sectors. Sales into quarry &
aggregates and heavy construction were flat.
4
In Asia/Pacific, higher sales
into heavy construction, general construction, waste, industrial and agriculture offset
lower sales into mining, quarry & aggregates and forestry.
In Latin America, sales increases to the forestry and industrial sectors were more than
offset by lower sales into mining, general construction, heavy construction, agriculture,
quarry & aggregates and waste.
Dealer Inventories of New
Machines
Worldwide dealer new machine inventories at the end of the first quarter were lower
than a year ago. Declines in North America and EAME more than offset increases in
Latin America, while inventories in Asia/Pacific were flat. Inventories compared to
current selling rates were lower than year-earlier levels in North America, EAME and Latin
America and remained at the same level as last year in Asia/Pacific.
Engine Sales to End Users and OEMs
Worldwide engine sales to end users and OEMs were flat compared to the first quarter
of 2001. Sales increases in Asia/Pacific and Latin America were offset by declines
in North America and EAME.
In North America, increased demand for engines used in marine and on-highway applications
was more than offset by weaker demand from the industrial, petroleum and electric power
applications.
In EAME, demand for engines used in petroleum applications rose sharply in the first
quarter of 2002 but overall sales declined as demand for engines used in industrial,
marine, and electric power applications weakened compared to first quarter 2001.
In Asia/Pacific, increases in petroleum applications more than offset reduced demand in
other engine applications.
Robust sales gains occurred in Latin America as Caterpillar dealers shipped heavily into
Brazil to help meet electric power shortages caused by hydroelectric production
shortfalls; in addition, engine demand from petroleum more than doubled from first quarter
last year.
EMPLOYMENT
At the end of first-quarter 2002, Caterpillar's worldwide employment was 71,843
compared with 69,388 one year ago. Acquisitions have added 1,825 since first-quarter
2001.
5
CONDENSED CASH FLOW
Net free cash flow (profit after
tax adjusted for depreciation, changes in working capital and other noncash items, capital
expenditures, and dividends) for Machinery and Engines was negative $335 million
through the first quarter of 2002, a decrease of $197 million from 2001. This
decrease was primarily due to lower profit after tax and an increase in working capital.
For the Twelve Months Ended | Consolidated |
Machinery & |
Financial Products |
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(Millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
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Profit after tax | $80 | $162 | $80 | $162 | $58 | $54 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 296 | 289 | 201 | 215 | 95 | 74 | ||||||
Change in working capital; and Other | (273) | (135) | (374) | (242) | 40 | 72 | ||||||
Capital expenditures excluding equipment leased to others | (152) | (156) | (145) | (152) | (7) | (4) | ||||||
Expenditures for equipment leased to others, net of disposals | (111) | (86) | 23 | (4) | (134) | (82) | ||||||
Dividends paid | (120) | (117) | (120) | (117) | - | (5) | ||||||
Net Free Cash Flow | (280) | (43) | (335) | (138) | 52 | 109 | ||||||
Other significant cash flow items: | ||||||||||||
Treasury shares purchased | - | (19) | - | (19) | - | - | ||||||
Net (increase) decrease in long-term finance receivables | (135) | (623) | - | - | (135) | (623) | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in debt | 619 | 1,019 | 242 | 123 | 377 | 896 | ||||||
Investments and acquisitions - (net of cash acquired) | (262) | (378) | (15) | (95) | (247) | (283) | ||||||
Other | (40) | (43) | 23 | 59 | (60) | (116) | ||||||
Change in cash and short-term Investments | $(98) | $(87) | $(85) | $(70) | $(13) | $(17) | ||||||
* Represents Caterpillar Inc. and its subsidiaries with Financial
Products accounted for on the equity basis. |
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Note: "Change in working capital; and Other"; excludes changes in cash, debt and dividends payable. Also, due to the acquisition and consolidation of new companies, certain amounts have been removed from "Change in working capital; and Other"; and "Capital expenditures excluding equipment leased to others" and included in "Investments and acquisitions" or "Other". |
6
OUTLOOK
Summary
World economic growth prospects showed clear signs of improvement in the first quarter of
2002. Spending and production increased at good rates in North America as a recovery
began in the United States. In addition, a range of European leading indicators are
beginning to signal an economic recovery in Europe in the second half of 2002. As a
result, we continue to anticipate improving global business conditions in the second half
of the year, led initially by a recovery in North America and followed by a recovery in
Europe.
