ffdefinitive14a.htm
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Filed by Registrant [ X ]
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant [
]
Check the appropriate box:
[ ] Preliminary Proxy Statement
[ ] Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted
by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
[X] Definitive Proxy Statement
[ ] Definitive Additional Materials
[ ] Soliciting Material Pursuant to Sec. 240.14a-11(c) or Sec.
240.14a-12
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its
Charter)
Stephen C. Miller
2344 Spruce Street, Suite A
Boulder, Colorado 80302
(303) 442-2156
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
[X] No fee required.
[ ] Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules
14a-6(i)(4) and 0-11.
1) Title of each class of securities to which
transactions applies:
2) Aggregate number of securities to which
transaction applies:
3) Per unit price or other underlying value of
transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (Set forth the amount on
which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
4) Proposed maximum aggregate value of
transaction:
5) Total fee paid:
[ ] Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
[ ] Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by
Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identity the filing for which the offsetting
fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement
number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
1) Amount Previously Paid:
2) Form, Schedule or Registration Statement
No.:
3) Filing Party:
4) Date Filed:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
[Missing Graphic Reference]
|
2344
Spruce Street
Suite
A
Boulder,
Colorado 80302
www.firstopportunityfund.com
|
March 31,
2010
Dear
Fellow Stockholder,
You are
invited to attend the 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of First Opportunity
Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”), which will be held on May 3, 2010 at 9:00 a.m. Mountain
Daylight Time (local time), at the St. Julien Hotel, 900 Walnut Street, Boulder,
Colorado. Details of the business to be presented at the meeting can
be found in the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting and
Proxy
Statement. This is a very important meeting at which the
Fund's board of directors (the “Board”) is asking you to approve significant,
and we believe, positive changes to the Fund.
Since the
Fund’s inception in 1986, Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington
Management”) has served as the Fund’s investment adviser. During this time, the
Board believes that the Fund has delivered a strong track record of performance
relative to its peer groups and the relevant indices. At past meetings, members
of the Board have discussed various ways of increasing the potential future
returns of the Fund including investing in hedge funds. As a consequence of
these discussions, ultimately the Board concluded that stockholder value could
be enhanced by investing a significant portion of the Fund’s assets in hedge
funds, in particular, some hedge funds sponsored by Wellington Hedge Management,
LLC (“WHM”) (an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Wellington Management) and
advised by Wellington Management (the “WHM Hedge Funds”). In order to
accommodate investing in any WHM Hedge Fund, the Fund must change its investment
adviser to an entity or entities that are not affiliated with the current
investment adviser, Wellington Management.
Accordingly,
you are being asked to approve new investment advisory agreements for the Fund.
The Proxy Statement
contains proposals for new advisory agreements whereby Rocky Mountain Advisers,
L.L.C. (“RMA”) and Stewart Investment Advisers (“SIA”) (together, the “New
Advisers”) would serve as the Fund’s co-advisers, and a new sub-advisory
agreement proposal for Wellington Management to serve as a temporary investment
sub-adviser. Under the new structure, the New Advisers would be permitted to
invest significant assets of the Fund in hedge funds, including WHM Hedge
Funds. However, in the near term, the New Advisers do not anticipate
investing in any hedge funds other than the WHM Hedge Funds. Under
the Fund’s present advisory structure, because of affiliate prohibitions under
the Investment Company Act, the Fund cannot invest in a hedge fund managed by
Wellington Management or its affiliates. We believe this new structure, if
approved by you, will provide greater advantages in terms of enhancing
investment opportunity and flexibility by permitting investments in hedge funds,
in particular the WHM Hedge Funds, and leveraging the talent pools of the New
Advisers and Wellington Management.
As part
of the restructuring, and to provide additional flexibility to the New Advisers,
the Board also recommends removing the Fund’s fundamental concentration policy
of investing at least 65% of its assets in financial services
companies.
And
finally, the Proxy
Statement includes a proposal for the election of the members of the
Board. The enclosed Proxy Statement gives details
about each proposal which requires your approval and should be carefully read
and considered before you vote.
As
Chairman of the Board, I encourage you to support all of the
proposals. After careful and extensive review, the members of the
Board, including the independent directors, unanimously approved and recommended
to stockholders that they approve all of the proposals as detailed in the Proxy
Statement. We hope you plan to attend the Annual
Meeting. Your vote
is important. Whether or not you are able to attend, it is important that
your shares be represented at the Annual Meeting. Accordingly, we ask
that you please sign, date, and return the enclosed Proxy Card or vote via
telephone or the Internet at your earliest convenience.
On behalf
of the Board and the management of First Opportunity Fund, Inc., I extend our
appreciation for your continued support.
Sincerely,
/s/Joel
W. Looney
Joel W.
Looney, Chairman of the Board
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
[Missing Graphic Reference]
|
2344
Spruce Street
Suite
A
Boulder,
Colorado 80302
www.firstopportunityfund.com
|
NOTICE
OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be
Held on May 3, 2010
To the
Stockholders:
The
Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”) of First Opportunity Fund, Inc.,
a Maryland corporation (the “Fund”), will be held on May 3, 2010 at
9:00 a.m. Mountain Daylight Time (local time), at the St. Julien Hotel, 900
Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado, to consider and vote on the following
proposals, all of which are more fully described in the accompanying Proxy
Statement:
1.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment advisory agreement with
Rocky Mountain Advisers, L.L.C. (“RMA”) (Proposal
1);
|
2.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment advisory agreement with
Stewart Investment Advisers (“SIA”) (Proposal
2);
|
3.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment sub-advisory agreement with
Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington”) (Proposal
3);
|
4.
|
To
approve or disapprove eliminating the Fund’s fundamental policy of
investing at least 65% of its assets in financial services companies (the
“Concentration Policy”) (Proposal
4);
|
5.
|
To
approve or disapprove amending the Concentration Policy to reduce the
Fund’s minimum threshold for investing in financial services companies to
25% (Proposal
5);
|
6.
|
The
election of directors of the Fund (Proposal 6);
and
|
7.
|
To
transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting or
any adjournments and postponements
thereof.
|
The Board
of Directors of the Fund has fixed the close of business on March 29, 2010 as the
record date for the determination of stockholders of the Fund entitled to notice
of and to vote at the Meeting and any
postponements or adjournments thereof. The Proxy Statement, Notice of
Annual Meeting, and proxy card are first being mailed to stockholders on or
about April 5, 2010.
By
Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/Stephanie
Kelley
STEPHANIE
KELLEY
Secretary
March 31,
2010
EVEN
IF YOU PLAN TO ATTEND THE MEETING, STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO SIGN THE ENCLOSED
PROXY CARD (UNLESS AUTHORIZING THEIR PROXY VIA TOUCH-TONE TELEPHONE OR THROUGH
THE INTERNET) AND MAIL IT IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE SO AS TO ENSURE A QUORUM AT
THE MEETING. THIS IS IMPORTANT WHETHER YOU OWN FEW OR MANY
SHARES.
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR SIGNING PROXY CARDS
The
following general rules for signing proxy cards may be of assistance to you and
may avoid the time and expense to the Fund involved in validating your vote if
you fail to sign your proxy card properly.
1. Individual
Accounts: Sign your name exactly as it appears in the registration on
the proxy card.
2. Joint
Accounts: Either party may sign, but the name of the party signing
should conform exactly to a name shown in the registration.
3. All
Other Accounts: The capacity of the individual signing the proxy card
should be indicated unless it is reflected in the form of
registration. For example:
Registration
|
Valid Signature
|
Corporate
Accounts
|
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(1) ABC
Corp.
|
ABC
Corp., by [title of authorized officer]
|
(2) ABC
Corp.
|
John
Doe, Treasurer
|
(3) ABC
Corp., c/o John Doe Treasurer
|
John
Doe
|
(4) ABC
Corp. Profit Sharing Plan
|
John
Doe, Trustee
|
Trust
Accounts
|
|
(1) ABC
Trust
|
Jane
B. Doe, Trustee
|
(2) Jane
B. Doe, Trustee, u/t/d 12/28/78
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Jane
B. Doe
|
Custodian
or Estate Accounts
|
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(1) John
B. Smith, Cust.,
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John
B. Smith
|
f/b/o
John B. Smith, Jr. UGMA
|
|
(2) John
B. Smith
|
John
B. Smith, Jr., Executor
|
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
[Missing Graphic Reference]
|
2344
Spruce Street
Suite
A
Boulder,
Colorado 80302
www.firstopportunityfund.com
|
Questions
& Answers Regarding the Meeting and Proposals
Question
1:
|
What
changes are being proposed?
|
Answer: In
addition to electing the Fund’s board of directors (the “Board”), stockholders
are being asked to vote on other significant proposals: approving new investment
co-advisory agreements, approving a new investment sub-advisory agreement and
eliminating the Fund’s fundamental policy of investing at least 65% of its
assets in financial services companies (together, the
“Restructuring”).
Question
2:
|
How
does the Board recommend I vote on the
Proposals?
|
Answer: The
Board, including all of the directors who are not “interested persons” of the
Fund (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940
Act”)) (the “Independent Directors”), has unanimously recommended that
stockholders vote
FOR all of the Proposals. If no instructions are indicated on your proxy, the
representatives holding proxies will vote in accordance with the recommendations
of the Board.
Question
3:
|
Who
are the Fund’s proposed new investment
co-advisers?
|
Answer: The
Board, including all of the Independent Directors, has unanimously approved and
recommends that stockholders approve investment advisory agreements (the
“Advisory Agreements”) with Rocky Mountain Advisers, L.L.C. (“RMA”) and Stewart
Investment Advisers (“SIA”) (together the “New Advisers”). If the
Advisory Agreements are approved by stockholders, the New Advisers will act as
co-advisers to the Fund. Both New Advisers are controlled by trusts
and entities affiliated with the family of Stewart R. Horejsi (together, the
“Horejsi Affiliates”). The Horejsi Affiliates own 35.51% of the
Fund’s outstanding common stock. SIA and Boulder Investment Advisers, LLC
(“BIA”) currently provide investment advisory services to three other closed-end
investment companies: Boulder Total Return Fund, Inc. (NYSE:BTF),
Boulder Growth & Income Fund, Inc. (NYSE:BIF), and The Denali Fund Inc.
(NYSE:DNY) (collectively, the “Boulder Funds”). BIA is an affiliate
of the New Advisers and the management and staffing of RMA is substantially the
same as that of BIA.
Question
4:
|
Why
are there two co-advisers?
|
Answer: The
Restructuring contemplates RMA and SIA acting as investment co-advisers to the
Fund. This arrangement is similar to that currently existing between BIA and SIA
(collectively, the “Boulder Advisers”) in their relationship with the Boulder
Funds whereby a single advisory fee is paid to, but split between, the
co-advisers. Mr. Horejsi is the primary investment manager for the
New Advisers and BIA and, together with Carl Johns, will be responsible for the
day-to-day management of the Fund’s assets and primarily responsible for the
Fund’s asset allocation. The reason for two advisers is that Mr. Horejsi spends
a substantial portion of his time residing in Barbados, during which he is
employed exclusively by SIA, which is a resident Barbados international business
company. If the Restructuring is approved by stockholders, when Mr.
Horejsi resides in the U.S., he will be employed exclusively by the “on-shore”
adviser (i.e., RMA) with respect to his efforts on behalf of the
Fund. From the Fund’s point of view, the economics and practicalities
of the co-advisory arrangement are no different than they would be if Mr.
Horejsi worked exclusively for RMA under a single advisory contract
(i.e., the Fund would still pay the same advisory fee (discussed
below in Question 10 ) but only to a single
adviser). See “Proposals 1 and 2 – The Advisory Agreements”
below.
Question
5:
|
Who
is the Fund’s proposed investment
sub-adviser?
|
Answer: The
Board, including all of the Independent Directors, has unanimously approved and
recommends that stockholders approve a temporary and limited investment
sub-advisory agreement with Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington
Management”) (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”). Wellington Management
presently acts as the Fund’s sole investment adviser and has done so since the
Fund’s inception. Under the Sub-Advisory Agreement, Wellington
Management would be responsible for managing a discrete portion of the Fund’s
current assets with respect to which it has experience and familiarity (the
“Legacy Holdings”). Wellington Management will act in a sub-advisory
capacity for a period of two years after the effective date of the Restructuring
(i.e., the date on which stockholders approve the Advisory Agreements and
Sub-Advisory Agreement) (the “Effective Date”). Under the terms of
the Sub-Advisory Agreement, Wellington Management would be responsible for
managing the Legacy Holdings with a view towards continuing to hold the
securities, selling them in its discretion and assisting the New Advisers in
gaining familiarity with the Legacy Holdings.
Question
6:
|
Why
does the Board think it is necessary to restructure the
Fund?
|
Answer: Since the
current Board was seated in 2004, it has annually reviewed the performance of
Wellington Management as the Fund’s adviser. As part of the annual
contract renewal process and upon the Board’s request, Wellington Management
presents current and historic fee and performance data with respect to other
private long/short funds that it manages that invest substantially in the
financial services sector. In particular, Wellington Management had
provided at the Board’s request performance information regarding several hedge
funds sponsored by an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Wellington Management,
Wellington Hedge Management (“WHM”) (the “WHM Hedge Funds”). Even
though these hedge funds have investment objectives similar to the Fund’s
investment objective, these private funds employ different investment
strategies, including short selling, and they have at times outperformed the
Fund. This was especially the case during the most recent market
downturn when the Fund, having a “long only” investment approach, was not able
to take advantage of the many short selling opportunities in the financial
sector.
Wellington
Management does not engage in short selling in portfolios that require public
disclosure of its short positions. The Fund cannot take advantage of
short selling and retain Wellington Management as the investment adviser under
its current structure. In addition, the Fund is subject to regulatory
constraints that limit its investment flexibility as compared with private funds
like the WHM Hedge Funds. As a result of restrictions imposed by the
1940 Act, registered investment companies are more limited in their flexibility
than private funds and with respect to the use of certain investment techniques,
in particular the use of leverage (which effectively limits a registered
investment company’s ability to acquire derivative securities and engage in
short selling), and the speed with which investment techniques may be
implemented compared with private funds. The greater flexibility to engage in a
wider array of investment strategies may also present a higher degree of risk
than a portfolio pursuing an unleveraged “long-only” strategy.
Over the
last several years, the Board has reviewed and implemented a number of options
intended to allow the Fund to take greater advantage of the broader array of
investment strategies and techniques available to Wellington Management and its
investment personnel, thus attempting to bolster the Fund’s long term
performance. In particular, the Board approved eliminating or
revising certain of the Fund’s investment restrictions and policies, changing
the name of the Fund to eliminate the term “Financial”, changing the Fund’s
investment objective to “total return”, changing the Fund from a “diversified”
to a “non-diversified” investment company, and reclassifying the Fund’s
investment objective as non-fundamental.
Beginning
in late 2008, in evaluating the Fund’s alternatives to employ a broader array of
investment strategies and retain the investment management services of
Wellington Management, the Board considered the feasibility of the Fund
investing directly in the WHM Hedge Funds which would, on a look-through basis,
give the Fund, at least with respect to a significant portion of its portfolio,
the same flexibility as the WHM Hedge Funds. However, under the
Fund’s current structure with Wellington Management as the sole adviser, the
Fund is prohibited by provisions of the 1940 Act from investing any of its
assets in a hedge fund managed by any affiliate of Wellington
Management. Appointing the New Advisers as the Fund’s primary
investment advisers, and segregating the Fund’s assets temporarily into two
portions – one managed by the New Advisers and the other, the Legacy Holdings,
that would be temporarily managed by Wellington Management with the investment
discretion to only hold or sell such holdings– would permit the New
Advisers, independent of Wellington Management’s influence or control, to invest
significantly in private funds including the WHM Hedge Funds.
The New
Advisers anticipate, in the near term and based on current market conditions and
the number of WHM Hedge Funds currently available for investment, that they
would invest as much as 50% of the Fund’s assets in certain WHM Hedge Funds,
several of which emphasize investments in the financial services sector and are
managed in whole or part by the Fund’s current portfolio
manager. This percentage could increase or decrease over
time. The Board and New Advisers believe that investments in the WHM
Hedge Funds offer the Fund the potential for superior risk-adjusted returns
arising from the added flexibility and broader investment options available to
the WHM Hedge Funds.
Question
7:
|
Will
the New Advisers invest in hedge funds other than the WHM Hedge
Funds?
|
Answer: The New
Advisers do not anticipate, at least in the foreseeable future, investing in any
hedge funds other than the WHM Hedge Funds. It has taken nearly 8
years for the New Advisers to develop the requisite familiarity with Wellington
Management to fully trust its abilities as a private fund manager in which the
New Advisers would invest. It is highly unlikely that the New
Advisers would seek out and invest in other private funds without
first spending a similar amount of time and energy evaluating the
manager’s organization, performance and ethical underpinnings.
Question
8:
|
Why
is there a need for Wellington Management to continue in a sub-advisory
capacity?
|
Answer: The Fund
is presently invested primarily in securities which were analyzed, purchased,
and are overseen by Wellington Management in its current capacity as the Fund’s
sole adviser. The New Advisers may have limited familiarity with
these securities. It is anticipated that under the guidance of the
New Advisers, the Fund will contribute a number of these securities “in-kind” in
exchange for interests in several WHM Hedge Funds, although the extent to which
an “in-kind” contribution will occur cannot be determined until after the
Effective Date. In addition, on the Effective Date, the New Advisers will assume
responsibility for all of the Fund’s cash or cash equivalent assets as well as
certain of the Fund’s large cap equity holdings familiar and acceptable to the
New Advisers. All of the Fund’s remaining assets for which the New
Advisers do not assume responsibility – anticipated to be fair-valued and other
securities with less market liquidity described above as the Legacy Holdings –
will be managed by Wellington Management in accordance with the Fund’s
investment objective but with a view solely towards holding, liquidating the
assets to generate cash for the New Advisers to invest, and/or familiarizing the
New Advisers with the Legacy Holdings. After the Effective Date, Wellington
Management will not be responsible for purchasing any new securities directly
for the Fund. Although there is no set time frame for accomplishing
its objectives, by its terms, the proposed sub-advisory agreement with
Wellington Management would terminate in two years, and the New Advisers would
assume all responsibility for managing any remaining Legacy Holdings at that
time.
Question
9:
|
How
will the co-adviser and sub-adviser arrangement work? Will they work
together?
|
Answer: Under the
terms of the Advisory Agreements, RMA and SIA would serve as co-advisers to the
Fund and would be jointly and severally responsible for making investment
decisions with respect to the Fund’s holdings other than the Legacy Holdings,
including any decision to invest in the WHM Hedge Funds, supplying investment
research and portfolio management services, placing purchase and sale orders for
portfolio transactions, making asset allocation decisions for the Fund and
determining the extent, nature and application of the Fund’s leverage, if
any. Under the terms of the Sub-Advisory Agreement, Wellington
Management would serve as sub-adviser and be responsible for making investment
decisions solely with respect to the Legacy Holdings, although once liquidated,
the proceeds from selling the Legacy Holdings will be transferred to the New
Advisers for investment.
Because
the New Advisers could decide to invest assets in WHM Hedge Funds at any time,
the New Advisers and Wellington Management will not work together or
collaborate on their respective portfolios. Wellington Management
will have sole investment discretion with respect only to whether to continue to
hold or liquidate the Legacy Holdings and the New Advisers will have sole
investment discretion with respect to the remaining assets, including the WHM
Hedge Fund investments and any proceeds from the sale of Legacy
Holdings. However, as a sub-adviser to the Fund, Wellington
Management will be subject to general oversight and monitoring by RMA and SIA as
the Fund’s co-advisers.