However, even with this growth scenario, most industrial markets are building from very
low levels of capacity utilization. As a result, corporate profits - - and
related capital equipment outlays -- are not expected to see meaningful growth until the
second half of 2002.
In this economic environment, worldwide industry opportunity is expected to be about flat
in 2002. Company sales and revenues are also projected to be about flat. Despite
weakness in the first quarter, full-year profit is projected to be up slightly in 2002,
excluding the nonrecurring charges recorded in 2001. The anticipated profit
improvement reflects the company's continuing actions to reduce costs and
improve efficiencies.
North America
In the United States, a solid recovery in the first quarter was supported by continued
good rates of consumer spending (non-autos), strong demand for housing, further growth in
government spending and a pick-up in industrial production driven by substantially reduced
rates of inventory liquidation.
The Canadian economy will benefit from the U.S. recovery, and, similar to the U.S.,
consumer spending and housing demand will receive a boost from modest tax reductions.
While the U.S. economy benefited from a strong recovery in early 2002, equipment spending
in many major industries is not expected to grow materially until the second half of
2002. Full-year industry sales of construction and industrial machines are projected
to be about flat. Improvement over the course of the year is expected in general
construction and industrial equipment. With the mild winter, however, coal prices
and production have come under downward pressure, and sales to coal mining are expected to
be down.
Full-year industry engine sales are expected to be flat to up slightly. We expect
slightly higher sales in most engine sectors to be offset by weaker sales to petroleum
applications. As a result, company sales of machines and engines in North America
are expected to be about flat.
EAME
In EAME, good improvements in leading indicators in early 2002 also point to a
recovery in the second half of 2002. But this is not expected to be strong enough economic
growth to lead to material improvement in the industries that we serve until 2003.
As a result, company sales in the EAME region are projected to be about flat.
7
Asia/Pacific
In Asia/Pacific, business
conditions are gradually improving in developing Asia in response to the U.S.
recovery. As a result, equipment spending is moving up from relatively depressed
levels. Japan continues to be a drag on the regional recovery, and industry sales
are projected to be down. Economic growth in China is expected to remain strong,
leading to moderately higher industry sales, and sales in Australia and India are also
expected to be up moderately. Overall company sales in the region are expected to be
flat to up slightly.
Latin America
In Latin America, business conditions in Mexico
are expected to improve in conjunction with the U.S. recovery. In addition,
Brazil's economy is showing signs of improvement and industrial production moved
up early in 2002. We continue to expected Latin American countries to seek
additional engines to provide more stable electric power supplies. Political and
economic uncertainty continues in both Venezuela and Argentina but any associated negative
shocks to machine and engine industry demand is expected to be confined to those
countries. Company sales in the region are expected to be up slightly.
* * *
The information included in
the Outlook section is forward looking and involves risks and uncertainties that could
significantly affect expected results. A discussion of these risks and uncertainties
is contained in Form 8-K filed with the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) on
April 16, 2002. That filing is available from the SEC website at http://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/srch-edgar.
Caterpillar's latest financial results and current outlook are also available via:
Telephone:
(800) 228-7717 (Inside
the United States and Canada)
(858) 244-2080 (Outside
the United States and Canada)
Internet:
http://www.CAT.com/investor
http://www.CAT.com/irwebcast (live broadcast/replays
of quarterly conference call)
Caterpillar contact:
Marsha Hausser
Corporate Public Affairs
(309) 675-1841
hausser_marsha_m@CAT.com
Note: Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into
this release.