Question
10:
|
Will
the Fund’s expenses be affected by the Advisory Agreements and the
Sub-Advisory Agreement?
|
Answer: Yes. The
Fund currently pays Wellington Management an advisory fee of 1.125% on the
Fund’s net assets up to and including $150 million; 1.00% on net assets between
$150 million and $300 million; and 0.875% on net assets exceeding $300 million
(the “Current Fee”). As proposed, the Advisory Agreements contemplate
the New Advisers being paid an investment advisory fee of 1.25% on the Fund's
net assets, including leverage, although the Fund currently has no
leverage. However, under the Advisory Agreements, the New Advisers
would waive (i) up to 1.00% on the “look-through” advisory fees (but not the
performance fees) paid to WHM with respect to any investment by the Fund in any
WHM Hedge Fund and (ii) all fees paid by the Fund to Wellington under the
Sub-Advisory Agreement. WHM charges an asset-based fee of 1.00% to
the WHM Hedge Funds presently under consideration for investment by the New
Advisers. Under the Sub-Advisory Agreement, Wellington Management would receive
fees from the Fund based on the Current Fee schedule, as applied only with
respect to the assets represented by the Legacy Holdings.
Based on
current assets under management, and the New Advisers’ anticipated investment of
approximately 50% of the Fund’s assets in WHM Hedge Funds, the advisory fees
paid directly by the Fund would decrease by approximately $725,000 annually
versus the Current Fee ($2.34 million based on net assets of $215.1 million as
of December 31, 2009). However, on a “look-through” basis (i.e.,
taking into consideration the fees charged by WHM in managing the WHM Hedge
Funds), if the WHM Hedge Funds achieve an investment return of 10% (and are thus
paid a concomitant performance based fee), advisory-related expenses will
increase by approximately $2.5 million annually. On such a
“look-through” basis, the overall expense ratio would increase from 1.65% to
approximately 2.84% (assuming the 10% investment return and impact of the
performance fee paid to WHM). This expense ratio may or may not
fluctuate depending on fixed expenses as well as the size of the
Fund. See the “Fees and Expenses” Table under Proposal 1 and 2 below
and the example in the paragraph immediately below.
Hedge
fund managers, including WHM, typically are paid a 20% performance fee with
respect to annual gains generated in their hedge funds. Thus, under
the Restructuring, the advisory-related fees could increase significantly when
there are significant net gains in the hedge fund. Since performance
fees will necessarily vary from year to year, they can only be estimated based
on a normalized market return. For the sake of comparison, if
the Fund invests 50% of its current assets in WHM Hedge Funds, and during the
first year after the Effective Date the value of WHM Hedge Funds increase by
10%, and all the Fund’s other assets remain unchanged, on a “look-through”
basis, the Fund would pay an additional $2.5 million in advisory related
fees. The Board believes that because the WHM Hedge Funds offer more
investment flexibility and the possibility of superior risk adjusted returns,
the likelihood that the Fund will pay higher look-through advisory-related fees
is an acceptable tradeoff.
Question
11:
|
Will
the Restructuring affect the Fund’s investment objective or any
fundamental policies?
|
Answer: The
Restructuring will not affect the Fund’s investment objective of “total return”.
However, as part of the Restructuring, stockholders are asked to remove the
Fund’s fundamental policy of investing at least 65% of its assets in financial
services companies (the “Concentration Policy”). The Board believes
that the 65% minimum investment requirement in financial services companies
places a disproportionate industry risk on the Fund and
stockholders. If the Restructuring is approved and the Concentration
Policy eliminated, the New Advisers will be required to reduce the Fund’s
exposure to the financial services industry to comply with this
change.
The Fund
will continue to have the flexibility to invest in a wide range of investments,
which could include, among others, common stocks, debt instruments, preferred
stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, interest rate and credit
default swaps, and cash and cash equivalents. In addition, the
Restructuring is intended to provide the Fund with the ability to invest in
hedge funds, in particular the WHM Hedge Funds, which carry a set of risks
particular to investing in hedge funds and which are discussed
below. The Restructuring and, in particular, removal of the
Concentration Policy, is intended to give the Fund and New Advisers additional
flexibility in investing the Fund’s assets.
If the
Concentration Policy is eliminated, going forward, the Fund would be precluded
from investing more than 25% of its assets in the financial services or any
other industry. However, the Fund would likely be concentrated in the
securities of financial services companies immediately following stockholder
approval as a result of the current effectiveness of the Concentration
Policy. The New Advisers would seek to reduce the Fund’s holdings in
financial services companies to below 25% of the Fund’s assets in a prudent
manner consistent with elimination of the Concentration Policy. As
discussed under Proposals 1 through 3 below, if the Restructuring Proposals are
approved by stockholders, the New Advisers expect to invest significantly in the
WHM Hedge Funds, several of which have significant exposure to the financial
services sector. However, the Fund will not “look through” its
investments in the WHM Hedge Funds to underlying portfolio holdings in financial
services companies in determining whether the Fund exceeds the 25% maximum
concentration threshold if the Concentration Policy is
eliminated. The Fund could therefore become indirectly concentrated
in financial services companies or other industries by virtue of the investments
by the WHM Hedge Funds in such investments.
Question
12:
|
Why
are there two proposals (Proposals 4 and 5) dealing with the Concentration
Policy?
|
Answer: As
discussed above, Proposal 4 contemplates the removal of the Concentration Policy
in its entirety as part of the Restructuring so that the New Advisers will have
additional flexibility when investing the Fund’s assets. Proposal 5
is a precautionary proposal which would become effective only if stockholders do not
approve the Restructuring (i.e., Proposals 1 through
4). Proposal 5 would amend the Concentration Policy to reduce the
Fund’s minimum holdings in financial services companies from 65% to 25% (subject
to the Fund’s ability to take defensive measures to preserve
value). Regardless of whether Wellington Management or the New
Advisers are the primary advisers to the Fund, the Board believes that the 65%
investment requirement in financial services companies places a disproportionate
industry risk on the Fund and stockholders and needs to be eliminated or at the
very least significantly reduced.
Question
13:
|
Are the separate proposals of
the Restructuring conditioned on stockholder approval of the other
proposals (e.g., approval of the Advisory Agreements and Sub-Advisory
Agreement)?
|
Answer: Passage
of Proposals 1 and 2 (approval of the Advisory Agreements) and Proposal 3
(approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement) are conditioned on all such Proposals
being approved by stockholders (i.e., if one fails to achieve
stockholder approval, all three fail). However, the Board believes
that eliminating or amending the Concentration Policy is a change that should be
implemented regardless of whether Proposals 1 through 3 are
approved. Thus, stockholders are presented with two alternative
proposals regarding the Concentration Policy, and passage of Proposal 4 (eliminating the
Concentration Policy) will be conditioned on stockholder approval of Proposals 1
through 4. In other words, if stockholders approve Proposal 4 but not
Proposals 1 through 3, Proposal 4 will not become effective. Proposal
5 (amending the
Concentration Policy) will be conditioned upon stockholder approval of Proposal
5 and their failure to approve Proposals 1 through 3. Thus, if
stockholders approve both Proposals 4 and 5 and Proposals 1 through 3 pass,
Proposal 4 will become effective and Proposal 5 will not. However, if
stockholders approve both Proposals 4 and 5, but Proposals 1 through 3 do not
pass, Proposal 5 will become effective and Proposal 4 will
not. Ultimately, the Board believes that eliminating or significantly
reducing the minimum threshold of the Concentration Policy will mitigate
industry risk and provide the Fund’s adviser(s) with additional flexibility and
ease the Fund’s future administrative burdens going forward. If the
Restructuring Proposals are not adopted and Wellington Management stays on as
investment adviser to the Fund, Wellington Management intends to retain its
primary focus on investments in the financial services
industry. Proposal 5 would give Wellington Management additional
flexibility to invest outside of the financial services sector, including during
periods of market turmoil.
Question
14:
|
Describe
any other anticipated change to the Fund’s investment strategies or
operations and explain the anticipated benefits to the Fund and its
stockholders of any such change.
|
Answer: The
primary impetus for the Restructuring is to provide the Fund with more
flexibility and increased access to hedge funds, including the less constrained
and broader investment tools of Wellington Management, the Fund’s current
adviser, by making investments in certain WHM Hedge Funds including those that
emphasize investments in the financial services sector. The New Advisers are
considering making a significant allocation (approximately 50%) of the Fund’s
assets to WHM Hedge Funds, once the Restructuring is fully
implemented. This would represent an obvious change in investment
approach as compared to the Fund’s historical universe of
investments. The Board believes that giving the Fund the ability to
invest significantly in hedge funds, in particular the WHM Hedge Funds,
ultimately offers more investment flexibility and the potential for superior
risk adjusted returns.
Question
15:
|
Will
the risk profile of the Fund change as a result of the Restructuring and,
in particular, as a result of investing significantly in hedge
funds?
|
Answer: Yes. Because
the New Advisers anticipate investing substantially in hedge funds, in
particular the WHM Hedge Funds, the Fund could be exposed to, among other
things, the increased leverage and consequent risks (with potential for
increased returns) resulting from hedge funds’ use of certain investment
strategies not currently used by the Fund. Therefore, stockholders
should be aware of the general risks and concerns associated with investing in
hedge funds:
§
|
Hedge
funds are unregistered private investment funds or pools that invest and
trade in many different markets, investment strategies and instruments
(including securities, non-securities and derivatives) and are NOT subject
to the same regulatory and oversight requirements as investment companies
that are registered under the 1940
Act.
|
§
|
Hedge
fund offering documents are not reviewed or approved by federal or state
regulators.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may be leveraged and their performance may be
volatile. Employing leverage amplifies the potential gain of an
investment but
also amplifies the potential loss. In addition, a hedge
fund’s cost of leverage (e.g., interest expense) may be subject
to increase and may be higher than the fund’s investment
returns.
|
§
|
A
hedge fund's manager generally has absolute trading authority over the
hedge fund.
|
§
|
Some
hedge funds may involve structures or strategies that may cause delays in
the receipt by their investors of important tax
information.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds typically provide limited transparency regarding underlying
investments. Hedge funds in which the New Advisers may invest
will generally permit the Fund to publish only limited financial
information about the holdings and performance of those hedge
funds.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may execute a substantial portion of trades on foreign exchanges
which could mean higher risk because they are subject to less regulation
than U.S. exchanges and are subject to adverse political or economic
events in their respective markets.
|
§
|
When
the Fund values its securities, market prices may not be readily available
for a substantial portion of its investments. Securities for
which market prices are not readily available (as is expected to be the
case with respect to the Fund's investments in the WHM Hedge Funds) will
be valued by the Fund at fair value as determined in good faith in
accordance with procedures approved by the Board. As the New Adviser and
the Board anticipate that market prices will not be readily available for
the hedge funds in which the Fund might invest, the Fund's valuation
procedures provide that the fair value of the Fund's investments in hedge
funds ordinarily will be the value determined for each such fund in
accordance with that fund's own valuation policies. Although
the Fund will receive periodic information from each hedge fund regarding
its investment performance and investment strategy, the New Adviser may
have little or no means of independently verifying valuation information.
Investors should be aware that situations involving uncertainties as to
the value of portfolio positions could have an adverse effect on the
Fund's net assets if the judgments of the Board, the New Advisers or
investment advisers to hedge funds in which the Fund invests should prove
incorrect. Also, investment advisers to hedge funds typically provide
determinations of the net asset value on a monthly basis, in which event,
the Fund’s weekly reporting of net asset value may be based on information
that is not current and could fluctuate significantly when the Fund
updates its portfolio valuations to reflect updated values for its hedge
fund investments. See "Net Asset
Valuation."
|
§
|
The
Fund’s investment in a hedge fund may be illiquid and there may be
significant restrictions on liquidating or transferring interests in a
hedge fund.
|
§
|
There
are no secondary markets for the Fund’s investment in any hedge fund and
none are expected to develop.
|
§
|
A
hedge fund's ongoing advisory and performance fees and expenses may be
substantial regardless of positive trading
profits.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may invest in startup, small cap and distressed companies all of
which may have limited liquidity and volatile market dynamics which may
result in volatile performance by the hedge
funds.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may engage in investment techniques that are viewed as speculative
such as short selling and investing in futures contracts and may invest in
certain securities such as options, warrants, convertible securities and
non-U.S. securities. Certain short selling and futures
contracts expose hedge funds to potentially unlimited
losses.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may invest in interest rate and credit default swaps and other
derivative instruments. Derivative instruments can be volatile and involve
various degrees of risk depending on the characteristics of the particular
derivative and the characteristics of the investing hedge fund’s
portfolio.
|
§
|
Hedge
funds may invest in securities denominated in foreign currencies thus
exposing their investors to foreign currency
risk.
|
This
summary is not a complete list of the risks involved in investing in a hedge
fund. Stockholders should review the section entitled “Risks and
Special Considerations Associated with the Restructuring Proposals – Risks
Associated with Investments by Hedge Funds” under Proposal 1 and 2 which
contains a more in depth discussion of the risks and considerations identified
above.
Question
16:
|
Describe
the manner in which the current investment portfolio of the Fund would be
modified in connection with the Restructuring and whether there will be
any associated adverse costs or tax
consequences.
|
Answer: Initially
the New Advisers are considering investing up to 50% of the Fund’s assets in at
least three WHM Hedge Funds (up to approximately 17% of the Fund’s assets in
each WHM Hedge Fund). In addition, the New Advisers may in their
discretion make additional investments of up to 5% of the Fund’s assets (at the
time of investment) in other hedge funds, including WHM Hedge
Funds. Also as discussed above, removing the Concentration Policy
will allow the New Advisers more flexibility in investing in hedge funds and
managing the Fund’s remaining portfolio, allowing the New Advisers to invest the
Fund’s assets in a more diversified array of industries and investments, both
domestic and abroad. Due to the recent market volatility and the
credit crisis, it is difficult to predict where or in what industries the New
Advisers will focus.
As
discussed above, Wellington Management, in its capacity as a sub-adviser after
the Restructuring, will be charged with the task of holding and/or liquidating
the Legacy Holdings in a timely and prudent manner, generating cash for the New
Advisers to invest opportunistically. With respect to the Legacy
Holdings, an adviser normally would be concerned about the tax consequence of
aggressively liquidating a large portion of the Fund’s
portfolio. However, because the Fund has significant net unrealized
capital losses (i.e., $40 million as of September 30, 2009) and capital loss
carry forwards (i.e., $25.8 million expiring March 31, 2017), the sale of
existing portfolio securities is not expected to trigger net capital
gains. Also, it is anticipated that a portion of the Fund’s current
portfolio may be able to be exchanged “in-kind” for an interest in the WHM Hedge
Funds without the expectation of immediate tax consequences. In these
circumstances, the Fund would retain its cost basis in the “in-kind” securities
and would realize a gain or loss only when the hedge fund sells the respective
in-kind securities. The extent of any in-kind contribution, however,
cannot be determined until after the Effective Date.
Question
17:
|
Will
stockholders have access to the financial data of the WHM Hedge Funds or
other hedge funds in which the Fund
invests?
|
Answer: No. Managers
of hedge funds generally do not permit public disclosure of their hedge funds’
investment strategies, investment portfolios or other proprietary financial
information. Consequently, unlike the publicly available financial
information on the Fund’s investments in publicly-traded companies, stockholders
will not have public access to research and analysis on the hedge funds in which
the Fund invests.
The staff
of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC Staff”) has taken the
informal position that an investment company, such as the Fund, should provide
its stockholders with audited financial statements on an annual basis for a
private company in which the investment company invests, including hedge funds,
if the value of such investment exceeds 25% of the investment company’s net
asset value (measured as of the last day of each calendar quarter) (the “25%
Threshold”). In the SEC Staff’s view, the 25% Threshold is absolute
and the financial statement delivery requirement will apply regardless of
whether the 25% Threshold is exceeded as a result of the initial investment
amount, subsequent fluctuations in the market value of the private company
investment or the investment company’s other portfolio investments, or
otherwise. As discussed above, since hedge fund managers generally
will not permit public disclosure of the financial statements of the hedge funds
they manage, the Fund likely would be unable to satisfy the financial statement
delivery requirement if the Fund’s investment in any single hedge fund exceeds
the 25% Threshold. Accordingly, to avoid the possibility that the
Fund would exceed the 25% Threshold but not be able to provide the underlying
financial statements, the Fund has adopted policies and procedures to ensure
that the New Advisers continuously monitor the percentage the Fund has invested
in each of its hedge fund investments. Under these procedures, the
New Advisers will limit the Fund’s initial investment in any single hedge fund
to approximately 17% of the Fund’s net asset value at the time of investment and
will begin taking affirmative steps to reduce the Fund’s investment in any hedge
fund when the value of any such investment exceeds 22% of the Fund’s net asset
value.
Although
the New Advisers believe that Fund’s investments in hedge funds can be managed
so as not to exceed the 25% Threshold, if the value of one of the Fund’s hedge
fund investments increases precipitously while the remainder of the Fund’s
investments decreases, given the redemption notice period required by most hedge
fund advisers, the Fund may not be able to reduce its position quickly enough to
avoid exceeding the 25% Threshold prior to the measuring date at the end of a
calendar quarter. Moreover, because most hedge funds (including the
WHM Hedge Funds) impose a “lock up” period on new investors (i.e., new investors
cannot make redemption requests for a specified period, typically one year), the
Fund may be unable to redeem its interest in a hedge fund quickly enough to
avoid exceeding the 25% Threshold despite the Fund’s policies and
procedures.
Question
18:
|
Do
the investment activities contemplated by the Restructuring violate any
New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) listing
standards?
|
Answer: Presently,
there are no NYSE listing standards affecting NYSE members that invest in hedge
funds. However, in 2008, the American Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) filed a
proposed rule change with the Securities and Exchange Commission concerning a
“generic” listing standard for closed-end management investment companies of
hedge funds (the “AMEX Standard”). As proposed, the AMEX
Standard would have imposed significant obligations on member companies that
make investments of any size in any private
investment vehicle relying on specified exemptions under the 1940 Act
(e.g., hedge funds, private equity funds, pooled investment vehicles,
etc.). As proposed, the AMEX Standard would require, as a condition
of listing, that a member closed-end investment company (i) invest only in hedge
funds that independently report their net asset values weekly, and (ii) publicly
disclose all material information that an investee hedge fund makes available to
its investors (e.g., financial statements and
holdings). As discussed above, neither of these conditions is likely
to be feasible under the Restructuring.
The AMEX
Standard was not adopted prior to the acquisition of the AMEX by the NYSE, and
has not subsequently been adopted by the NYSE. Recently, two
closed-end funds (Western Asset Mortgage Defined Opportunity Fund and Nuveen
Mortgage Opportunity Term Fund 2) (the “PPIP Funds”) commenced trading on the
NYSE following completion of their initial public offerings. Each of
the PPIP Funds has indicated that it intends to invest a significant portion of
its assets in a private, pooled investment vehicle that is structured in a
manner similar to hedge funds. Each PPIP Fund has agreed to deliver
certain financial information to its stockholders in the event such investment
exceeds the 25% Threshold, in the same manner as the Fund as discussed above in
the response to Question 17. The NYSE permitted the PPIP Funds to be
listed without adopting the AMEX Standard, which led the Fund to believe that
the AMEX Standard had been abandoned by the NYSE. However, through
subsequent discussions with the SEC Staff and officials at the NYSE, the Fund
has confirmed that the SEC Staff is encouraging the NYSE to adopt a listing
standard substantially similar to the AMEX Standard. Such a listing
standard would be subject to the NYSE normal rulemaking procedures (i.e.,
publication, public comment, adoption, etc.) and could take some
time. However, if such a listing standard is eventually adopted and
the Restructuring is approved by stockholders and implemented by the New
Advisers (i.e., a portion of the Fund’s assets is invested in the WHM Hedge
Funds or any other private investment vehicle), the Fund likely would not be
able to satisfy the newly-adopted listing standard and thus would likely become
subject to de-listing by the NYSE unless the Fund receives an exemption from the
NYSE. In this event, the Fund’s shares would likely be limited to
trading in the over-the-counter market, although the Fund may seek to also list
its shares on a foreign exchange (e.g., Toronto Stock Exchange,
London Stock Exchange or AIM).
If the
Fund is required to de-list from the NYSE, the market liquidity for the Fund’s
common shares would likely be negatively affected, which may make it more
difficult for stockholders to sell their securities in the open market and may
negatively affect the market price of the Fund’s common shares and/or increase
the discount between the Fund’s net asset value and the market price of its
common shares. Even if the Fund is successful in listing its shares
on another domestic exchange or a foreign exchange, stockholders could
experience inconvenience and higher costs in trading their shares in the Fund,
particularly if the shares are listed on a foreign exchange. If the
Fund elects to list its shares on a foreign exchange, the Fund may be subject to
higher listing fees and other operating costs than those to which it is
currently subject. In addition, the Fund may become subject to
corporate governance standards that are potentially more restrictive and costly
than the NYSE corporate governance standards. The Fund is currently
exempt from state securities regulation because of its NYSE
listing. Upon de-listing, if the Fund issues new securities it would
be required to make state notice filings and pay state blue sky fees if it does
not list its shares on another exchange that continues this
exemption.
Question
19:
|
What
are the characteristics of the hedge funds in which the New Advisers
anticipate investing?
|
Answer: Presently,
the New Advisers are considering several WHM Hedge Funds for
investment. The two WHM Hedge Funds in which the Fund is most likely
to invest if the Restructuring is approved have the following
characteristics:
°
|
The
first fund takes aggressive, long positions in undervalued companies in
the financial services and related sectors that the fund’s manager
believes offer attractive investment opportunities. Such opportunities may
be created by market fragmentation, the trend toward consolidation in the
financial services sector, the relative obscurity of smaller companies, or
investor misunderstanding of fundamental financial
characteristics. The fund may also take short positions in
financial services companies and related sectors as a hedge against
specific long positions and to take advantage of specific opportunities
created by market disequilibrium. Securities for the portfolio
are selected primarily on the basis of fundamental value. The
fund’s manager focuses on companies with strong fundamental
characteristics that are undervalued relative to their long-term
potential, specifically analyzing the relationship between a company's
underlying earnings power and the market price of the
stock. Attractive valuations are often found in securities
issued by institutions that are not widely followed by institutional
research analysts. The key objective of the fund is to achieve
superior total returns on an absolute basis. In order to
achieve this goal, the fund makes investments throughout the capital
structure (e.g., preferred stock, convertible securities, fixed income
securities) and invests in companies with solid fundamentals and
attractive valuations, while shorting securities in those companies with
unsustainable valuations. The fund may also utilize leverage
and derivatives, including listed and unlisted index and stock options, to
hedge positions and enhance
returns.
|
°
|
The
second fund seeks capital appreciation through investments in both long
and short positions in the financial services sector as well as through
the use of leverage. The fund is managed by four experienced
investment managers as a team. The investment team takes a
broad approach to the global finance sector and invests in insurance
companies, securities brokers, asset management companies,
thrifts/building societies, banks, and companies that serve the finance
sector. Portfolio concentration in a sub-sector or sub-sectors
is determined by the number and risk/reward profiles of available
opportunities as well as general market conditions. The
managers employ a strict bottom-up approach and make investment decisions
based upon market valuations relative to company
fundamentals. The objective of the fund is to seek capital
appreciation over the long-term. The fund’s manager uses
allocation of capital, leverage, and the ability to short sell securities
as its primary tools in implementing investment conclusions as to the
relative attractiveness of individual securities. The fund may
also utilize derivatives, including listed and unlisted index and stock
options, to hedge positions and enhance returns. It is expected
that the fund’s portfolio will generally be net
long.
|
Question
20:
|
What will be the investment
approach of the New
Advisers?
|
Answer: In the
near term, in addition to the anticipated investments in the WHM Hedge Funds,
the New Advisers expect to invest primarily in common stocks, including dividend
paying common stocks such as those issued by utilities, real estate investment
trusts ("REITs") and regulated investment companies under the Code (as defined
below) ("RICs"). The Fund may also invest in fixed income securities
such as U.S. government securities, preferred stocks and
bonds. Although the Fund expects to invest primarily in securities of
U.S.-based companies, it may invest without limitation in foreign equity
securities and sovereign debt, in each case denominated in foreign
currency.
The New
Advisers intend to focus on securities issued by companies across a broad range
of industries. The Fund will not necessarily be a "large-cap",
"mid-cap" or "anything-cap" fund since the New Advisers believe it is unwise to
restrict investments to any particular size company. When the Fund makes an
investment in a common stock, it may take large positions consistent with its
status as a "non-diversified" investment company. It is also likely
to hold on to its investments for a long time, allowing the investments to do
what they are expected to do – earn money and grow. The New Advisers believe
such an approach is in the long-term best interest of stockholders as, the
longer stockholders hold their investment without selling, the longer they defer
paying taxes on any gains. Since the Horejsi Affiliates own such a
large stake in the Fund, the New Advisers are not likely to invest in anything
the Horejsi Affiliates would not buy for themselves. In the long run,
the New Advisers think that flexibility and value-type investing will produce
the best overall total return.
Question
21:
|
How
do the Fund’s largest stockholders intend to vote on these
Proposals?
|
Answer: The
Fund’s largest stockholders (described above as the “Horejsi Affiliates”) intend
to vote in favor of the Restructuring and each of the Proposals.
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
[Missing Graphic Reference]
|
2344
Spruce Street
Suite
A
Boulder,
Colorado 80302
www.firstopportunityfund.com
|
ANNUAL
MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
May 3,
2010
PROXY
STATEMENT
This
proxy statement (“Proxy Statement”) for First Opportunity Fund, Inc., a Maryland
corporation (the “Fund”), is furnished in connection with the solicitation of
proxies by the Fund's board of directors (collectively, the “Board” and
individually, the “Directors”) for use at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of
the Fund to be held on May 3, 2010 at 9:00 a.m. Mountain Daylight Time (local
time), at the St. Julien Hotel, 900 Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado and at any
adjournments and postponements thereof (the “Meeting”). A Notice of Annual
Meeting of Stockholders and proxy card for the Fund accompany this Proxy
Statement. Proxy solicitations will be made, beginning on or about April 5,
2010, primarily by mail, but proxy solicitations may also be made by telephone,
by Internet on the Fund’s website, or through email communications with
stockholders who have enrolled in the Fund’s electronic duplicate communications
service±, telegraph or personal interviews conducted by
officers of the Fund and proxy solicitors engaged in the discretion of the Fund.
If the Fund elects to engage a proxy solicitor, the costs of proxy solicitation
are not expected to exceed $25,000. Proxy solicitation expenses as
well as expenses incurred in connection with the preparation of this Proxy
Statement and its enclosures will be paid by the Fund. The Fund also will
reimburse brokerage firms and others for their expenses in forwarding
solicitation material to the beneficial owners of its shares. The Board has
fixed the close of business on March 29, 2010 as the record date (the “Record
Date”) for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote
at the Meeting and any postponements or adjournments thereof.
The
Annual Report of the Fund, including audited financial statements for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2009, has been mailed to stockholders. Additional copies of
the Fund’s most recent Annual Report are available upon request, without charge,
by writing to First Opportunity Fund, Inc., 2344 Spruce Street, Suite A,
Boulder, Colorado 80302 or by calling (877) 561-7914. The report is also
viewable online at the Fund’s website at www.firstopportunityfund.com. The
Annual Report is not to be regarded as proxy solicitation material.
One
Proxy Statement is being delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address,
unless the Fund has received contrary instructions from one or more of the
stockholders. The Fund will undertake to deliver promptly, upon
written or oral request, a separate copy of the proxy statement to any
stockholder who contacts the Fund in writing, or by phone, as stated
above. Similarly, stockholders sharing an address can request single
copies of a future proxy statement or annual report by contacting the Fund in
writing or by contacting the Fund’s transfer agent.
An
electronic copy of the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the Proxy
Statement, and a proxy card for the Fund for your vote at the Meeting is
available online at www.firstopportunityfund.com.
Wellington
Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”) at 75 State Street, Boston,
Massachusetts 02109, currently serves as the investment adviser to the
Fund. Fund Administrative Services, L.L.C. (“FAS”), 2344 Spruce
Street, Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80302, and ALPS Fund Services,
Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, serve as
co-administrators to the Fund. Computershare Trust Company, N.A. acts
as the transfer agent to the Fund and is located at 250 Royall Street, Canton,
Massachusetts 02021.
± Stockholders can receive timely
information about the Fund quickly and conveniently! The Fund
offers the option for electronic delivery of DUPLICATE copies of all stockholder
communications. You can choose the timeliness and convenience of receiving and
reviewing stockholder communications, such as annual reports and proxy
statements, online in addition to, but more quickly than, the hard copies you
currently receive in the mail. If you sign up for the option, you will receive
an e-mail notification when stockholder communications are available, containing
a link to those communications on the Internet. HOWEVER, presently you will not
be able to vote your shares using these links and will have to wait to vote
using the hard copies you receive in the mail or electronically from your
broker, the transfer agent or proxyvote.com. For more information,
please visit the Fund’s website at www.firstopportunityfund.com.
If the
enclosed proxy is properly executed and returned by May 3, 2010, in time to be
voted at the Meeting, the Shares (as defined below) represented thereby will be
voted in accordance with the instructions marked thereon. Unless instructions to
the contrary are marked thereon, a proxy will be voted FOR each of the Proposals
and, in the discretion of the proxy holders, on any other matters that may
properly come before the Meeting. Any stockholder who has given a proxy has the
right to revoke it at any time prior to its exercise either by attending the
Meeting and casting his or her votes in person or by submitting a letter of
revocation or a later-dated proxy to the Fund’s secretary at the above address
prior to the date of the Meeting.
A quorum
of the Fund’s stockholders is required for the conduct of business at the
Meeting. Under the bylaws of the Fund (the “Bylaws”), a quorum is constituted by
the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the votes
entitled to be cast (without regard to class) as of the Record Date. Each of the
outstanding Shares (as defined below) is entitled to cast one
vote. In the event that a quorum is not present at the Meeting, the
chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting to a date not more than 120 days
after the Record Date without notice other than an announcement at the
meeting. In the event that a quorum is present but sufficient votes
to approve one or more Proposals are not received, the persons named as proxies
may propose and vote for one or more adjournments of the Meeting to permit
further solicitation of proxies with respect to any Proposal that did not
receive the votes necessary for its passage. Any such adjournment will require
the affirmative vote of a majority of votes cast on the matter at the
Meeting. With respect to those Proposals for which there is
represented a sufficient number of votes in favor, actions taken at the Meeting
will be approved and implemented irrespective of any adjournments with respect
to any other Proposals..
The Fund
has one class of stock: common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common
Stock” or the “Shares”). On the Record Date, there were 28,739,389 Shares issued
and outstanding. Each Share is entitled to one vote at the Meeting and
fractional Shares are entitled to proportionate shares of one vote.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN
BENEFICIAL OWNERS. The following
table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of the
Shares as of the Record Date by each person who is known by the Fund to
beneficially own 5% or more of the Common Stock.
Name
of Owner
|
Number
of Shares
Directly
Owned (1)
|
Number
of Shares
Beneficially
Owned
|
Percentage
Beneficially
Owned
|
Stewart
R. Horejsi Trust No. 2 (1)*
|
2,169,602
|
2,169,602
|
7.55%
|
Lola
Brown Trust No. 1B (1)*
|
4,272,118
|
4,272,118
|
14.87%
|
Mildred
B. Horejsi Trust (1)*
|
2,025,122
|
2,025,122
|
7.05%
|
Susan
L. Ciciora Trust (1)*
|
1,737,573
|
1,737,573
|
6.05%
|
Aggregate
Shares Owned by Horejsi Affiliates (defined below)
|
10,204,415
|
10,204,415
|
35.51%
|
T.
Rowe Price Associates, Inc.**
|
2,064,331
|
2,064,331
|
7.18%
|
*
|
The
address of each listed owner is c/o The Alaska Trust Company, LLC, 1029
West Third Avenue, Suite 400, Anchorage,
AK 99501.
|
**
|
These
securities are owned by various individual and institutional investors for
which T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“Price Associates”) serves as
investment adviser with power to direct investments and/or sole power to
vote the securities. For purposes of the reporting requirements
of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, Price Associates is deemed to
be a beneficial owner of such securities; however, Price Associates
expressly disclaims that it is, in fact, the beneficial owner of such
securities. Shares stated are as reported in a Schedule 13G
Amendment No. 1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
February 12, 2010.
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(1)
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Direct
Ownership. The Susan L. Ciciora Trust (the “Susan
Trust”), Mildred B. Horejsi Trust (the “Mildred Trust”), Lola Brown Trust
No. 1B (the “Brown Trust”), and Stewart R. Horejsi Trust No. 2 (“SRH
Trust”) directly own the shares indicated for such entity in the table
above, totaling 10,204,415 (35.51%). These trusts (the
“Trusts”) along with Alaska Trust Company (“ATC”) and Stewart R. Horejsi
are, as a group, considered to be a “control person” of the Fund (as that
term is defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended). These entities and other trusts or companies with
interlocking trusteeship, management and/or common ownership may be deemed
to indirectly own additional Fund shares, which are included in the table
above. ATC is (i) the sole trustee of the Susan Trust; (ii)
together with Brian Sippy and Susan Ciciora (Mr. Horejsi’s daughter), one
of three trustees of the Mildred Trust; and (iii) together with Larry
Dunlap and Ms. Ciciora, one of three trustees of the Brown
Trust. ATC is a commercial trust company organized under
the laws of Alaska, of which 98% of the outstanding and voting securities
are owned by the Stewart West Indies Trust (“West Indies Trust”). Douglas
J. Blattmachr, President of ATC, owns 2% of the outstanding shares of
ATC. The Directors and officers of ATC are Larry L. Dunlap
(Director), Stephen C. Miller (Vice President and Director), Mr.
Blattmachr (President and Director), Brandon Cintula (Vice President and
Director), and Richard Thwaites (Secretary/Treasurer and
Director). ATC, its officers and its directors disclaim
beneficial ownership of shares owned directly by the
Trusts.
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____________________________
Solely
for ease of reference, the Susan Trust, Mildred Trust, Brown Trust, ATC, SRH
Trust, as well as other trusts and entities associated with the Horejsi family
are collectively referred to herein as the “Horejsi Affiliates”. Information as
to beneficial ownership above has been obtained from a representative of the
beneficial owners; all other information as to beneficial ownership is based on
reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) by such
beneficial owners.
As of the
Record Date, Cede & Co., a nominee partnership of the Depository Trust
Company, held of record, but not beneficially, 27,884,452 shares or 97.03% of
Common Stock outstanding of the Fund.
As of the
Record Date, the Trusts, executive officers and directors of the Fund, as a
group, owned 10,254,799 shares of Common Stock (this amount includes the
aggregate shares of Common Stock owned by the Horejsi Affiliates set forth
above), representing 35.68% of Common Stock.
OVERVIEW
OF PROPOSALS
This
Proxy Statement describes six proposals (together the
“Proposals”). The first four Proposals (the “Restructuring
Proposals”), if approved, will provide enhanced investment flexibility to the
New Advisers (defined below) and expand the universe of investments in which the
Fund may invest. Proposals 1 and 2 ask stockholders to approve new
advisory agreements between the Fund and the New Advisers (the “Advisory
Agreements”) and Proposal 3 asks stockholders to approve a new sub-advisory
agreement between Wellington Management, the New Advisers and the Fund (the
“Sub-Advisory Agreement”). Proposal 4 asks stockholders to remove the
Fund’s fundamental policy of investing at least 65% of its assets in financial
services companies (the “Concentration Policy”). Proposal 5 is a
precautionary proposal which, if the Restructuring Proposals fail to pass, will
amend the Concentration Policy such that the threshold for investing in
financial services companies will be reduced to 25% from its current threshold
of 65%. And finally, Proposal 6 is for the election of
Directors. The Board, including the Directors who are not “interested
persons” of the Fund within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) (the “Independent Directors”),
unanimously recommends that you vote “FOR” all the Proposals. The
Horejsi Affiliates, which hold approximately 35.51% of the Fund's outstanding
Common Stock, have informed the Board that they will vote their Shares FOR all
the Proposals.
PROPOSALS
1 AND 2
TO
APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENTS WITH RMA AND
SIA
Background of the
Proposals. Wellington Management has managed the Fund since
its inception in 1986. Over this term of management, the Fund has
significantly outperformed its peer groups and the relevant indices. During the
past several years, in response to material changes in the financial services
industry since the Fund was initially launched, the Board has reviewed a number
of options to seek to improve the risk-adjusted return of the Fund by initially
removing certain investment restrictions. In 2008, the Board encouraged
management to identify unnecessary investment restrictions and streamline the
Fund to provide Wellington Management with additional investment flexibility to
take advantage of investment opportunities. In April 2008, Fund management, in
conjunction with Wellington Management, conducted a comprehensive survey of the
investment restrictions imposed on the Fund, and Fund management recommended
fundamental changes to the Fund’s diversification status and investment
policies. In May 2008, the Board held a special meeting to consider a set of
proposals to eliminate or revise the Fund’s investment restrictions and
policies, some of which would be submitted to stockholders for consideration at
the annual meeting in July 2008. In particular, management recommended changing
the name of the Fund to eliminate the term “Financial”, changing the investment
objective to “total return” and changing the Fund from a “diversified” to a
“non-diversified” investment company, the latter two requiring a vote of a
majority of the Fund’s outstanding shares. In July 2008, stockholders approved
changing the Fund’s investment objective to “total return” and reclassifying the
investment objective as non-fundamental. In addition, stockholders approved
changing the Fund’s classification and related fundamental investment
restriction to “non-diversified” and approved elimination of the Fund’s
fundamental investment restriction regarding the ability to hold greater than 5%
in a single issuer. Although these changes provided Wellington Management
significantly more investment latitude, they still fell short of providing the
flexibility utilized by the WHM Hedge Funds.
In the
past, at the Board’s request in conjunction with the Board’s annual
consideration of Wellington Management’s investment advisory contract,
Wellington Management has provided the investment returns of certain hedge funds
sponsored by an affiliate of Wellington Management, Wellington Hedge Management
LLC (“WHM”) (the “WHM Hedge Funds”) and managed by Wellington Management and the
Fund’s current portfolio manager. Even though these hedge funds have investment
objectives similar to the Fund’s, these private funds employ different
investment strategies, including short selling and have at times outperformed
the Fund. This was especially the case during the most recent market
downturn when the Fund, having a “long only” investment approach, was not able
to take advantage of the many short selling opportunities offered by the
financial industry. Wellington Management does not engage in short
selling in portfolios that require public disclosure of its short
positions. Thus, the Fund cannot take advantage of short selling and
retain Wellington Management as the investment adviser under its current
structure. In addition, compared to registered investment companies,
hedge funds have fewer regulatory constraints which permits them greater
flexibility to engage in a broader array of, and less constrained, investment
strategies, such as the use of short sales, leverage and
derivatives. The Board then asked management to review options that
would allow the Fund to take greater advantage of the talents of Wellington
Management and its investment personnel, and the broader array of, and less
constrained, investment strategies that hedge funds may offer, to seek to
improve the risk-adjusted return of the Fund for the benefit of
stockholders.
In
October 2008, representatives of the Fund and Wellington Management met to
discuss the feasibility, and technical, operational and legal issues in
connection with a direct investment by the Fund in the WHM Hedge Funds. It was
quickly determined that, because of the affiliate restrictions under the 1940
Act, the Fund could not invest in any Wellington Management-affiliated hedge
funds while Wellington Management was the primary adviser to the
Fund. As an alternative, the parties discussed the possibility of
Wellington Management being replaced by the Board with the New Advisers as
investment adviser, and then the New Advisers making the investment decision to
invest in the WHM Hedge Funds. The Board believed this structure would
indirectly provide stockholders with better access to the unrestricted
investment tools of Wellington Management and its investment
personnel. A set of issues arose out of the October discussions that
Fund management and counsel for the Fund had to research and consider and, if
feasible, present to the Board their recommendation at the next regular meeting
in February 2009.