Financial Pages Follow
8
CATERPILLAR INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED (UNAUDITED) (Millions of dollars except per share data) |
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Supplemental Consolidating Data |
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Consolidated |
Machinery & |
Financial Products |
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Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
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Sales and revenues: | |||||||||||||
Sales of Machinery & Engines | $4,044 | $4,461 | $4,044 | $4,461 | $ - | $ - | |||||||
Revenues of Financial Products | 365 | 349 | - | - | 402 | 405 | |||||||
Total sales and revenues | 4,409 | 4,810 | 4,044 | 4,461 | 402 | 405 | |||||||
Operating costs: | |||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | 3,205 | 3,462 | 3,205 | 3,462 | - | - | |||||||
Selling, general, and administrative expenses | 649 | 621 | 561 | 554 | 108 | 77 | |||||||
Research and development expenses | 171 | 167 | 171 | 167 | - | - | |||||||
Interest expense of Financial Products | 123 | 182 | - | - | 127 | 193 | |||||||
Other Operating expenses | 91 | 69 | - | - | 91 | 69 | |||||||
Total operating costs | 4,239 | 4,501 | 3,937 | 4,183 | 326 | 339 | |||||||
Operating Profit | 170 | 309 | 107 | 278 | 76 | 66 | |||||||
Interest expense excluding Financial Products | 69 | 78 | 69 | 78 | - | - | |||||||
Other income (expense) | 20 | 4 | (7) | (48) | 14 | 17 | |||||||
Consolidated profit before taxes | 121 | 235 | 31 | 152 | 90 | 83 | |||||||
Provision for income taxes | 36 | 75 | 2 | 45 | 34 | 30 | |||||||
Profit of consolidated companies | 85 | 160 | 29 | 107 | 56 | 53 | |||||||
Equity in profit of unconsolidated affiliates | (5) | 2 | (7) | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||
Equity in profit of Financial Products subsidiaries | - | - | 58 | 54 | - | - | |||||||
Profit | $80 | $162 | $80 | $162 | $58 | $54 | |||||||
EPS of common stock | $0.23 | $0.47 | |||||||||||
EPS of common stock - assuming dilution |
$0.23 | $0.47 | |||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding (thousands) | |||||||||||||
Basic | 343,592 | 343,315 | |||||||||||
Assuming dilution | 347,737 | 346,635 | |||||||||||
* Represents Caterpillar Inc. and its subsidiaries with Financial Products accounted for on the equity basis. Transactions between Machinery and Engines and Financial Products have been eliminated to arrive at the Consolidated data. |
9
CATERPILLAR INC. |
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Consolidated |
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Mar. 31, |
Dec. 31, |
Mar. 31, |
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2002 |
2001 |
2001 |
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Assets | |||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||
Cash and short-term investments | $302 | $400 | $247 | ||||||
Receivables - trade and other | 2,619 | 2,592 | 2,517 | ||||||
Receivables - finance | 6,074 | 5,849 | 5,928 | ||||||
Deferred and refundable income taxes | 439 | 423 | 305 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses | 1,235 | 1,211 | 1,039 | ||||||
Inventories | 3,214 | 2,925 | 2,964 | ||||||
Total current assets | 13,883 | 13,400 | 13,000 | ||||||
Property, plant, and equipment - net | 6,622 | 6,603 | 5,993 | ||||||
Long-term receivables - trade and other | 61 | 55 | 75 | ||||||
Long-term receivables - finance | 6,260 | 6,267 | 6,028 | ||||||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliated companies | 750 | 787 | 875 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 899 | 938 | 927 | ||||||
Intangible assets | 286 | 274 | 62 | ||||||
Goodwill | 1,397 | 1,397 | 1,420 | ||||||
Other assets | 989 | 936 | 845 | ||||||
Total Assets | $31,147 | $30,657 | $29,225 | ||||||
Liabilities | |||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings: | |||||||||
-- Machinery & Engines | $353 | $219 | $633 | ||||||
-- Financial Products | 1,669 | 1,961 | 1,091 | ||||||
Accounts payable | 2,182 | 2,123 | 2,234 | ||||||
Accrued expenses | 1,366 | 1,419 | 1,099 | ||||||
Accrued wages, salaries, and employee benefits | 1,258 | 1,292 | 1,200 | ||||||
Dividends payable | - | 120 | - | ||||||
Deferred and current income taxes payable | 6 | 11 | 9 | ||||||
Long-term debt due within one year: | |||||||||
-- Machinery & Engines | 265 | 73 | 264 | ||||||
-- Financial Products | 2,946 | 3,058 | 2,706 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 10,045 | 10,276 | 9,236 | ||||||
Long-term debt due after one year: | |||||||||
-- Machinery & Engines | 3,403 | 3,492 | 2,824 | ||||||
-- Financial Products | 8,531 | 7,799 | 8,518 | ||||||