At the
February 2009 meeting, the Board reviewed memoranda prepared by management and
counsel addressing a number of technical, legal and tax issues identified during
the preceding months. In particular, these memoranda addressed the threshold
question of whether the Fund could make meaningful investments in WHM Hedge
Funds. It was determined that, under the proposed restructuring
(i.e., the Board replacing Wellington Management with the New Advisers as the
primary advisers), the Fund would be able to make significant investments in the
WHM Hedge Funds. Over the next three months, management and counsel continued
their analysis of a potential restructuring and, at the Board’s next regular
meeting in April 2009, management presented a formal proposal which contemplated
Wellington Management being replaced as the Fund’s primary
adviser, and the New Advisers being appointed to that role,
Wellington Management becoming a sub-adviser to the Fund, and removing the
Concentration Policy (together the “Restructuring”). The Board also
considered a memorandum prepared by Wellington Management regarding issues to
consider regarding the proposed Restructuring. The Board considered the
Restructuring at a special meeting of the Board on April 16, 2009, and again at
its regularly scheduled meetings on April 24, 2009 and July 24,
2009. At the meeting held on April 24, 2009, the Board, by unanimous
vote (including a separate vote of the Independent Directors), approved the
Advisory Agreements, Sub-Advisory Agreement and removing the Concentration
Policy and recommended they be submitted to stockholders for
approval. At the meeting held on July 24, 2009, the Board
considered SEC Staff comments to the Fund’s preliminary proxy statement
concerning the extent to which the Fund could invest in WHM Hedge Funds or other
hedge funds without having to provide disclosure with respect to investee hedge
fund financial statements. In response to comments received by the
SEC Staff, the Board adopted policies and procedures that would limit the Fund’s
initial investment in any single hedge fund to approximately 17% of the Fund’s
net asset value at the time of investment and would require affirmative steps to
reduce the Fund’s investment in any hedge fund when the value of any such
investment exceeds 22% of the Fund’s net asset value.
Summary of the Restructuring
Proposals.
The
Restructuring Proposals include three distinct proposals:
1.
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Approval
of new co-advisory agreements (i.e., the Advisory Agreements) between the
Fund and Rocky Mountain Advisers, L.L.C. (“RMA”) and Stewart Investment
Advisers (“SIA”) (together, the “New
Advisers”);
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2.
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Approval
of a new sub-advisory agreement (i.e., the Sub-Advisory Agreement) between
the Fund and Wellington Management, whereby Wellington Management will
manage a discrete portfolio of securities (defined below as the “Legacy
Holdings”) for a period of two years after the effective date of the
Restructuring (i.e., the date on which stockholders approve the
Restructuring Proposals) (the “Effective Date”);
and
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3.
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Removing
the Concentration Policy.
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The
Restructuring was conceived primarily to give the Fund significant access to the
WHM Hedge Funds. In order to accomplish this and to comply with
federal securities laws, the Restructuring contemplates segregating the Fund’s
assets into two discrete portfolios:
1.
|
The
first portfolio, which would include any investment in a WHM Hedge Fund,
would be determined and managed by the New Advisers in their sole
discretion. Because the WHM Hedge Funds and the Fund hold many
of the same or similar securities, it is anticipated that the Fund will
contribute “in-kind” some portion of its current holdings to the WHM Hedge
Funds in exchange for an equity interest in the WHM Hedge Funds, although
the extent of any in-kind contribution cannot be determined until after
the Effective Date. In addition, the New Advisers would assume
responsibility for all cash or cash equivalent assets, as well as certain
of the Fund’s large cap equity holdings familiar to the New
Advisers. Finally, as Legacy Holdings (defined below) are
liquidated, proceeds will be turned over to the New Advisers to be
invested in accordance with the Fund’s investment
objective.
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2.
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The
second portfolio, which would include all the Fund’s remaining assets not
assumed by the New Advisers, anticipated to be fair-valued and other
liquidity-challenged securities (the “Legacy Holdings”), would be managed
by Wellington Management in accordance with the Fund’s investment
objective but with a view toward liquidating the assets to generate cash
for the New Advisers to invest. Wellington Management’s role
would be limited solely to continuing to hold or selling the Legacy
Holdings, and/or familiarizing the New Advisers with the Legacy Holdings.
Any proceeds realized from the sale of Legacy Holdings would be turned
over to the New Advisers to manage. After the Effective Date,
Wellington Management would have no authority to directly purchase any
security or investment for the Fund. The Restructuring
contemplates Wellington Management managing the Legacy Holdings for a
period not to exceed two years after the Effective Date, at which time any
Legacy Holdings still held by the Fund would be turned over to the New
Advisers and the Sub-Advisory Agreement would
terminate.
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The Board
believes it is important to engage Wellington Management as a temporary
sub-adviser because the Fund is presently invested primarily in securities
issued by smaller financial services companies which were chosen and are
overseen by Wellington Management in its current capacity as the Fund’s sole
adviser and with respect to which the New Advisers have limited
familiarity. The two-year time limit is designed to give the New
Advisers a chance to familiarize themselves with the remaining Legacy
Holdings.
Reasons for the Restructuring
Proposals. The Board and New Advisers firmly believe that
increasing investment flexibility is crucial to maximizing stockholder value and
that giving the Fund the capabilities to invest in the WHM Hedge Funds gives
stockholders maximum flexibility. The Board and New Advisers also
believe that restructuring the Fund so that it can invest significantly in the
WHM Hedge Funds will provide the opportunity for superior risk-adjusted
returns. Finally, the Board and the New Advisers believe that recent
market events including the sub-prime fiasco and the banking, credit and
liquidity crisis, have disproportionately impacted the Fund under its
Concentration Policy, and that the continuation of the Concentration Policy
could expose the Fund to considerable risk and volatility should the financial
services industry take a farther downturn.
Risks and Special Considerations
Associated with the Restructuring Proposals. The Restructuring
Proposals will necessarily change the risk profile of the Fund and stockholders
should consider the following risks and special considerations in determining
whether to vote in favor of the Restructuring Proposals or whether their
investment in the Fund is suitable.
Risks Related to Types of
Investments and Investment Strategies. Hedge fund investments
selected by the New Advisers (collectively, “Hedge Funds”) may invest and trade
in a wide range of instruments and markets and thus give rise to the wide range
of risks associated with such instruments and markets. For
example:
·
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Hedge
Funds may invest in all types of securities and financial instruments,
including but not limited to equities, fixed income investments, options,
futures, swaps and other derivatives or derivative transactions
(“Derivatives”). Such investments may be illiquid and highly leveraged, or
subject to extreme volatility.
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·
|
Hedge
Funds may use a wide range of investment techniques, some of which may
subject investors to heightened risk (e.g., leveraging, selling securities
short, etc.).
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·
|
Hedge
Funds are generally not limited in the markets in which they are expected
to invest, or the investment discipline that their managers may employ,
such as value or growth or bottom-up or top-down
analysis.
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·
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Hedge
Funds may use various investment techniques for hedging and non-hedging
purposes, some of which may subject investors to heightened risk (e.g.,
selling securities short, purchasing and selling options
contracts and entering into other
Derivatives).
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Investment
in a particular “type” of investment or the use of a particular technique may be
an integral part of a Hedge Fund’s investment strategy and may involve certain
risks and result in significant losses. The above risk factors and
considerations, as well as other risk factors and considerations associated with
investing in Hedge Funds, are discussed in greater detail under the subheading
“Investments by Hedge Funds” below. There can be no assurance that WHM or other
managers of Hedge Funds selected by the New Advisers will succeed in any of
these investment types or techniques.
Hedge Fund Strategy
Risk. The Fund will be subject to Hedge Fund strategy risk.
Strategy risk refers to the failure or deterioration of investment or trading
techniques employed within or across strategies, such that some or all managers
employing such techniques may suffer significant losses.
·
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Losses
associated with strategy risk may result from excessive concentration by
multiple managers in the same or similar trading
positions.
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·
|
Broad
events or market dislocations, particularly those accompanied by
illiquidity, may adversely affect a wide range of Hedge Funds in certain
strategies.
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·
|
Many
of the trading or investment strategies employed by Hedge Funds are
speculative and involve substantial risks. Specific strategy risks
relating to Hedge Fund strategies include, for example, strategies
utilized by managers in the general hedged equity, event driven,
distressed securities, short-selling, opportunistic/macro and
international/emerging markets trading
sectors.
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The
application of a particular strategy may be an integral part of a Hedge Fund’s
investment approach and may involve certain risks and result in significant
losses. The above risk factors and considerations, as well as other
risk factors and considerations associated with investing in Hedge Funds, are
discussed in greater detail under the subheading “Investments by Hedge Funds”
below. There can be no assurance that WHM or other managers of Hedge
Funds selected by the New Advisers will succeed in any of these
strategies.
Non-Diversified
Status. As a non-diversified investment company, the Fund is
not subject to percentage limitations imposed by the 1940 Act on the portion of
its assets that may be invested in the securities of any one issuer. Also, there
are no requirements under the 1940 Act that the investments of the Hedge Funds
be diversified and the Hedge Funds may, in some cases, concentrate their
investments in a single industry or group of related industries. As a result,
the Fund’s investment portfolio may be subject to greater risk and volatility
than if it were subject to the diversification requirements under the 1940
Act. Presently under the 1940 Act, there are no percentage
limitations regarding the level of investment the Fund can make in Hedge Funds,
although new laws or regulations may change this at any time.
The Fund
is, however, subject to certain asset diversification requirements relating to
its tax status as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under the Internal
Revenue Code (the “Code”). Management of the Fund will seek to
satisfy these asset diversification requirements on a “look through” basis with
respect to the Fund’s investments in Hedge Funds, such that the Fund considers
the underlying holdings of those Hedge Funds in measuring the Fund’s
diversification for this purpose. Hedge funds are not generally required to
provide current complete holdings information regarding their investments to
their investors (including the Fund). Thus, the Fund may not be able
to determine whether such diversification requirements have been met on a
“look-through” basis.
Lack of
Liquidity. The Fund’s interests in the Hedge Funds will
generally be illiquid. The Fund may make investments in, or withdrawals from,
the Hedge Funds only at certain times specified in the governing documents of
the Hedge Funds. The Fund will typically be able to dispose of Hedge
Fund interests that it has purchased only on a periodic basis, subject to
advance notice requirements. In addition, Hedge Funds may impose certain
restrictions on withdrawals, such as lock-ups, gates, or suspensions of
withdrawal rights under certain circumstances, during which time the Fund may
not withdraw all or part of its interest in the Hedge Fund, or may withdraw only
by paying a penalty. There may be times when the New Advisers intend to withdraw
all or a portion of the Fund’s investment in a Hedge Fund but cannot immediately
do so even when other investors in the Hedge Fund are able to
withdraw.
Fluctuations in
Value. Since the New Advisers anticipate initially investing
50% of the Fund’s assets in Hedge Funds, the value of the Fund’s net assets will
fluctuate significantly based on the fluctuation in the value of the Hedge Funds
in which it invests. To the extent that the portfolio of a Hedge Fund is
concentrated in securities of a single issuer or issuers in a single industry or
market, the risk of the Fund’s investment in that Hedge Fund will be increased.
Hedge Funds may be more likely than other types of funds to engage in the use of
leverage, short sales and Derivatives. A Hedge Fund’s use of such transactions
is likely to cause the value of the Fund’s portfolio to appreciate or depreciate
at a greater rate than if such techniques were not used. The investment
environment in which the Hedge Funds invest may be influenced by, among other
things, interest rates, inflation, politics, fiscal policy, current events,
competition, productivity, technological and regulatory change.
Multiple Fees and
Expenses. As discussed below under “Advisory Agreements”, the
New Advisers will be paid an asset-based fee (i.e., the Proposed Fee (described
below)) on the Managed Assets (described below) including any investments in Hedge
Funds. In addition, Hedge Fund managers typically are paid an
asset-based fee in the range of 1.00% to 2.00% of total
assets. Moreover, Hedge Fund managers typically are paid
performance-based fees in the range of 20% of profits with respect to annual
gains generated in their Hedge Funds. Thus, under the Restructuring,
there is the potential for multiple advisory fees to be paid and consequently
advisory-related fees could be significantly higher, especially when there are
net gains in the Hedge Fund. However, as described below, the New
Advisers have agreed to waive their fees in an amount equal to up to 1.00% of
the Fund’s assets invested in a WHM Fund to offset any asset-based fees (but not
any performance-based fees) paid to WHM with respect to the Fund’s
assets. WHM charges an asset-based fee of 1.00% to the WHM Hedge
Funds presently under consideration for investment by the New
Advisers. In any event, an investor in the Fund may be subject to
higher operating expenses than otherwise if invested in another closed-end fund
with a different investment focus.
The
receipt of a performance-based fee by a Hedge Fund manager may create an
incentive for the manager to make investments that are riskier or more
speculative than those that might have been made in the absence of such fees.
Further, because a performance-based fee will generally be calculated on a basis
that includes unrealized appreciation of the Fund’s assets, such fee may be
greater than if it were based solely on realized gains. In addition, a Hedge
Fund manager will receive any performance-based fee to which it is entitled,
irrespective of the performance of the other Hedge Funds in the Fund generally.
Thus, a Hedge Fund manager with positive performance may receive compensation
from the Fund even if the Fund’s overall returns are negative.
Concentration. If
stockholders approve Proposal 4, which would remove the Concentration Policy,
the Fund would not concentrate, or invest 25% or more of the value of its total
assets in the securities (other than U.S. Government securities) of issuers
engaged in a single industry or group of related industries (but the Fund may
and intends to invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in Hedge
Funds). Hedge Funds generally are not subject to similar industry concentration
restrictions on their investments and, in some cases, may invest 25% or more of
the value of their total assets in a single industry or group of related
industries. It is possible that, at any given time, the assets of
Hedge Funds in which the Fund has invested will have investments in a single
industry or group of related industries that when combined with the direct
holdings of the Fund in the same industry or group of industries might
constitute 25% or more of the value of the Fund’s total
assets. Because these circumstances may arise, the Fund is subject to
greater investment risk to the extent that a significant portion of its assets
may at some times be invested, directly or indirectly, through Hedge Funds in
which it invests, in the securities of issuers engaged in similar businesses
that are likely to be affected by the same market conditions and other
industry-specific risk factors. Hedge Funds are not generally
required to provide current information regarding their investments to their
investors (including the Fund). Thus, the Fund and the New Advisers
may not be able to determine at any given time whether or the extent to which
Hedge Funds, in the aggregate, have invested 25% or more of their combined
assets in any particular industry or group of related industries.
If
stockholders approve the Restructuring, including Proposal 4, the Fund would
likely be concentrated in the securities of financial services companies
immediately following the Effective Date, as a result of the current
effectiveness of the Concentration Policy. However, the New Advisers
would seek to reduce the Fund’s holdings in financial services companies to
below 25% of the Fund’s assets in as prompt and prudent manner
possible.
Duplicative Transaction
Costs. Hedge Fund managers make the investment decisions for their Hedge
Funds independently of each other. Consequently, at any particular time, one
Hedge Fund may be purchasing interests in an issuer that at the same time are
being sold by another Hedge Fund. Investing by the Hedge Funds in this manner
will cause the Fund to indirectly incur certain transaction costs without
accomplishing any net investment result. Similarly, Wellington
Management, in its management of the Legacy Holdings or the New Advisers in
managing non-Hedge Fund investments, may be selling interests in an issuer that
at the same time are being purchased by another Hedge Fund, again causing the
Fund to indirectly incur certain transaction costs without accomplishing any net
investment results.
Hedge Funds Not Registered.
The Hedge Funds generally will not be registered as investment companies under
the 1940 Act and the Fund, as an investor in these Hedge Funds, will not have
the benefit of the protections afforded by the 1940 Act to investors in
registered investment companies. The 1940 Act provides certain protections to
investors such as an independent board of directors and imposes certain investor
protection restrictions on registered investment companies and their affiliates.
These protections include: (i) the requirement that an investment company have
an independent board of directors with fiduciary duties to shareholders to
oversee, among other things, the activities of the investment advisor, including
approval of management fees and the ability to remove the investment advisor;
(ii) prohibitions on affiliated transactions; (iii) the requirement of a code of
ethics; (iv) custody and safekeeping of assets; (v) disclosure and continuous
reporting requirements; (vi) record keeping requirements; and (vii) general
protections against wrongdoing. including requirements to provide investors with
periodic reporting and certain standardized pricing and valuation information.
Although the New Advisers will periodically receive information from each Hedge
Fund regarding its investment performance and investment strategy, the New
Advisers may have little or no means of independently verifying this
information. Hedge Funds are not contractually or otherwise obligated to inform
their investors, including the Fund, of details surrounding proprietary
investment strategies. In addition, the Fund and the New Advisers will have no
control over the Hedge Funds’ investment management, brokerage, custodial
arrangements or operations and must rely on the experience and competency of
each Hedge Fund manager in these areas.
Special Tax Risks. The Fund
has elected to, and intends to meet the requirements necessary to, qualify as a
“regulated investment company” or “RIC” under Subchapter M of the Code. As such,
the Fund must satisfy, among other requirements, certain ongoing asset
diversification, source-of-income and annual distribution requirements. Each of
these ongoing requirements for qualification for the favorable tax treatment
available to RICs requires that the Fund obtain information from the Hedge Funds
in which the Fund is invested. Management of the Fund will seek to
satisfy the asset diversification requirements on a “look through” basis with
respect to the Fund’s investments in Hedge Funds, such that the Fund considers
the underlying holdings of those Hedge Funds in measuring the Fund’s
diversification for this purpose.
If before
the end of any quarter of its taxable year, the Fund believes that it may fail
the asset diversification requirement, the Fund may seek to take certain actions
to avert such a failure. The Fund may try to acquire additional interests in
Hedge Funds to bring itself into compliance with the asset diversification test.
However, the action frequently taken by RICs to avert such a failure, the
disposition of non-diversified assets, may be difficult for the Fund to pursue
because the Fund may redeem its interest in a Hedge Fund only at certain times
specified by the governing documents of each respective Hedge Fund. While
relevant provisions also afford the Fund a 30-day period after the end of the
relevant quarter in which to cure a diversification failure by disposing of
non-diversified assets, the constraints on the Fund’s ability to effect a
redemption from a Hedge Fund referred to above may limit utilization of this
cure period.
If the
Fund fails to satisfy the asset diversification or other RIC requirements, it
may lose its status as a RIC under the Code. In that case, all of its taxable
income would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates
without any deduction for distributions to the Fund’s stockholders. In addition,
all distributions (including distributions of net capital gain) would be taxed
to their recipients as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and
accumulated earnings and profits. Accordingly, disqualification as a RIC would
have a material adverse effect on the value of the Fund’s shares and the amount
of the Fund’s distributions.
Risks Associated with Investments by
Hedge Funds.
Equity
Securities. Hedge Funds may hold long and short positions in
common stocks, preferred stocks and convertible securities of U.S. and non-U.S.
issuers. Hedge Funds also may invest in depositary receipts or shares relating
to non-U.S. securities. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on
factors unrelated to the fundamental economic condition of the issuer of the
securities, including general economic and market conditions, and these
fluctuations can be pronounced. Hedge Funds may purchase securities
in all available securities trading markets and may invest in equity securities
without restriction as to market capitalization.
Leverage. Some or
all of the Hedge Funds may make margin purchases of securities and, in
connection with these purchases, borrow money from brokers and banks for
investment purposes. This practice, which is known as “leverage,” is speculative
and involves certain risks. Although the New Advisers do not currently
anticipate that the Fund will engage directly in leveraging, the Fund is
permitted to deploy leverage and other investment companies managed by the
Boulder Advisers are leveraged. So, it is likely that, eventually, the Fund will
deploy leverage, but only to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
Trading
equity securities on margin involves an initial cash requirement representing at
least a percentage of the underlying security’s value. Borrowings to purchase
equity securities are typically secured by the pledge of those securities. Hedge
Funds may also finance securities purchases through the use of reverse
repurchase agreements with banks, brokers and other financial institutions.
Although leverage will increase investment returns if a Hedge Fund earns a
greater return on the investments purchased with borrowed funds than it pays for
the use of those funds, the use of leverage will decrease the return on a Hedge
Fund if the Hedge Fund fails to earn as much on investments purchased with
borrowed funds as it pays for the use of those funds. The use of leverage will
in this way magnify the volatility of changes in the value of an investment in
the Hedge Funds. In the event that a Hedge Fund’s equity or debt instruments
decline in value, the Hedge Fund could be subject to a “margin call” or
“collateral call,” under which the Hedge Fund must either deposit additional
collateral with the lender or suffer mandatory liquidation of the pledged
securities to compensate for the decline in value. In the event of a sudden,
precipitous drop in value of a Hedge Fund’s assets, the Hedge Fund might not be
able to liquidate assets quickly enough to pay off its borrowing. Money borrowed
for leveraging will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be
recovered by return on the securities purchased. Hedge Funds may be required to
maintain minimum average balances in connection with its borrowings or to pay a
commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these
requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest
rate.
Section
18 of the 1940 Act requires a registered investment company such as the Fund to
satisfy certain asset coverage requirements relative to its indebtedness. This
limit is not expected to apply to any of the Hedge Funds in which the Fund
intends to invest, so the Fund’s portfolio may be exposed to the risk of highly
leveraged investment programs of certain Hedge Funds and thus increase the
volatility of the Fund’s investment. In seeking “leveraged” market
exposure in certain investments and in attempting to increase overall returns, a
Hedge Fund may purchase options and other synthetic instruments that do not
constitute “indebtedness” for purposes of the 1940 Act but may nevertheless
involve significant economic leverage and may, in some cases, involve
significant risks of loss.
Short Sales. A
Hedge Fund may attempt to limit its exposure to a possible market decline in the
value of its portfolio securities through short sales of securities that its
manager believes possess volatility characteristics similar to those being
hedged. A Hedge Fund may also use short sales for non-hedging purposes to pursue
its investment objectives if, in the manager’s view, the security is over-valued
in relation to the issuer’s prospects for earnings growth. Short selling is
speculative in nature and, in certain circumstances, can substantially increase
the effect of adverse price movements on a Hedge Fund’s portfolio. A short sale
of a security involves the risk of an unlimited increase in the market price of
the security that can in turn result in an inability to cover the short position
and a theoretically unlimited loss. There can be no assurance that securities
necessary to cover a Hedge Fund’s short position will be available for
purchase.
A Hedge
Fund may make “short sales against-the-box,” in which it will sell short
securities it owns or has the right to obtain without payment of additional
consideration. If a Hedge Fund makes a short sale against-the-box, it will be
required to set aside securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities
sold short (or securities convertible or exchangeable into those securities) and
will be required to hold those securities while the short sale is outstanding. A
Hedge Fund will incur transaction costs, including interest expenses, in
connection with initiating, maintaining and closing out short sales
against-the-box.
Special Investment Instruments and
Techniques. Hedge Funds may utilize a variety of special
investment instruments and techniques described below to hedge the portfolios of
the Hedge Funds against various risks, such as changes in interest rates or
other factors that affect security values, or for non-hedging purposes in
seeking to achieve a Hedge Fund’s investment objective. The New Advisers, on
behalf of the Fund, may also use these special investment instruments and
techniques for either hedging or non-hedging purposes. These strategies may be
executed through Derivatives. The instruments used and the particular manner in
which they are used may change over time as new instruments and techniques are
developed or regulatory changes occur. Certain of these special investment
instruments and techniques are speculative and involve a high degree of risk,
particularly in the context of non-hedging transactions.
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Derivatives.
Hedge Funds may invest in, or enter into, Derivatives. Derivatives are
financial instruments that derive their performance, at least in part,
from the performance of an underlying asset, index or interest rate.
Derivatives entered into by a Hedge Fund can be volatile and involve
various types and degrees of risk, depending upon the characteristics of a
particular Derivative and the portfolio of the Hedge Fund as a whole.
Derivatives permit a manager to increase or decrease the level of risk of
an investment portfolio, or change the character of the risk, to which an
investment portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the manager can
increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the
risk, of an investment portfolio by making investments in specific
securities. Derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater
than their cost would suggest, meaning that a small investment in
Derivatives could have a large potential effect on performance of a Hedge
Fund. The Hedge Fund manager’s use of Derivatives may include total return
swaps, options and futures designed to replicate the performance of a
particular Hedge Fund or to adjust market or risk exposure. If a Hedge
Fund invests in Derivatives at inopportune times or incorrectly judges
market conditions, the investments may lower the return of the Hedge Fund
or result in a loss. A Hedge Fund also could experience losses if
Derivatives are poorly correlated with its other investments, or if the
Hedge Fund is unable to liquidate the position because of an illiquid
secondary market. The market for many Derivatives is, or suddenly can
become, illiquid. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid
and unpredictable changes in the prices for
Derivatives.
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Options and
Futures. Hedge Funds may utilize options and futures contracts and
so-called “synthetic” options or other Derivatives written by
broker-dealers or other permissible financial intermediaries. Options
transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the
over-the-counter market. When options are purchased over-the-counter, the
Hedge Fund’s portfolio bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the
option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the
option contract. Options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the
Hedge Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. Over-the-counter
options also may include options on baskets of specific securities. Hedge
Funds may purchase call and put options on specific securities, and may
write and sell covered or uncovered call and put options for hedging
purposes in pursuing the investment objectives of the Hedge Funds. A put
option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and obligates
the writer to buy, the underlying security at a stated exercise price,
typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A call option
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and obligates the
writer to sell, the underlying security at a stated exercise price,
typically at any time prior to the expiration of the option. A covered
call option is a call option with respect to which the seller of the
option owns the underlying security. The sale of such an option exposes
the seller during the term of the option to possible loss of opportunity
to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security or
to possible continued holding of a security that might otherwise have been
sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the security.
A covered put option is a put option with respect to which cash or liquid
securities have been placed in a segregated account on the books of or
with a custodian to fulfill the obligation undertaken. The sale of such an
option exposes the seller during the term of the option to a decline in
price of the underlying security while depriving the seller of the
opportunity to invest the segregated
assets.
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A Hedge
Fund may close out a position when writing an option by purchasing an option on
the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option
that it has previously written on the security. In such a case, the Hedge Fund
will realize a profit or loss if the amount paid to purchase an option is less
or more than the amount received from the sale of the option.
Hedge
Funds may enter into futures contracts in U.S. markets or on exchanges located
outside the United States. Non-U.S. markets may offer advantages such as trading
opportunities or arbitrage possibilities not available in the U.S.. Non-U.S.
markets, however, may have greater risk potential than U.S. markets. For
example, some non-U.S. exchanges are principal markets in which no common
clearing facility exists and an investor may look only to the broker for
performance of the contract. In addition, any profits realized could be
eliminated by adverse changes in the exchange rate, and the Fund or a Hedge Fund
could incur losses as a result of those changes. Transactions on non-U.S.
exchanges may include both commodities that are traded on U.S. exchanges and
those that are not. Unlike trading on U.S. commodity exchanges, trading on
non-U.S. commodity exchanges is not regulated by the U.S. Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
Engaging
in transactions in futures contracts involves risk of loss to the Fund or the
Hedge Fund that could adversely affect the value of the Hedge Fund’s and the
Fund’s net assets. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist for
any particular futures contract at any particular time. Many futures exchanges
and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures
contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been
reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price
beyond that limit or trading may be suspended for specified periods during the
trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several
consecutive trading days with little or no trading, preventing prompt
liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Fund or the
Hedge Funds to substantial losses. Successful use of futures also is subject to
the New Advisers’ or a Hedge Fund manager’s ability to correctly predict
movements in the direction of the relevant market, and, to the extent the
transaction is entered into for hedging purposes, to determine the appropriate
correlation between the transaction being hedged and the price movements of the
futures contract.
Positions
of the SEC and its staff may require the Hedge Fund managers to segregate
permissible liquid assets in connection with their options and commodities
transactions in amounts generally equal to the value of the underlying option or
commodity. The segregation of these assets will have the effect of limiting the
manager’s ability to otherwise invest those assets. While the Hedge Funds may
engage in transactions involving options and commodities, the Fund will not
directly engage in, nor will it segregate assets in connection with, such
transactions.
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Call and Put Options
on Securities Indices. Hedge Funds may purchase and sell call and
put options on stock indices listed on national securities exchanges or
traded in the over-the-counter market for hedging purposes and non-hedging
purposes in seeking to achieve the investment objectives of the Hedge
Funds. A stock index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the
stocks included in the index. Successful use of options on stock indices
will be subject to the Hedge Fund manager’s ability to correctly predict
movements in the direction of the stock market generally or of a
particular industry or market segment, which requires different skills and
techniques from those involved in predicting changes in the price of
individual stocks.
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Warrants and
Rights. Hedge Funds may invest in warrants and rights. Warrants and
rights may be purchased separately or may be received as part of a unit or
attached to securities purchased. Warrants are Derivatives that permit,
but do not obligate, their holders to subscribe for other securities or
commodities. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have shorter
durations and are offered or distributed to stockholders of a company.
Warrants and rights do not carry with them the right to dividends or
voting rights with respect to the securities that they entitle the holder
to purchase, and they do not represent any interest in the assets of the
issuer. As a result, warrants and rights may be more speculative than
certain other types of equity-like securities. In addition, the values of
warrants and rights do not necessarily change with the values of the
underlying securities or commodities and these instruments cease to have
value if they are not exercised prior to their expiration
dates.
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Swap
Agreements. Hedge Funds may enter into equity, interest rate, index
and currency rate swap agreements in order to obtain a particular return
when it is desirable to do so, possibly at a lower cost than if the Hedge
Fund had invested directly in the asset that yielded the desired return.
Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by
institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than
a year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the
returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on
particular predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted
for an interest factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped”
between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional
amount,” that is, the return on or increase in value of a particular
dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular
non-U.S. currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a
particular index. Most swap agreements entered into by a Hedge
Fund would require the calculation of the obligations of the parties to
the agreements on a “net basis.” Consequently, current obligations (or
rights) under a swap agreement generally will be equal only to the net
amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative
values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net
amount”). The risk of loss with respect to swaps is limited to the net
amount of interest payments that the Hedge Fund is contractually obligated
to make. If the other party to a swap defaults, the Hedge Fund’s risk of
loss consists of the net amount of payments that the Hedge Fund
contractually is entitled to
receive.
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Lending Portfolio
Securities. Hedge Funds may lend their securities to brokers,
dealers and other financial institutions seeking to borrow securities to
complete certain transactions. The lending Hedge Fund remains entitled to
payments in amounts equal to the interest, dividends or other
distributions payable in respect of the loaned securities, which affords
the Hedge Fund an opportunity to earn interest on the amount of the loan
and on the loaned securities’ collateral. In connection with any such
transaction, the Hedge Fund will receive collateral consisting of cash,
U.S. Government securities or irrevocable letters of credit that will be
maintained at all times in an amount equal to at least 100% of the current
market value of the loaned securities. A Hedge Fund may experience loss if
the institution with which the Hedge Fund has engaged in a portfolio loan
transaction breaches its agreement with the Hedge
Fund.
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When-Issued and
Forward Commitment Securities. Hedge Funds may purchase securities
on a “when-issued” basis and may purchase or sell securities on a “forward
commitment” basis in order to hedge against anticipated changes in
interest rates and prices. These transactions involve a commitment by a
Hedge Fund to purchase or sell securities at a future date (ordinarily one
or two months later). The price of the underlying securities, which is
generally expressed in terms of yield, is fixed at the time the commitment
is made, but delivery and payment for the securities takes place at a
later date. No income accrues on securities that have been purchased
pursuant to a forward commitment or on a when-issued basis prior to
delivery to the Hedge Fund. When-issued securities and forward commitments
may be sold prior to the settlement date. If a Hedge Fund disposes of the
right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition or
disposes of its right to deliver or receive against a forward commitment,
it may incur a gain or loss. The risk exists that securities purchased on
a when-issued basis may not be delivered and that the purchaser of
securities sold by a Hedge Fund on a forward basis will not honor its
purchase obligation. In such cases, a Hedge Fund may incur a
loss.
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Restricted and
Illiquid Investments. A Hedge Fund may invest a portion of the
value of its total assets in restricted securities and other investments
that are illiquid. The Fund may likewise, without limitation, invest in
such securities and investments. The Hedge Funds in which the Fund invests
will themselves generally be illiquid. Restricted securities are
securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective
registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities
Act”) or that may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or
pursuant to an exemption from registration. When registration is required
to sell a security, a Hedge Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of
the registration expenses, and a considerable period may elapse between
the decision to sell and the time the Hedge Fund may be permitted to sell
a security under an effective registration statement. If adverse market
conditions were to develop during this period, a Hedge Fund might obtain a
less favorable price than the price that prevailed when the Hedge Fund
decided to sell. Hedge Funds may be unable to sell restricted and other
illiquid securities at the most opportune times or at prices approximating
the value at which they purchased the
securities.
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Counterparty Credit
Risk. The markets in which the Hedge Funds effect their
transactions may be “over-the-counter” or “interdealer” markets. The
participants in these markets are typically not subject to credit
evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of “exchange based”
markets. To the extent a Hedge Fund invests in swaps, Derivatives or
synthetic instruments, or other over-the-counter transactions in these
markets, the Hedge Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with
which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default. These
risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded
transactions, which generally are characterized by clearing organization
guarantees, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and
minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions
entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit
from these protections, which in turn may subject the Hedge Fund to the
risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with
its terms and conditions because of a dispute over the terms of the
contract or because of a credit or liquidity problem. Such “counterparty
risk” is increased for contracts with longer maturities when events may
intervene to prevent settlement. The ability of the Hedge Funds to
transact business with any one or any number of counterparties, the lack
of any independent evaluation of the counterparties or their financial
capabilities, and the absence of a regulated market to facilitate
settlement, may increase the potential for losses by the
Fund.
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Control
Positions. Hedge Funds may take control positions in companies. The
exercise of control over a company imposes additional risks of liability
for environmental damage, product defects, failure to supervise and other
types of liability related to business operations. In addition, the act of
taking a control position, or seeking to take such a position, may itself
subject a Hedge Fund to litigation by parties interested in blocking it
from taking that position. If those liabilities were to arise, or such
litigation were to be resolved adverse to the Hedge Funds, the investing
Hedge Funds likely would suffer losses on their
investments.
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Foreign
Securities. Hedge Funds may invest in securities of
foreign issuers and in depositary receipts, such as American Depositary
Receipts ("ADRs"), that represent indirect interests in securities of
foreign issuers. Investing in foreign securities involves special risks
and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S.
securities. Foreign securities in which the Hedge Funds may invest may be
listed on foreign securities exchanges or traded in foreign
over-the-counter markets. Foreign securities markets generally are not as
developed or efficient or as strictly regulated as securities markets in
the United States. Securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and
more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Similarly,
volume and liquidity in most foreign securities markets are lower than in
the United States and, at times, volatility of prices can be greater than
in the United States. The Fund will be subject to risks of possible
adverse political and economic developments, seizure or nationalization of
foreign deposits, or adoption of governmental restrictions that might
adversely affect or restrict the payment of principal and interest on
foreign securities to investors located outside the country of the issuer,
whether from currency blockage or otherwise. Since foreign securities
often are purchased with and payable in currencies of foreign countries,
their value may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in
currency rates and exchange control
regulations.
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To the
extent that Hedge Funds invest in emerging market countries, the political,
regulatory, and economic risks inherent in such investments are significant and
may differ in kind and degree from the risks presented by investments in major
securities markets in developed countries. Additional risks of emerging markets
countries may include: greater social, economic, and political uncertainty and
instability; more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less
governmental supervision and regulation; unavailability of certain currency
hedging techniques; companies that are newly organized and small; differences in
auditing and financial reporting standards, which may result in unavailability
of material information about issuers; and less developed legal
systems.
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Foreign Currency
Transactions. Hedge Funds may engage in
foreign currency transactions for a variety of purposes, including to
"lock in" the U.S. dollar price of the security, between trade and
settlement date, the value of a security a Hedge Fund has agreed to buy or
sell, or to hedge the U.S. dollar value of securities the Hedge Fund
already owns. Hedge Funds may also engage in foreign currency transactions
for non-hedging purposes to generate returns. Foreign currency
transactions may involve, for example, the purchase of foreign currencies
for U.S. dollars or the maintenance of short positions in foreign
currencies. Foreign currency transactions may involve a Hedge Fund
agreeing to exchange an amount of a currency it does not currently own for
another currency at a future date. A Hedge Fund would typically engage in
such a transaction in anticipation of a decline in the value of the
currency it sells relative to the currency that it has contracted to
receive in the exchange. An investment adviser's success in these
transactions will depend principally on its ability to predict accurately
the future exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S.
dollar.
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Purchasing Initial
Public Offerings. Hedge Funds may purchase securities of
companies in initial public offerings or shortly thereafter. Special risks
associated with these securities may include a limited number of shares
available for trading, unseasoned trading, lack of investor knowledge of
the issuer, and limited operating history. These factors may contribute to
substantial price volatility for the shares of these companies. Such
volatility can affect the value of the Fund's investment in Hedge Funds
that invest in such shares. The limited number of shares available for
trading in some initial public offerings may make it more difficult for a
Hedge Fund to buy or sell significant amounts of shares without having an
unfavorable impact on prevailing market prices. In addition, some
companies in initial public offerings are involved in relatively new
industries or lines of business, which may not be widely understood by
investors. Some of these companies may be undercapitalized or regarded as
developmental stage companies, without revenues or operating income, or
the near-term prospects of achieving
them.
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Risks of Fund of Hedge Funds
Structure. Since, under the Restructuring, a substantial portion of the
Fund will be invested in Hedge Funds, stockholders should be aware of the
principal risks that relate to the “fund of hedge funds” investment
approach:
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Hedge Funds Not
Registered. The Hedge Funds generally will not be registered as
investment companies under the 1940 Act. The Fund, as an investor in these
Hedge Funds, will not have the benefit of the protections afforded by the
1940 Act to investors in registered investment companies. The 1940 Act
provides certain protections to investors such as an independent board of
directors and imposes certain investor protection restrictions on
registered investment companies and their affiliates. These
protections include: (i) the requirement that an investment company have
an independent board of directors with fiduciary duties to shareholders to
oversee, among other things, the activities of the investment advisor,
including approval of management fees and the ability to remove the
investment advisor; (ii) prohibitions on affiliated transactions; (iii)
the requirement of a code of ethics; (iv) custody and safekeeping of
assets; (v) disclosure and continuous reporting requirements; (vi) record
keeping requirements; and (vii) general protections against wrongdoing.
including requirements to provide investors with periodic reporting and
certain standardized pricing and valuation information. Although the New
Advisers will receive information from each Hedge Fund regarding its
investment performance and investment strategy, they may have little or no
means of independently verifying this information. A Hedge Fund may use
proprietary investment strategies that are not fully disclosed to the New
Advisers, which may involve risks under some market conditions that are
not anticipated by the New Advisers. The performance of the Fund depends
on the success of the New Advisers in selecting Hedge Funds for investment
by the Fund and the allocation and reallocation of Fund assets among those
funds.
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Availability of
Information. For the Fund to complete its tax reporting
requirements and for the Fund to provide an audited annual report to its
stockholders, it must receive timely information from the Hedge Funds. A
Hedge Fund’s delay in providing this information could delay the Fund’s
preparation of tax information for investors. The lack of available
information also could impact the Fund’s compliance monitoring abilities
with respect to, among other things, industry concentration, valuation of
Hedge Fund’s interest and tax diversification
requirements.