Liability for post-employment benefits | 3,120 | 3,103 | 2,515 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes and other liabilities | 375 | 376 | 457 | ||||||
Total Liabilities | 25,474 | 25,046 | 23,550 | ||||||
Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||
Common stock | 1,036 | 1,043 | 1,051 | ||||||
Profit employed in the business | 7,613 | 7,533 | 7,367 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | (294) | (269) | (54) | ||||||
Treasury stock | (2,682) | (2,696) | (2,689) | ||||||
Total Stockholders' Equity | 5,673 | 5,611 | 5,675 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | $31,147 | $30,657 | $29,225 | ||||||
* Unaudited except for Consolidated December 31, 2001
amounts. |
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Certain amounts for prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current financial statement presentation. |
10
SAFE HARBOR
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
Certain statements contained in our First-Quarter 2002 Results Release and related
prepared statements from the results webcast are forward looking and involve uncertainties
that could significantly impact results. The words "believes,"
"expects," "estimates," "anticipates," "will be"
and similar words or expressions identify forward-looking statements made on behalf of
Caterpillar. Uncertainties include factors that affect international businesses, as
well as matters specific to the Company and the markets it serves.
World Economic Factors
Our current outlook calls for a recovery in the U.S. economy in 2002. Our outlook
assumes that the events of September 11th and the resulting impact on the
economy were a one-time event and that there will be no further events of this
magnitude. If, however, there are other significant economic shocks or sequence of
shocks, there could be a more protracted negative impact on consumer spending and housing
starts, which would negatively impact company results.
After a strong first quarter, U.S. growth is expected to continue at good rates in the
second, third and fourth quarters of 2002. Should recent interest rate and tax
reductions fail to stimulate the U.S. economy as expected, leading to renewed economic
weakness, then sales of machines and engines may decline in 2002. The outlook also
projects that economic growth is expected to improve in Asia/Pacific, Europe, Africa &
Middle East and Latin America. If, for any reason, these projected growth rates do
not improve, sales would likely be lower than anticipated in the affected region.
Ongoing weakness in Japan is leading to lower than expected growth in the Asia/Pacific
region, particularly Southeast Asia. In general, renewed currency speculation,
significant declines in the stock markets, further oil or energy price increases,
political disruptions or higher interest rates could result in weaker than anticipated
economic growth and worldwide sales of both machines and engines could be lower than
expected as a result. Economic recovery could also be delayed or weakened by growing
budget or current account deficits or inappropriate government policies.
In particular, our outlook assumes that Europe, the United Kingdom and Canada implements
and commits to maintain economic stimulus measures and that the Japanese government
remains committed to stimulating their economic recovery with appropriate monetary and
fiscal policies. The Japanese economy continues to show weakness, and this is having
a negative impact on the outlook for the Asia/Pacific region for 2002. The outlook
also assumes that the Brazilian government follows through with promised fiscal and
structural reforms; and that the Argentina crisis is confined to only Argentina, and does
not spill over to negatively impact growth prospects in neighboring countries.
If negative spillover effects become amplified, this could result in greater regional
economic and financial uncertainty and weaker regional growth. Our outlook also
assumes that currency and stock markets remain relatively stable, and that average world
oil prices fluctuate in a range of $20 to $25 a barrel. If commodity and/or currency
markets experience a significant increase in volatility, and/or stock markets do not
recover, uncertainty would increase, both of which would probably result in slower
economic growth and lower sales. In addition, an eruption of political violence in
the Middle East could lead to oil supply disruptions and resumed upward pressure on oil
prices. In this case inflation pressures would move up again and interest rates would be
higher than currently projected, leading to slower world economic growth and lower company
sales.
11
The Russian economy has improved,
but political and economic uncertainty remains high and an unexpected deterioration could
impact worldwide stock or currency markets, which in turn could weaken company sales.
Commodity Prices
The outlook for our sales also depends on commodity prices. Our outlook for an
improvement in world economic growth in 2002 suggests that industrial metals prices would
start to see a recovery no later than the second half of 2002. Industrial metal
prices started to improve in the first quarter of 2002, but further gains are required
before we see gains in production and a positive impact on equipment sales. As a
result, machine sales to industrial metals area are not expected to improve until the
second half of 2002. Oil prices declined, as expected, from an average of about $30
to $32 a barrel in 2000 to an average of $25 to $30 a barrel in 2001. We are expecting an
average of $20 to $25 a barrel in 2002. Agricultural prices are projected to be up
slightly in 2002. Based on this forecast, equipment sales into sectors that are
sensitive to crude oil prices (oil, coal and natural gas) are expected to be down only
moderately in 2002.
Extended weakness in world economic growth could lead to sharp declines in commodity
prices and lower than expected sales to the industrial metals and agriculture sectors.
Monetary and Fiscal Policies
For most companies operating in a global economy, monetary and fiscal policies implemented
in the U.S. and abroad could have a significant impact on economic growth, and,
accordingly, demand for a product. In the United States, the Federal Reserve moved
aggressively to reduce interest rates in 2001. This action, together with federal
tax cuts is expected to stimulate a continuing recovery in U.S. growth in 2002. On
the other hand, the European Central Bank did not reduce interest rates as aggressively in
response to slower economic growth and a weak agriculture sector in 2001, and machine
demand in Europe is likely to be lower in 2002.
In general, higher than expected interest rates, reductions in government spending, higher
taxes, significant currency devaluations, and uncertainty over key policies are some
factors likely to lead to slower economic growth and lower industry demand. The
current outlook is for higher year over year U.S. growth in 2002, with positive growth in
the first quarter of 2002 followed by good growth rates in the remaining quarters of
2002. If, for whatever reason, there was a setback leading to weak or negative
growth in the second, third or fourth quarters of 2002 then demand for company products
could fall in the U.S. and Canada and would also be lower throughout the rest of the
world.
12
Political Factors
Political factors in the U.S. and abroad have a major impact on global companies. In
2001, the U.S. Congress enacted a tax cut with the first reductions effective in the third
and fourth quarters of 2001 and with additional benefits in 2002, which is having and
should continue to have a positive impact on the U.S. economy. The Company is one of
the largest U.S. exporters as a percentage of sales. International trade and fiscal
policies implemented in the U.S. this year could impact the Company's ability to expand
its business abroad. U.S. foreign relations with certain countries and any related
restrictions imposed could also have a significant impact on foreign sales. There
are a number of significant expected political developments in Latin America, Asia, and
Europe, Africa and the Middle East which are expected to take place in 2002 that could
affect U.S. trade policies and/or de-stabilize local market conditions leading to lower
company sales. In particular, renewed political uncertainty in Japan is contributing
to a decline in business confidence, asset values and capital investment there.
In addition, significant political and economic instability persists in Argentina,
Venezuela and the Middle East. Our outlook assumes that the effects of instability
in Argentina and Venezuela will be confined to those countries and not spread to other
countries in the region. Our outlook also assumes that stability will ultimately be
restored in Argentina and Venezuela through democratic means. If, however, the
instability persists, worsens or spreads to other countries in the region, it could
materially impact company sales into Argentina, Venezuela and other countries in the
region. In addition, our outlook assumes that the recent escalation of the conflict
in the Middle East does not persist or deteriorate further. The outlook assumes that
Middle East tensions will ease over time.