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Multiple Levels of
Fees and Expenses; Duplicative Transaction Costs. An investor in
the Fund meeting the eligibility conditions imposed by the Hedge Funds may
be able to invest directly in the Hedge Funds. By investing in the Hedge
Funds indirectly through the Fund, an investor bears a portion of the
Proposed Fee, administration and other expenses at the Fund level. This
layering of fees often occurs in fund-of-funds or fund-of-hedge-funds
structures.
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Each
Hedge Fund manager will receive any performance-based fees to which it is
entitled irrespective of the performance of the other Hedge Fund managers and
the Fund generally. As a result, a manager with positive performance may receive
compensation from the Hedge Fund, and thus indirectly from the Fund and its
stockholders, even if the Fund’s overall returns are negative. Generally,
asset-based fees payable to Hedge Fund managers will range from 1.00% to 2.00%
(annualized) of the net asset value of the Fund’s investment in the Hedge Fund,
and performance-based fees will generally range from 10% to 25% of the Fund’s
share of the net profits earned by the Hedge Fund. In addition, Hedge Fund
managers make investment decisions for the Hedge Funds independently of each
other so that, at any particular time, one Hedge Fund may be purchasing shares
of an issuer whose shares are being sold at the same time by another Hedge Fund.
Investing by Hedge Funds in this manner will cause the Fund to indirectly incur
certain transaction costs without accomplishing any net investment
result.
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Hedge Fund Interests
Generally Illiquid. The Fund may make investments in, or
withdrawals from, the Hedge Funds only at certain times specified in the
governing documents of the Hedge Funds. The Fund will typically be able to
dispose of Hedge Fund interests that it has purchased only on a periodic
basis such as monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or over longer periods
with specified advance notice requirements and, if adverse market
conditions were to develop during any period in which the Fund is unable
to sell Hedge Fund interests, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price
than that which prevailed when it decided to buy or sell. In addition,
Hedge Funds may impose certain restrictions on withdrawals, such as
lock-ups, gates, or suspensions of withdrawal rights under certain
circumstances, during which time the Fund may not withdraw all or part of
its interest in the Hedge Fund, or may withdraw only by paying a
penalty.
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Some of
the Hedge Funds may hold portions of their investments, in particular
investments that are illiquid, in so-called designated investments or “side
pockets”. Side pockets are sub-funds within the Hedge Funds that create a
structure to invest in illiquid securities and are valued independently from the
general portfolio with distinct allocation, distribution and redemption terms.
Their liquidation generally occurs over a much longer period than that
applicable to the Hedge Funds’ general portfolio. Were the Fund to seek to
liquidate its investment in a Hedge Fund which maintains some of its investments
in a side pocket, the Fund might not be able to fully liquidate its investment
without delay, which could be considerable. During the period until the Fund
fully liquidated its interest in the Hedge Fund, the value of its investment
would fluctuate.
There may
be times when the New Advisers intend to withdraw all or a portion of the Fund’s
investment in a Hedge Fund but cannot immediately do so even when other
investors in the Hedge Fund are able to withdraw.
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In-Kind Distributions
by Hedge Funds. Hedge Funds may be permitted by their governing
documents to distribute securities in kind to investors, including the
Fund. The Fund expects that in the event of an in-kind distribution, it
will typically receive securities that are illiquid or difficult to value.
In such circumstances, the New Advisers would seek to dispose of these
securities in a manner that is in the best interest of the Fund. However,
the New Advisers may not be able to dispose of these securities at
favorable prices or at all, which would have an adverse effect on the
Fund’s performance, or at favorable times, which may adversely affect the
Fund’s ability to make other
investments.
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Involuntary
Redemptions by Hedge Funds. Hedge Funds are generally permitted by
their governing documents to force a redemption by investors for different
reasons, including to maintain a statutory exemption or comply with
regulatory requirements. If a Hedge Fund forces a redemption of
all or a part of the Fund’s investment, it could trigger adverse tax
consequences, and additional transaction costs to reposition the Fund’s
portfolio.
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Valuation.
Certain securities in which the Hedge Funds invest may not have readily
ascertainable market prices and will be valued by the Hedge Fund managers.
Although the New Advisers will conduct a due diligence review of the
valuation methodology utilized by the Hedge Funds and will monitor all
Hedge Funds and compare their monthly results with those of peer hedge
fund managers, the valuations provided generally will be conclusive with
respect to the Fund unless the Fund has a clearly discernible reason not
to trust the accuracy of such valuations. Reliance upon such valuations
will occur even though a Hedge Fund manager may face a conflict of
interest in valuing the securities, as their value will affect the
manager’s compensation. The New Advisers are required to
consider all relevant information available at the time the Fund values
its portfolio. However, in most cases, the New Advisers will have limited
ability to independently confirm the accuracy of the valuations received
from a Hedge Fund because the advisers do not generally have access to all
necessary financial, underlying portfolio holdings and valuation of the
underlying holdings, and other information relating to the Hedge Funds to
determine independently the Hedge Funds’ net asset values. In addition,
Hedge Fund performance and valuation data are available typically only on
a monthly basis. Thus, a significant component of the Fund’s
portfolio will not be valued on a weekly basis as it has been
historically. This could result in potentially volatile swings
in the Fund’s month-to-month calculation of net asset value. See “Net
Asset Valuation” below.
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Securities Believed to
Be Undervalued or Incorrectly Valued. Securities that a Hedge Fund
manager believes are fundamentally undervalued or incorrectly valued may
not ultimately be valued in the capital markets at prices and/or within
the time frame the manager
anticipates.
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·
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Dilution. If a
Hedge Fund manager limits the amount of capital that may be contributed to
a Hedge Fund from the Fund, or if the Fund declines to purchase additional
interests in a Hedge Fund, continued sales of interests in the Hedge Fund
to others may dilute the returns for the Fund from the Hedge
Fund.
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Investments in
Non-Voting Stock. The Fund may elect to hold its interest in a
Hedge Fund in non-voting form. Additionally, the Fund may choose to limit
the amount of voting securities it holds in any particular Hedge Fund and
may, as a result, hold substantial amounts of non-voting securities in a
particular Hedge Fund. To the extent the Fund holds non-voting securities
of a Hedge Fund, it will not be able to vote on matters that require the
approval of the investors in the Hedge Fund. This restriction could
diminish the influence of the Fund in a Hedge Fund and adversely affect
its investment in the Hedge Fund, which could result in unpredictable and
potentially adverse effects on the Fund and
stockholders.
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Hedge Funds’ Turnover
Rates. The Hedge Funds may invest on the basis of short-term market
considerations. The turnover rate within the Hedge Funds may be
significant, potentially involving substantial brokerage commissions and
fees. The Fund has no control over this turnover. As a result, it is
anticipated that a significant portion of the Fund’s income and gains, if
any, may be derived from ordinary income and short-term capital gains. In
addition, the redemption by the Fund of its interest in a Hedge Fund could
involve expenses to the Fund under the terms of the Fund’s investment with
that Hedge Fund.
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Misconduct by
Managers. There is a risk of misconduct by Hedge Fund managers.
When the New Advisers invest the Fund’s assets with a Hedge Fund manager,
the Fund does not have custody of the assets or control over their
investment. Therefore, there is always the risk that the manager could
divert or abscond with the assets, inaccurately or fraudulently report the
Hedge Fund’s value, fail to follow agreed upon investment strategies,
provide false reports of operations, or engage in other misconduct. The
Hedge Fund managers with whom the New Advisers invest the Fund’s assets
are generally private and have not registered their securities under
federal or state securities laws. This lack of registration, with the
attendant lack of regulatory oversight, may enhance the risk of misconduct
by Hedge Fund managers. There also is a risk that governmental or other
authorities may take regulatory actions against Hedge Fund managers, which
may expose investors such as the Fund, which have placed assets with such
managers, to losses.
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Custody Risk.
Custody of the Fund’s assets will be held in accordance with the
requirements of Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder,
which require, among other things, that such assets be held by certain
qualified banks or companies and in compliance with certain specified
conditions. However, the Hedge Funds are not required to, and may not,
hold custody of their assets in accordance with those requirements. As a
result, bankruptcy or fraud at institutions, such as brokerage firms,
banks, or administrators, into whose custody those Hedge Funds have placed
their assets could impair the operational capabilities or the capital
position of the Hedge Funds and may, in turn, have an adverse impact on
the Fund.
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Litigation and
Enforcement Risk. Hedge Fund managers might accumulate substantial
positions in the securities of a specific company and engage in a proxy
fight, become involved in litigation or attempt to gain control of a
company. Under such circumstances, the Fund conceivably could be named as
a defendant in a lawsuit or regulatory action. There have been a number of
widely reported instances of violations of securities laws through the
misuse of confidential information, diverting or absconding with Hedge
Fund assets, falsely reporting Hedge Fund values and performance, and
other violations of the securities laws. Such violations may result in
substantial liabilities for damages caused to others, for the disgorgement
of profits realized and for penalties. Investigations and enforcement
proceedings are ongoing, and it is possible that the hedge fund managers
may be charged with involvement in such violations. If that were the case
with respect to the Hedge Fund managers, the performance records of the
managers would be misleading. Furthermore, if the entity in which the Fund
invested engaged in such violations, the Fund could be exposed to
losses.
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Regulatory
Change. The regulation of the U.S. and non-U.S. securities and
futures markets and Hedge Funds and investment companies like the Fund has
undergone substantial change in the recent years, and such change is
expected to continue for the foreseeable future. For example, the
regulatory and tax environment for Derivatives in which Hedge Funds may
participate is evolving, and changes in the regulation or taxation of
Derivatives may materially adversely affect the value of the Derivatives
held by the Hedge Funds and the ability of the Hedge Funds to pursue their
trading strategies. Similarly, the regulatory environment for leveraged
investors and for hedge funds generally is evolving, and potential
regulatory constraints on short selling may occur. The effect
of regulatory change on the Fund, while impossible to predict, could be
substantial and adverse.
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Lack of
Transparency. Hedge Funds may, consistent with applicable law, not
disclose the contents of their portfolios. This lack of transparency may
cause the Fund to be unable to determine the levels of ownership in
certain asset classes in the Hedge Funds. In addition, managers
of Hedge Funds also generally do not permit public disclosure of their
hedge funds’ investment strategies or other proprietary financial
information. Consequently, unlike the publicly available
financial information on the Fund’s investments in publicly-traded
companies, stockholders will not have public access to research and
analysis on the Hedge Funds in which the Fund
invests.
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The
staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC Staff”) has
taken the informal position that an investment company, such as the Fund,
should provide its stockholders with audited financial statements on an
annual basis for a private company in which the investment company
invests, including Hedge Funds, if the value of such investment exceeds
25% of the investment company’s net asset value (measured as of the last
day of each calendar quarter) (the “25% Threshold”). In the SEC
Staff’s view, the 25% Threshold is absolute and the financial statement
delivery requirement will apply regardless of whether the 25% Threshold is
exceeded as a result of the initial investment amount, subsequent
fluctuations in the market value of the private company investment or the
investment company’s other portfolio investments, or
otherwise. As discussed above, since Hedge Fund managers
generally will not permit public disclosure of the financial statements of
the Hedge Funds they manage, the Fund likely would be unable to satisfy
the financial statement delivery requirement if the Fund’s investment in
any single hedge fund exceeds the 25% Threshold. Accordingly,
to avoid the possibility that the Fund would exceed the 25% Threshold but
not be able to provide the underlying financial statements, the Fund has
adopted policies and procedures to ensure that the New Advisers
continuously monitor the percentage the Fund has invested in each of its
Hedge Fund investments. Under these procedures, the New
Advisers will limit the Fund’s initial investment in any single Hedge Fund
to approximately 17% of the Fund’s net asset value at the time of
investment and will begin taking affirmative steps to reduce the Fund’s
investment in any Hedge Fund when the value of any such investment exceeds
22% of the Fund’s net asset value.
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Although
the New Advisers believe that Fund’s investments in Hedge Funds can be
managed so as not to exceed the 25% Threshold, if the value of one of the
Fund’s Hedge Fund investments increases precipitously while the remainder
of the Fund’s investments decreases, given the redemption notice period
required by most hedge fund advisers, the Fund may not be able to reduce
its position quickly enough to avoid exceeding the 25% Threshold prior to
the measuring date at the end of a calendar quarter. Moreover,
because most Hedge Funds (including the WHM Hedge Funds) impose a “lock
up” period on new investors (i.e., new investors cannot make redemption
requests for a specified period, typically one year), the Fund may be
unable to redeem its interest in a Hedge Fund quickly enough to avoid
exceeding the 25% Threshold despite the Fund’s policies and
procedures.
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Indemnification of
Hedge Funds. The Fund may agree to indemnify certain of the Hedge
Funds and investment advisers of Hedge Funds from any liability, damage,
cost or expense arising out of, among other things, certain acts or
omissions relating to the offer or sale of interests/units in the Hedge
Funds. The investment advisers of the Hedge Funds often have
broad limitations on liability and indemnification
rights.
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Hedge Funds Organized
or Investing Outside United States. Some Hedge Funds may be
organized outside the United States. Investments by the Hedge Funds in
foreign financial markets, including markets in developing countries,
present political, regulatory, and economic risks that are significant and
that may differ in kind and degree from risks presented by investments in
the United States. For example, it may be more difficult for the Fund to
enforce its rights offshore and the regulations applicable to those
jurisdictions may be less
stringent.
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Concentration and
Non-Diversified Portfolios. Hedge Funds may target or
concentrate their investments in particular markets, sectors, or
industries. Hedge Funds also may be considered to be non-diversified and
invest without limit in a single issuer. As a result of any such
concentration of investments or non-diversified portfolios, the portfolios
of such Hedge Funds are subject to greater volatility than if they had
non-concentrated and diversified portfolios. Those Hedge Funds that
concentrate in specific industries or target specific sectors will also be
subject to the risks of those industries or sectors, which may include,
but not be limited to, rapid obsolescence of technology, sensitivity to
regulatory changes, minimal barriers to entry, and sensitivity to overall
market swings.
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Net Asset
Valuation. The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s common
stock is computed based on the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities and
other assets. NAV per share is determined as of the close of the
regular trading session on the NYSE no less frequently than the last business
day of each week and month, provided, however, that if any such day is a holiday
or determination of NAV on such day is impracticable, the NAV is calculated on
such earlier or later day as determined by the New Advisers. The NAV per share
is determined by dividing the value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to
common stock by the total number of common shares
outstanding. The value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to
common stock is deemed to equal the value of the Fund’s total assets less (i)
the Fund’s liabilities (including accrued expenses, dividends payable and any
borrowings of the Fund) and (ii) the aggregate liquidation value of any
outstanding preferred stock. Securities for which market quotations
are readily available (including securities listed on national securities
exchanges and those traded over-the-counter) are valued at the last quoted sales
price on the valuation date on which the security is traded. If such
securities were not traded on the valuation date, but market quotations are
readily available, they are valued at the most recently quoted bid price
provided by an independent pricing service or by principal market
makers. Securities traded on NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ Official
Closing Price (“NOCP”). Short-term securities which mature in more
than 60 days are valued at current market quotations. Short-term
securities which mature in 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which
approximates market value.
Investments
for which current market quotations are not readily available or do not
otherwise accurately reflect the fair value of the investment, are valued at
fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board of
Directors of the Fund. In this regard, the Fund has adopted fair value
procedures pursuant to which “fair value securities” are valued (i.e.,
securities owned by the Fund for which market quotations are not readily
available or current market quotations may be unreliable, including, but not
limited to, illiquid securities) (the “Fair Value Procedures”). Under the Fair
Value Procedures, the Board has established a pricing committee consisting of
any two of a group consisting of the Fund’s president and Independent Directors
(the “Pricing Committee”). Generally, the Fund’s investment advisers are charged
with identifying and reporting to the Pricing Committee securities that may
require fair value determination. The Pricing Committee’s valuation of any fair
value security is a subjective process the accuracy of which will be dependent
of a number of factors and circumstances existing at the time of the valuation.
Consequently, the ultimate price for which a fair value security is sold may
differ significantly from the price determined in good faith by the Pricing
Committee, which difference could adversely affect the Fund’s NAV per share and
its stockholders. The valuation techniques used by the Fund to
measure fair value will attempt to maximize the use of observable inputs and
minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
In
general, fair value represents a good faith approximation of the current value
of an asset and will be used when there is no public market or possibly no
market at all for the asset. The fair values of one or more assets may not be
the prices at which those assets are ultimately sold. In cases where a partial
sale of a fair valued security occurs, the Pricing Committee and/or the Board
may reevaluate the Fund’s fair value methodology to determine, what, if any,
adjustments should be made to the methodology.
The Fair
Value Procedures address how the Fund values its investments in Hedge Funds. In
accordance with these procedures, a Hedge Fund’s fair value will be the value
determined by management of the Hedge Fund (typically as of each calendar
month-end) in accordance with each Hedge Fund’s own valuation policies. As a
general matter, the fair value of the Fund's interest in a Hedge Fund will
represent the amount that the Fund could reasonably expect to receive from the
Hedge Fund if the Fund's interest were redeemed at the time of valuation, based
on information reasonably available at the time the valuation is made and that
the Fund believes to be reliable. In the event that a Hedge Fund does not report
a month-end value to the Fund on a timely basis, the Fund would determine the
fair value of such Hedge Fund based on the most recent value reported by the
Hedge Fund, as well any other relevant information available at the time the
Fund values its portfolio.
Prior to
investing in any Hedge Fund, the New Advisers will conduct a due diligence
review of the valuation methodology utilized by the Hedge Fund, which as a
general matter will utilize market values when available, and otherwise utilize
principles of fair value that the New Advisers reasonably believe to be
consistent with those used by the Fund for valuing its own investments. Although
the Fair Value Procedures provide that the New Advisers will review the
valuations provided by the investment advisers to the Hedge Funds, neither the
New Advisers nor the Board will be able to confirm independently the accuracy of
valuations provided by such investment advisers (which are unaudited). The New
Advisers are not required to adhere to the valuations as provided by the
investment advisers to the Hedge Funds which may result in valuations that are
greater or lesser than those reported by the Hedge Funds and which may impact
the per share valuation of the Fund’s NAV.
The
Fund's valuation procedures require the New Advisers to consider all relevant
information available at the time the Fund values its
portfolio. Although redemptions of interests in Hedge Funds are
subject to advance notice requirements, Hedge Funds will typically make
available net asset value information to holders which will represent the price
at which, even in the absence of redemption activity, the Hedge Fund would have
effected a redemption if any such requests had been timely made or if, in
accordance with the terms of the Hedge Fund's governing documents, it would be
necessary to effect a mandatory redemption. Following the Fair Value Procedures,
the Fund would consider whether it was appropriate, in light of all relevant
circumstances, to value such a position at its net asset value as reported at
the time of valuation, or whether to adjust such value to reflect a premium or
discount to net asset value. In other cases, as when a Hedge Fund imposes
extraordinary restrictions on redemptions, the Fund may determine that it is
appropriate to apply a discount to the net asset value of the Hedge Fund. Any
such decision would be made in good faith, and subject to the review and
supervision of the Board.
The
initial valuations reported by the investment advisers of Hedge Funds, which the
Fund may rely upon to calculate its week-end and month-end NAV per share, may be
subject to later adjustment based on information reasonably available at that
time. For example, fiscal year-end net asset value calculations of the Hedge
Funds are audited by those funds' independent auditors and may be revised either
up or down as a result of such audits. Other adjustments may occur from time to
time. Such adjustments or revisions, whether increasing or decreasing
the NAV of the Fund at the time they occur, because they relate to information
available only at the time of the adjustment or revision, are not likely to
retroactively affect the amount of the repurchase proceeds of the Fund;
accordingly, proceeds received by Hedge Fund members who have their Hedge Fund
units/interests (“Units”) repurchased and receive their repurchase proceeds
prior to such adjustments are not likely to be affected by NAV adjustments
occurring subsequent to the receipt of their repurchase proceeds. As a result,
to the extent that subsequently adjusted valuations adversely affect a Hedge
Fund’s NAV, outstanding Units may be adversely affected by prior repurchases to
the benefit of other Hedge Fund members who had their interests repurchased at a
NAV per Unit higher than the adjusted amount. Conversely, any increases in a
Hedge Fund’s NAV resulting from such subsequently adjusted valuations may be
entirely for the benefit of outstanding Units and to the detriment of Hedge Fund
members who previously had Units repurchased at an NAV per Unit lower than the
adjusted amount. The same principles apply to the purchase of Units (i.e., new
Hedge Fund members may be affected in a similar way.
The Fair
Value Procedures provide that, where deemed appropriate by the New Advisers and
consistent with the 1940 Act, investments in Hedge Funds may be valued at cost.
Cost would be used only when cost is determined to best approximate the fair
value of the particular security under consideration. The Board will be
responsible for ensuring that the valuation policies utilized by the Pricing
Committee are fair to the Fund and consistent with applicable regulatory
guidelines.
The books
and records of the Fund are maintained in US dollars. Foreign
currencies, investments and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign
currencies will be translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing
on the valuation date. Purchases and sales of investment securities, income and
expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate
on the dates of such transactions. On occasion, the values of
securities and exchange rates may be affected by events occurring between the
time as of which determination of such values or exchange rates are made and the
time as of which the net asset value of the Fund is determined. When such events
materially affect the values of securities held by the Fund or its liabilities,
such securities and liabilities may be valued at fair value as determined in
good faith in accordance with the Fair Value Procedures.
Expenses
of the Fund, including the New Advisers’ and any sub-advisers’ investment
management fees and the costs of any borrowings, are accrued daily and taken
into account for the purpose of determining NAV.
Investors
in the Fund should be aware that situations involving uncertainties as to the
value of portfolio positions could have an adverse effect on the Fund's net
assets if the judgments of the Board, the New Advisers, any sub-advisers or
investment advisers to the Hedge Funds, or any independent publicly registered
accountants to any of the foregoing, should prove incorrect. Also, investment
advisers to the Hedge Funds will only provide valuation information on a monthly
basis, in which event the Fund’s calculation of its NAV on a weekly basis will
often be based on “stale” valuations of its underlying Hedge Fund
investments. Accordingly, the Fund’s NAV could be subject to
significant change when updated Hedge Fund valuations become
available.
Risks
Associated With De-listing From the NYSE.
Presently,
there are no NYSE listing standards affecting NYSE members that invest in hedge
funds. However, in 2008, the American Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) filed a
proposed rule change with the Securities and Exchange Commission concerning a
“generic” listing standard for closed-end management investment companies of
hedge funds (the “AMEX Standard”). As proposed, the AMEX Standard
would have imposed significant obligations on member companies that make
investments of any size in any private
investment vehicle relying on specified exemptions under the 1940 Act
(e.g., hedge funds, private equity funds, pooled investment vehicles,
etc.). As proposed, the AMEX Standard would require, as a condition
of listing, that a member closed-end investment company (i) invest only in hedge
funds that independently report their net asset values weekly, and (ii) publicly
disclose all material information that an investee hedge fund makes available to
its investors (e.g., financial statements and
holdings). As discussed above, neither of these conditions is likely
to be feasible under the Restructuring.
The AMEX
Standard was not adopted prior to the acquisition of the AMEX by the NYSE, and
has not subsequently been adopted by the NYSE. Recently, two
closed-end funds (Western Asset Mortgage Defined Opportunity Fund and Nuveen
Mortgage Opportunity Term Fund 2) (the “PPIP Funds”) commenced trading on the
NYSE following completion of their initial public offerings. Each of
the PPIP Funds has indicated that it intends to invest a significant portion of
its assets in a private, pooled investment vehicle that is structured in a
manner similar to hedge funds. Each PPIP Fund has agreed to deliver
certain financial information to its stockholders in the event such investment
exceeds the 25% Threshold, in the same manner as the Fund as discussed under the
paragraph “Lack of
Transparency” on page [INSERT PAGE NUMBER] above. The NYSE
permitted the PPIP Funds to be listed without adopting the AMEX Standard, which
led the Fund to believe that the AMEX Standard had been abandoned by the
NYSE. However, through subsequent discussions with the SEC Staff and
officials at the NYSE, the Fund has confirmed that the SEC Staff is
encouraging the NYSE to adopt a listing standard substantially similar to the
AMEX Standard. Such a listing standard would be subject to the NYSE
normal rulemaking procedures (i.e., publication, public comment, adoption, etc.)
and could take some time. However, if such a listing standard is
eventually adopted and the Restructuring is approved by stockholders and
implemented by the New Advisers (i.e., a portion of the Fund’s assets is
invested in the WHM Hedge Funds or any other private investment vehicle), the
Fund likely would not be able to satisfy the newly-adopted listing standard and
thus would likely become subject to de-listing by the NYSE unless the Fund
receives an exemption from the NYSE. In this event, the Fund’s shares
would likely be limited to trading in the over-the-counter market, although the
Fund may seek to also list its shares on a foreign exchange (e.g., Toronto Stock
Exchange, London Stock Exchange or AIM).
If the
Fund is required to de-list from the NYSE, the market liquidity for the Fund’s
common shares would likely be negatively affected, which may make it more
difficult for stockholders to sell their securities in the open market and may
negatively affect the market price of the Fund’s common shares and/or increase
the discount between the Fund’s net asset value and the market price of its
common shares. Even if the Fund is successful in listing its shares
on another domestic exchange or a foreign exchange, stockholders could
experience inconvenience and higher costs in trading their shares in the Fund,
particularly if the shares are listed on a foreign exchange. If the
Fund elects to list its shares on a foreign exchange, the Fund may be subject to
higher listing fees and other operating costs than those to which it is
currently subject. In addition, the Fund may become subject to
corporate governance standards that are potentially more restrictive and costly
than the NYSE corporate governance standards. The Fund is currently
exempt from state securities regulation because of its NYSE
listing. Upon de-listing, if the Fund issues new securities it may be
required to make state notice filings and pay state blue sky fees if it does not
list its shares on another exchange that continues this exemption.
The New Advisers.
Rocky Mountain Advisers,
L.L.C. RMA was formed on September 5, 2008 as an Alaska
single-member limited liability company owned by the Susan Trust (a Horejsi
Affiliate and private family trust domiciled in Alaska). RMA is
registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940
(the “Advisers Act”). Although RMA is a newly formed LLC with no
operating history, it has identical principals, officers, staff, and portfolio
managers as BIA. BIA currently provides investment advisory services
to three other closed-end investment companies: Boulder Total Return
Fund, Inc. (NYSE:BTF), Boulder Growth & Income Fund, Inc. (NYSE:BIF), and
The Denali Fund Inc. (NYSE:DNY) (together, the “Boulder
Funds”). RMA’s principal offices are located at 2344 Spruce Street,
Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80302. The Susan Trust is an
“affiliated person” of the Fund (as that term is defined in the 1940
Act). The executive officers of RMA and the principal occupation of
each are set forth in the table below:
Name
and Position with RMA
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Principal
Occupation
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Stephen
C. Miller – President, General Counsel and Chief Executive
Officer
|
President
(since 1999), BIA; Manager (since 1999), FAS; Vice President and Secretary
(since 1996), SIA; President (since 2002), BIF; President
(since 1999), BTF; President (since 2003), the Fund; President
(since 2007), DNY; Chief Compliance Officer (2004-2007), BTF,
BIF, the Fund, FAS, BIA, and SIA; President and General Counsel, Horejsi,
Inc. (liquidated in 1999); General Counsel, Brown Welding Supply, LLC
(sold in 1999); Of Counsel (since 1991) to Krassa & Miller, LLC;
Manager and President, Badlands Trust Company, LLC (dissolved
in 2008); Vice President and Director (since 2008), Alaska Trust
Company.
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Carl
D. Johns - Investment Manager, Vice President and Treasurer
|
Vice
President and Treasurer (since 1999), BIA; Assistant Manager (since 1999),
FAS; Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, Vice President and
Treasurer, BTF, BIF, FF, and DNY.
|
Laura
Rhodenbaugh – Secretary
|
Secretary/Treasurer
(since 1999), FAS; Treasurer (since 1996), SIA; Secretary and Treasurer,
various Horejsi Affiliates.
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Stewart
R. Horejsi – Senior Investment Manager
|
Senior
investment manager, RMA, BIA and
SIA.
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Carl D.
Johns, the Vice President and Treasurer of RMA, is also presently the Fund’s
Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, Vice President and
Treasurer. Together with Stewart R. Horejsi, Mr. Johns will be
responsible for the Fund's portfolio and RMA’s day-to-day advisory activities.
Mr. Johns received a Bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the
University of Colorado in 1985, and a Master’s degree in finance from the
University of Colorado in 1991. He was employed by Flaherty &
Crumrine, Incorporated, from 1992 to 1998. During that period he was an
Assistant Treasurer for the Preferred Income Fund Incorporated, the Preferred
Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated, and the Preferred Income Management Fund.
Since 1999, he has been Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, Vice
President and Treasurer of BTF, of BIF since 2002, of DNY since 2007, and of the
Fund since 2003.
Stewart Investment
Advisers. SIA or Stewart
Investment Advisers (also known as Stewart West Indies Trading Company, Ltd.) is
a Barbados international business company, incorporated on November 12, 1996,
and is wholly owned by the West Indies Trust. Stewart R. Horejsi is
not a beneficiary under the West Indies Trust. However, Susan L. Ciciora
(Stewart Horejsi’s daughter) and John S. Horejsi (Stewart Horejsi’s son), who
are the Fund’s only "interested" directors, are discretionary beneficiaries
under the West Indies Trust. As a result, Ms. Ciciora and Mr. John Horejsi may
directly or indirectly benefit from the outcome of Proposals 1 and
2. SIA is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers
Act.
SIA is
not domiciled in the United States and substantially all of its assets are
located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult
to realize judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon civil
liabilities under federal securities laws of the United States. The Fund has
been advised that there is substantial doubt as to the enforceability in
Barbados of such civil remedies and criminal penalties as are afforded by the
federal securities laws of the United States. Pursuant to the Advisory
Agreement, SIA has appointed the Fund's Secretary at its offices at 2344 Spruce
Street, Suite A, Boulder Colorado 80302, as its agent for service of process in
any legal action in the United States, thus subjecting it to the jurisdiction of
the United States courts.
Stewart
R. Horejsi is an employee of RMA, BIA and SIA. He is the primary investment
manager and, together with Mr. Johns, will be responsible for the day-to-day
management of the Fund’s assets (other than the Legacy Holdings managed by
Wellington Management) and will be primarily responsible for the Fund's asset
allocation. Mr. Horejsi was a director of BTF until November, 2001; General
Manager, Brown Welding Supply, LLC (sold in 1999), Director, Sunflower Bank
(resigned); and the President or Manager of various subsidiaries of the Horejsi
Affiliates since June 1986. Mr. Horejsi has managed the investment portfolios of
the various Horejsi Affiliates since 1982. As of December 31, 2009, the size of
these trusts’ common stock portfolio was approximately $626.2 million. Mr.
Horejsi has been the Director and President of the Horejsi Charitable
Foundation, Inc. since 1997. Mr. Horejsi received a Master’s Degree in Economics
from Indiana University in 1961 and a Bachelor of Science Degree in Industrial
Management from the University of Kansas in 1959.
The
executive officers of SIA and the principal occupation of each are set forth
below:
Name
and Position with SIA
|
Principal
Occupation
|
Glade
Christensen – President and Resident Managing
Director
|
Office
manager (since 1998) for SIA.
|
Stephen
C. Miller – Director, Vice President and Secretary
|
See
description in table above.
|
Stewart
R. Horejsi – Investment Manager
|
Senior
investment manager (since 1999) for BIA and SIA.
|
Laura
Rhodenbaugh – Treasurer
|
Secretary
(since 1999), FAS; Secretary (since 1999), BIA; Secretary and Treasurer,
various Horejsi Affiliates.
|
The Advisory
Agreements. Copies of the Advisory Agreements are set forth as
Exhibit A-1 and
Exhibit A-2 to
this Proxy Statement. If approved by stockholders, the Advisory Agreements will
become effective on the date of such approval and continue initially for a
two-year period and continue for successive annual periods thereafter, provided
such continuance is approved at least annually by (a) a majority of the
Independent Directors and a majority of the full Board or (b) a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. As used in
this Proxy Statement, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the
Fund shall have the meaning for such phrase as set forth in the 1940 Act, that
is, the affirmative vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the Shares present
or represented by proxy at the Meeting or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding
Shares. This voting standard is referred to in this Proxy Statement as a “1940
Act Majority Vote”. The Advisory Agreements are terminable, without
penalty, on 60 days' written notice by the Board or by either New Adviser, as
the case may be, upon written notice to the other party to the Agreement. The
Advisory Agreements will terminate automatically upon assignment (as defined in
the 1940 Act).
Under the
Advisory Agreements, the New Advisers are jointly responsible for making
investment decisions, supplying investment research and portfolio management
services, placing purchase and sale orders for portfolio transactions, making
asset allocation decisions for the Fund and determining the extent and nature of
the Fund's leverage. The Advisory Agreements also provide that the respective
New Adviser will bear all expenses in connection with its performance, including
fees that it might pay to consultants, except that the Fund is responsible for
reimbursing the New Advisers for reasonable travel expenses associated with
attending regular and special board and stockholder meetings.
Under the
Advisory Agreements, the New Advisers will receive an annual fee, payable
monthly, in an aggregate amount calculated at a rate of 1.25% of the Fund’s
total assets, less liabilities other than the aggregate indebtedness entered
into for purposes of leverage (“Managed Assets”). However, under the Advisory
Agreements, the New Advisers would waive (i) their fees in an amount equal to up
to 1.00% of the Fund’s assets invested in a WHM Hedge Fund to offset any
asset-based fees (but not any performance-based fees) paid to WHM with respect
to the Fund’s assets, and (ii) all fees paid to Wellington Management under the
Sub-Advisory Agreement (i.e., the fee currently paid to Wellington Management as
applied to the Legacy Holdings) (the foregoing fee arrangement is referred to as
the “Proposed Fee”). WHM charges an asset-based fee of 1.00% to the WHM Hedge
Funds presently under consideration for investment by the New Advisers. The
Proposed Fee will be split between the New Advisers, 25% to RMA and 75% to SIA.
This percentage split may be changed from time to time by the Board without
stockholder approval so long as the gross advisory fee paid by the Fund is not
increased. The New Advisers agreed to a waiver of advisory fees such
that, in the future, the advisory fees would be calculated at the annual rate of
1.25% on Managed Assets up to $400 million, 1.10% on Managed Assets between
$400-$600 million; and 1.00% on Managed Assets exceeding $600 million. This fee
waiver agreement has a one-year term and is renewable annually.
The Fund
currently pays Wellington Management an advisory fee of 1.125% on the Fund’s net
assets up to and including $150 million; 1.00% on net assets between $150
million and $300 million, and 0.875% on net assets exceeding $300 million
(together the “Current Fee”). Based on $215.1 million of current
assets under management, and the New Advisers’ anticipated investment of
approximately 50% of the Fund’s assets in WHM Hedge Funds, the advisory fees
paid directly by the Fund would decrease by approximately $725,000 annually
versus the Current Fee ($2.34 million based on net assets as of December 31,
2009). However, on a “look-through” basis (i.e., taking into consideration the
fees charged by WHM in managing the WHM Hedge Funds), if the WHM Hedge Funds
achieve an investment return of 10% (and are thus paid a concomitant performance
based fee), advisory-related expenses will increase by approximately $2.5
million annually. On such a “look-through” basis, the expense ratio
would increase from 1.65% to approximately 2.84% (assuming the 10% investment
return and impact of the performance fee paid to WHM).The 10% investment return
is used for illustration purposes only. Actual performance (and any
related performance fee) may be lower or higher than this amount depending on
the actual performance of each WHM Hedge Fund.
Hedge
fund managers, including WHM, typically are paid a 20% performance fee with
respect to annual gains generated in their hedge funds. Thus, under
the Restructuring, the increase in advisory-related fees could increase
significantly when there are significant net gains in the hedge
fund. Since performance fees will necessarily vary from year to year,
they can only be estimated based on a normalized market
return. For the sake of comparison, if the Fund invests 50% of
its current assets in WHM Hedge Funds, and during the first year after the
Effective Date the value of the WHM Hedge Funds increases by 10%, and all the
Fund’s other assets remain unchanged, on a “look-through” basis, the Fund would
pay an additional $2.5 million in advisory related fees. The Board
believes that the WHM Hedge Funds offer more investment flexibility and superior
risk adjusted returns and thus the likelihood that the Fund will pay higher
look-through advisory-related fees is an acceptable tradeoff.
The
Advisory Agreements provide that the New Advisers will be indemnified by the
Fund for losses, claims and expenses not caused by the New Advisers' willful
misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of their duties or from
reckless disregard by the New Advisers of their obligations and duties under the
agreement.
Fees and
Expenses. The following table shows the Fund's expenses as of
December 31, 2009 (as adjusted), and pro forma expenses giving effect to the
Advisory Agreements and Sub-Advisory Agreement.
TABLE
1
Fees
and Expenses – Historical and Pro Forma
Based
on Net Assets as of December 31, 2009
|
Current
|
|
Pro
Forma*
|
|
Increase/(Decrease)
|
Investment
advisory fee†
|
$ |
2,338,927 |
|
$ |
1,613,570 |
|
$ |
(725,357 |
Administration
and co-administration fees
|
$ |
555,589 |
|
$ |
555,589 |
|
$ |
-- |
Custody
fees‡
|
$ |
69,454 |
|
$ |
45,484 |
|
$ |
(23,970 |
Acquired
Fund Fees and Operating Expenses††
|
$ |
-- |
|
$ |
3,302,441 |
|
$ |
3,302,441 |
Other
Expenses (e.g. legal, audit, directors, transfer agent,
miscellaneous)
|
$ |
589,756 |
|
$ |
589,756 |
|
$ |
-- |
Total
Expenses
|
$ |
3,553,727 |
|
$ |
6,106,841 |
|
$ |
2,553,114 |
* The pro
forma information shown assumes that Proposals 1 through 3 in this Proxy have
been approved by stockholders. The “Other Expenses” have been estimated based on
information available as of the 6 months ended September 30, 2009.
†
Investment advisory fees are calculated based on net assets as of December 31,
2009. The Current Fee is calculated at the annual rate of 1.125% of
the Fund’s average net assets up to and including $150 million; 1.00% on net
assets in excess of $150 million and up to and including $300 million; and
0.875% on net assets in excess of $300 million. The Pro Forma
Proposed Fee is calculated at the rate of 1.25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets,
with the New Advisers waiving their fees in an amount equal to up to 1.00% of
the Fund’s assets invested in WHM Hedge Funds (approximately 50%) to offset any
asset-based fees (but not any performance-based fees) paid to WHM with respect
to that portion of the Fund’s assets invested in any WHM Hedge
Funds. WHM charges an asset-based fee of 1.00% to the WHM Hedge Funds
presently under consideration for investment by the New Advisers.
‡ Custody
fees are asset-based fees plus certain transaction
expenses. Transaction related custody fees are expected to decline
under the Pro Forma estimate as a result of approximately 50% of the Fund’s
assets being invested in WHM Hedge Funds.
††
“Acquired Fund Fees and Operating Expenses” are the advisory fees and operating
expenses associated with the WHM Hedge Funds in which the New Advisers expect to
invest. They include asset-based fees of 1.00%, approximately 0.07%
of other operating expenses and a performance-based fee of 20% applied against a
hypothetical 10% annual investment return from the WHM Hedge Funds (comprising
50% of the Fund’s assets). The foregoing operating expenses (but not the
performance-based fees) are based on selected WHM Hedge Fund financial
statements for calendar year 2008. Hypothetical or past performance
of the Fund or the WHM Hedge Funds is not indicative of future
performance.