Currency Fluctuations
Currency fluctuations are also an unknown for global companies. The Company has
facilities in major sales areas throughout the world and significant costs and revenues in
most major currencies. This diversification greatly reduces the overall impact of
currency movements on results. However, if the U.S. dollar strengthens against
foreign currencies, the conversion of net non-U.S. dollar proceeds to U.S. dollars would
somewhat adversely impact the Company's results. Further, since the Company's
largest manufacturing presence is in the U.S., a sustained overvalued dollar could have an
unfavorable impact on our global competitiveness.
Dealer Practices
A majority of the Company's sales are made through its independent dealer distribution
network. Dealer practices, such as changes in inventory levels for both new and
rental equipment, are not within the Company's control (primarily because these practices
depend upon the dealer's assessment of anticipated sales and the appropriate level of
inventory) and may have a significant positive or negative impact on our results. In
particular, the outlook assumes that dealer inventories of new machines will be slightly
lower at the end of 2002 than at the end of 2001. If dealers reduce inventory levels
more than anticipated, company sales will be adversely impacted.
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Other Factors
The rate of infrastructure spending, housing starts, commercial construction and mining
play a significant role in the Company's results. Our products are an integral
component of these activities and as these activities increase or decrease in the U.S. or
abroad, demand for our products may be significantly impacted. In 1999, the six-year
Federal highway bill did not boost U.S. sales as much as anticipated due to delays in
getting major capital projects for highways underway. In 2000 and 2001, there was a
material increase in the volume of highway construction contracts, which had a positive
impact on sales of certain types of equipment, and the company expects a similar positive
impact of higher highway construction activity on machine sales in 2002. If funding
for highway and airport construction in 2002 is reduced or delayed, or is concentrated on
areas where company products do not play a significant role, sales could be negatively
impacted. We are projecting further increases in highway/airport public spending in
2002. If these spending plans are reduced by Federal and/or state governments,
machine sales would be lower than current projections.
Pursuant to a Consent Decree Caterpillar entered into with the United States Environmental
Protection Agency ("EPA"), the Company is required to meet certain emission
standards by October 2002. The Consent Decree provides, however, for the possibility
that diesel engine manufacturers may not be able to meet these standards exactly on that
date, and allows companies to continue selling non-compliant engines if they pay
non-conformance penalties on those engines. However, EPA is currently in the process
of setting new levels for these non-conformance penalties. Our outlook assumes that
complying with the Consent Decree will not materially impact our results. If,
however, Caterpillar must pay non-conformance penalties and EPA imposes penalty levels
higher than anticipated, our profit could be negatively impacted.
Projected cost savings or synergies from alliances with new partners could also be
negatively impacted by a variety of factors. These factors could include, among other
things, higher than expected wages, energy and/or materials costs, and/or higher than
expected financing costs due to unforeseen changes in central bank interest rate policies.
Cost savings could also be negatively impacted by unforeseen changes in tax, trade,
environmental, labor, safety, payroll or pension policies in any of the jurisdictions
where the alliances conduct their operations.
Results may be impacted positively or negatively by changes in the sales mix. Our
outlook assumes a certain geographic mix of sales as well as a product mix of sales.
The Company operates in a highly competitive environment and our outlook depends on a
forecast of the Company's share of industry sales. A reduction in that share could
result from pricing or product strategies pursued by competitors, unanticipated product or
manufacturing difficulties, a failure to price the product competitively, or an unexpected
buildup in competitors' new machine or dealer owned rental fleets, leading to severe
downward pressure on machine rental rates and/or used equipment prices.
The environment also remains very competitive from a pricing standpoint. Additional
price discounting would result in lower than anticipated price realization.
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This discussion of uncertainties is by no means exhaustive but is designed to highlight important factors that may impact our outlook. Obvious factors such as general economic conditions throughout the world do not warrant further discussion but are noted to further emphasize the myriad of contingencies that may cause the Company's actual results to differ from those currently anticipated.
SIGNATURES |
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Pursuant to
the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. |
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CATERPILLAR
INC. |
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April 16, 2002 |
By: | /s/ James B. Buda | |
James B. Buda Vice President |
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