Board Considerations Regarding the
Proposed Advisory Agreements. The 1940 Act requires that the
Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors, approve the terms of
the Advisory Agreements. At a special meeting held on April 16, 2009, and at
their regularly scheduled meeting on April 24, 2009, the Board considered the
Restructuring and, in particular, the Advisory Agreements and, by a unanimous
vote (including a separate vote of the Independent Directors), approved the
Advisory Agreements and recommended they be submitted to stockholders for
approval.
Factors
Considered. Generally, the Board considered a number of
factors in approving the Advisory Agreements including, among other things, (i)
the nature, extent and quality of services to be furnished by the New Advisers
to the Fund; (ii) the investment performance of the Boulder Funds (i.e., the
three other closed-end investment companies managed by BIA and SIA), compared to
relevant market indices and the performance of peer groups of closed-end
investment companies pursuing similar strategies; (iii) the advisory fees and
other expenses to be paid by the Fund compared to the Current Fee
(i.e., the fee paid to Wellington Management) and those of similar
funds managed by other investment advisers; (iv) the profitability to the New
Advisers of their investment advisory relationship with the Fund; (v) the extent
to which economies of scale would be realized as the Fund grows and whether fee
levels reflect any economies of scale; (vi) support of the New Advisers by the
Fund’s principal stockholders; and (vii) the relationship between the New
Advisers and FAS, a Horejsi Affiliate and the Fund’s
co-administrator. The Board also reviewed the ability of the New
Advisers to provide investment management and supervision services to the Fund,
including the background, education and experience of the key portfolio
management and operational personnel, the investment philosophy and
decision-making process of those professionals, and the ethical standards
maintained by the New Advisers.
Deliberative
Process. To assist the Board in its evaluation of the quality
of the New Advisers’ services and the reasonableness of the Proposed Fee, the
Board reviewed a memorandum from independent legal counsel to the Fund and the
Independent Directors discussing the factors generally regarded as appropriate
to consider in evaluating investment advisory arrangements and the duties of
directors in approving such arrangements. In connection with its evaluation, the
Board also requested and received various materials relating to the New
Advisers’ investment services under the Advisory Agreements. These materials
included reports and presentations from the New Advisers that described, among
other things, the New Advisers’ financial condition, pro forma profitability
from their anticipated relationship with the Fund, soft dollar commission and
trade allocation policies, organizational structure and compliance policies and
procedures. The Board also considered information received from SIA and BIA
throughout the year with respect to their oversight of the Boulder Funds,
including investment performance and expense ratio reports for the Boulder
Funds. The Board held additional discussions at both April meetings which
included an executive session among the Independent Directors and their
independent legal counsel at which no employees or representatives of the New
Advisers or Wellington Management were present. The information below
summarizes the Board’s considerations in connection with its approval of the
Advisory Agreements. In deciding to approve the Advisory Agreements, the Board
did not identify a single factor as controlling and this summary does not
describe all of the matters considered. However, the Board concluded that each
of the various factors referred to below favored such approval.
Nature, Extent and Quality of the
Services Provided; Ability to Provide Services. The Board
received and considered various data and information regarding the nature,
extent and quality of services to be provided to the Fund by the New Advisers
under the Advisory Agreements. Each New Adviser’s most recent investment adviser
registration form on the SEC’s Form ADV was provided to the Board, as were the
responses of the New Advisers to information requests submitted by the
Independent Directors through their independent legal counsel. The Board
reviewed and analyzed the materials, which included information about the
background, education and experience of the New Advisers’ key portfolio
management and operational personnel and the amount of attention to be devoted
to the Fund by the New Advisers’ portfolio management personnel. In this regard,
it was noted that BIA and SIA’s only clients are the three Boulder Funds
(presently RMA does not have clients). Accordingly, the Board was
satisfied that the New Advisers’ investment personnel, including Stewart R.
Horejsi, the New Advisers’ principal portfolio manager, would devote a
significant portion of their time and attention to the success of the Fund and
its investment strategy. The Board also considered the New Advisers’ policies
and procedures for ensuring compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
Based on the above factors, the Board concluded that it was generally satisfied
with the nature, extent and quality of the investment advisory services to be
provided to the Fund by the New Advisers, and that the New Advisers possessed
the ability to continuously provide these services to the Fund in the future.
The Board was satisfied that the New Advisers have the experience and personnel
to manage the Fund's portfolio both as it existed on April 24, 2009 (the date of
the Board meeting), and as it would exist under the Restructuring (i.e., with
substantial investment in WHM Hedge Funds). In reaching this
conclusion, the Board noted that BIA and SIA have satisfactorily managed the
Boulder Funds, with respect to which all the Independent Directors also act as
independent board members.
Investment
Performance. The Board considered the investment performance
of BTF since 1999, BIF since 2002, and DNY since 2007, when BIA and SIA took
over management of those funds. The Board noted that the personnel
and structure of BIA and RMA are essentially the same and thus the structure,
personnel and performance of BIA could be used as a proxy for that of
RMA. The Board observed that the long-term performance of the
Boulder Funds (i.e., performance since BIA and SIA began managing the respective
funds' portfolios) outperformed the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, each fund’s
primary relevant benchmark, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average and Nasdaq
Composite, each fund’s secondary benchmarks. In addition, the Board
took into consideration that BIF received 2008 Performance Achievement
Certificates from Lipper Analytical Services for the 1-year and 5-year periods
ended December 31, 2008, in Lipper’s Core Funds category and DNY received 2008
Performance Achievement Certificates from Lipper Analytical Services for the
1-year and 5-year periods ended December 31, 2008, in Lipper’s Real Estate Fund
category. Based on these factors, the Board concluded that the
overall performance results of the Boulder Funds supported approval of the
Advisory Agreements. In their consideration of the New Advisers'
performance, the Board noted that there are significant differences between the
investment focus of the Boulder Funds and that traditionally held by the Fund,
that the Boulder Funds have large concentrations in Berkshire Hathaway
(NYSE:BRK), and that none of the Boulder Funds concentrate on financial services
companies to the extent concentrated by the Fund.
Costs of Services Provided and
Profits Realized by the New Advisers. In evaluating the costs
of the services to be provided to the Fund by the New Advisers, the Board
received statistical and other information regarding the Fund’s total expense
ratio and its various components. The Board acknowledged that the
Proposed Fee is at the higher end of the spectrum of fees charged by similarly
situated investment advisers of closed-end funds, although it is the same as
that charged by BIA and SIA to the Boulder Funds, who are BIA’s and SIA’s only
other clients. The Board also considered that the New Advisers have a
policy of not participating in (or neutralizing the indirect cost to their
clients of) soft dollar or directed brokerage transactions, and that instead,
the New Advisers directly bear the cost of third-party research utilized by
them, increasing the cost to the New Advisers of providing investment management
services to their fund clients and decreasing their clients' transaction
expenses. The Board also obtained detailed information regarding the overall
profitability of the New Advisers and the combined profitability of the New
Advisers, BIA and FAS, which acts as co-administrator for the Fund. The combined
profitability information was obtained to assist the Board in determining the
overall benefits to the New Advisers from their relationship to the Fund. In
particular, the Board reviewed the costs anticipated to be incurred by the New
Advisers and FAS in providing services to the Fund. Based on its analysis of
this information, the Board determined that the level of profits expected to be
earned by the New Advisers from managing the Fund bear a reasonable relationship
to the services rendered, and concluded that the fee under the Advisory
Agreements was reasonable and fair in light of the nature and quality of the
services provided by the New Advisers. The Board recognized that the
Proposed Fee, on a “look-through” basis, represents a modest increase compared
to the cost of advisory services currently provided to the Fund by Wellington
Management. However, the Board believed that the higher fee is justified
primarily because the New Advisers will have the added responsibility of
overseeing the Fund’s hedge fund investments and Wellington Management as
sub-adviser, each of which will require an increased expenditure of resources,
and determining the Fund’s asset allocation across the entire universe of
investment possibilities.
The Board
took into consideration that, with respect to the Boulder Funds, BIA and SIA
have advocated removal of investment restrictions which ultimately benefited
stockholders, but that the Fund will require the New Advisers to analyze a much
broader universe of investments than those of the Boulder Funds. The
Board observed that in contrast, under the Fund's present Concentration Policy,
Wellington Management analyzed a relatively narrow asset class (i.e., financial
services companies) having fewer investment prospects. Moreover, the
Board noted that under the Concentration Policy, Wellington Management is
mandated to remain substantially invested in financial services companies
whether or not the financial services industry is in or out of favor, and thus
does not have the burden of determining when and whether reducing the industry
concentration is appropriate and in the best interests of the
stockholders. The Board believed that the New Advisers will
necessarily expend more time, energy and resources in determining the most
appropriate asset class at the most appropriate time and thus are entitled to a
higher fee than the Current Fee.
Economies of Scale. The Board
considered whether economies of scale might occur with respect to the management
of the Fund, whether the Fund could appropriately benefit from any economies of
scale, and whether the Proposed Fee is reasonable in relation to the Fund’s
assets and any economies of scale that may exist. Based on the relatively small
size of the Fund, the Board determined that no meaningful economies of scale
would be realized until the Fund achieved significantly higher asset levels. The
Board also noted that SIA’s and BIA’s internal costs of providing investment
management services to the Boulder Funds had increased over time, in part due to
administrative burdens and expenses resulting from legislative and regulatory
actions, and that the New Advisers might need to hire additional personnel as
their assets under management increase. Nevertheless, the Board determined that
breakpoints should be added to the Fund’s advisory fee schedule to reduce the
advisory fees in the event the Fund’s assets increase over current levels. After
some discussion, the New Advisers agreed to a waiver of advisory fees such that
the advisory fees would be calculated at the annual rate of 1.25% on asset
levels up to $400 million, 1.10% on assets between $400-$600 million; and 1.00%
on assets exceeding $600 million. This fee waiver agreement has a one-year term
after the Effective Date and is renewable annually. The Board
concluded that these breakpoint levels were acceptable and would appropriately
benefit the Fund from any economies of scale realized by the New Advisers if the
Fund’s assets grow.
Support by Significant
Stockholders. The Board placed considerable weight on the
views of the Horejsi Affiliates, the Fund’s largest stockholders, which are
affiliated with Mr. Horejsi and the New Advisers. As of May 31, 2009, the
Horejsi Affiliates held approximately 35.51% of the Shares. The Board
understands from Mr. Horejsi that the Horejsi Affiliates
are supportive of the New Advisers and the approval of the Advisory
Agreements.
Approval. The
Board based its decision to approve the Advisory Agreements on a careful
analysis, in consultation with independent counsel for the Fund and the
Independent Directors, of these and other factors. In approving the Advisory
Agreements, the Board concluded that the terms of the Advisory Agreements are
reasonable and fair and that approval of the Advisory Agreements is in the best
interests of the Fund and its stockholders.
How the Horejsi Affiliates will
Vote. Representatives of the Horejsi Affiliates, which hold
approximately 35.51% of the Shares, who, because of their ownership of the New
Advisers, have an economic interest in approval of Proposal 1 and Proposal 2,
have informed the Board that the Horejsi Affiliates will vote their shares FOR
both Proposal 1 and Proposal 2.
Conditional
Proposals. Passage of Proposals 1 and 2 (approval of the
Advisory Agreements) and Proposal 3 (approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement) are
conditioned on all such Proposals being approved by stockholders
(i.e., if one fails to achieve stockholder approval, all three
fail).
Required Vote. Approval of
each of Proposals 1 and 2 requires a 1940 Act Majority Vote.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 1.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 2.
PROPOSAL
3
TO
APPROVE OR DISAAPROVE THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT WITH
WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLP
Background of
Proposal. See “Background” discussion under Proposals 1 and 2
above.
Wellington Management Company,
LLP. Wellington Management is being proposed to act as
sub-adviser to the Fund with respect to the Legacy Holdings for a period of two
years following the Effective Date. Wellington Management is located
at 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts. Wellington Management is a
Massachusetts limited liability partnership and a professional investment
counseling firm which provides investment services to investment companies,
employee benefit plans, endowments, foundations, and other institutions.
Wellington Management and its predecessor organizations have provided investment
advisory services for over 70 years. As of December 31, 2009, Wellington
Management had investment management authority with respect to approximately
$537* billion in assets. Wellington Management has managed the Fund since its
inception in 1986. Nicholas C. Adams, Senior Vice President, Partner and Equity
Portfolio Manager, is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the
Fund and, if the Restructuring is approved by stockholders, is expected to
continue managing the Legacy Holdings for a period of two years following the
Effective Date. Mr. Adams joined Wellington Management as an
investment professional in 1983.
* The
firm-wide asset totals do not include agency mortgage-backed security
pass-through accounts managed for the Federal Reserve.
The names
and principal occupations of the principal executive officers of Wellington
Management are set forth below. Unless otherwise stated below, the
business address of each such person is 75 State Street, Boston
Massachusetts:
Name
|
Position
with Wellington Management /
Principal
Occupation
|
Charles
S. Argyle
|
Managing
Director, Partner and Executive Committee Member
|
Edward
P. Bousa
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Executive Committee Member
|
Cynthia
M. Clarke
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Chief Legal Officer
|
Lucius
T. Hill, III
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Executive Committee Member
|
Selwyn
J. Notelovitz
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Chief Compliance Officer
|
Saul
J. Pannell
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Executive Committee Member
|
Phillip
H. Perelmuter
|
Senior
Vice President, Managing Partner and Executive Committee
Member
|
Edward
J. Steinborn
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Chief Financial Officer
|
Brendan
J. Swords
|
Senior
Vice President, Managing Partner and Executive Committee
Member
|
Perry
M. Traquina
|
President,
Chief Executive Officer, Managing Partner and Executive Committee
Member
|
Vera
M. Trojan
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Executive Committee Member
|
James
W. Valone
|
Senior
Vice President, Partner and Executive Committee
Member
|
Current
Agreement. Wellington Management has served as the sole
investment manager to the Fund from its inception in 1986. Pursuant
to the terms of the investment advisory agreement between Wellington Management
and the Fund (the “Current Advisory Agreement”), Wellington Management is
responsible for managing the Fund’s investment portfolio. The Current
Advisory Agreement was amended in July 2006, after required approval was
obtained from the Board and stockholders to increase the fees payable to
Wellington Management. Under the agreement, as amended, Wellington
Management is entitled to receive an investment advisory fee at the annual rate
of 1.125% of the Fund’s average net assets, based on the net assets on the last
business day of each month, up to and including $150 million; 1.00% on net
assets in excess of $150 million and up to and including $300 million; and
0.875% on net assets in excess of $300 million (defined above as the “Current
Fee”).
The Sub-Advisory
Agreement. A copy of the Sub-Advisory Agreement is set forth
as Exhibit B to
this Proxy Statement. If approved by stockholders, the Sub-Advisory Agreement
will become effective on the Effective Date and continue for a two-year period,
at which time it will terminate by its terms. The Sub-Advisory
Agreement is terminable, without penalty, on 60 days' written notice by the
Board or by Wellington Management upon written notice to the
Fund. The Sub-Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically upon
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). Under the Sub-Advisory
Agreement, Wellington Management is solely responsible for making investment
decisions regarding whether to continue to hold or to sell Legacy Holdings
(defined above) including, but not limited to, supplying investment research and
portfolio management services and placing purchase and sale orders for portfolio
transactions. However, Wellington Management will manage the Legacy
Holdings with a view toward liquidating the assets to generate cash for the New
Advisers to invest or familiarizing the New Advisers with these
holdings. Wellington Management will have no authority after the
Effective Date to directly purchase any new security for the
Fund. The Sub-Advisory Agreement also provides that Wellington
Management will bear all expenses in connection with its performance, including
fees that it might pay to consultants. Under the Sub-Advisory
Agreement, Wellington Management will be compensated at a rate equal to the
Current Fee (the “Proposed Sub-Advisory Fee”).
Fees and Expenses. See Table 1
above which consolidates the fees and expenses associated with Proposals 1
through 3.
Board Considerations Regarding the
Sub-Advisory Agreement. The 1940 Act requires that the Board,
including a majority of the Independent Directors, approve the terms of the
Sub-Advisory Agreement. At a special meeting held on April 16, 2009, and at
their regularly scheduled meeting on April 24, 2009, the Board considered the
Restructuring and, in particular, the Sub-Advisory Agreement and, by a unanimous
vote (including a separate vote of the Independent Directors), approved the
Sub-Advisory Agreement and recommended it be submitted to stockholders for
approval.
Factors
Considered. Generally, the Board considered a number of
factors in approving the Sub-Advisory Agreement including, among other things,
(i) the nature, extent and quality of services to be furnished by Wellington
Management to the Fund; (ii) the investment performance of the Fund under
Wellington Management’s management compared to relevant market indices and the
performance of comparable funds; (iii) the advisory fees and other expenses paid
by the Fund; (iv) the profitability to Wellington Management of its investment
advisory relationship with the Fund; (v) the extent to which economies of scale
are realized and whether fee levels reflect any economies of scale; (vi) support
of Wellington Management by the Fund’s principal stockholders; and (vii) the
historical relationship between the Fund and Wellington
Management. The Board also reviewed the willingness of Wellington
Management to provide temporary investment management services to the Fund with
respect to the Legacy Holdings and its ability to provide supervision services
to the Fund, including the background, education and experience of the key
portfolio management and operational personnel, the investment philosophy and
decision-making process of those professionals, and the ethical standards
maintained by Wellington Management.
Deliberative
Process. To assist the Board in its evaluation of the quality
of Wellington Management’s services and the reasonableness of the fees under the
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Board received a memorandum from independent legal
counsel to the Fund and the Independent Directors discussing the factors
generally regarded as appropriate to consider in evaluating investment advisory
arrangements and the duties of directors in approving such arrangements. In
connection with its evaluation, the Board also requested and received various
materials relating to Wellington Management’s investment services under the
Current Advisory Agreement. These materials included reports and presentations
from Wellington Management that described, among other things, Wellington
Management’s organizational structure, financial condition, internal controls,
policies and procedures on brokerage practices, soft-dollar commissions and
trade allocation, comparative investment performance results, comparative
sub-advisory fees, and compliance policies and procedures. The Board also
reviewed a report prepared by Wellington Management comparing the Fund’s
performance to a group of closed-end and open-end mutual funds with similar,
though not identical, investment strategies as the Fund (the “Peer Group”). The
Board also considered information received from Wellington Management throughout
the year, including investment performance and returns as well as stock price
and net asset value. In advance of the April 24, 2009 meeting, the
Independent Directors held a special telephonic meeting with counsel to the Fund
and the Independent Directors. The purpose of this meeting was to discuss the
Restructuring and renewal of the Current Advisory Agreement and to review the
materials provided to the Board by Wellington Management in connection with the
annual review process. The Board held additional discussions at the
April 24, 2009 Board meeting, which included a private session among the
Independent Directors and their independent legal counsel at which no employees
or representatives of the New Advisers or Wellington Management were
present. The information below summarizes the Board’s considerations
in connection with its approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement. In deciding to
approve the Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Board did not identify a single factor
as controlling and this summary does not describe all of the matters considered.
However, the Board concluded that each of the various factors referred to below
favored such approval.
Nature, Extent and Quality of the
Services Provided; Ability to Provide Services. The Board
received and considered various data and information regarding the nature,
extent and quality of services currently provided to the Fund by Wellington
Management under the Current Advisory Agreement. Wellington Management’s most
recent investment adviser registration form on the SEC’s Form ADV was provided
to the Board, as were the responses of Wellington Management to an information
request submitted to it by the Independent Directors through their independent
legal counsel. The Board reviewed and analyzed the materials, which included
information about the background, education and experience of Wellington
Management’s key portfolio management and operational personnel and the amount
of attention currently devoted to the Fund by Wellington Management’s portfolio
management personnel. The Board also reviewed Wellington Management’s policies
and procedures on side-by-side management of hedge funds and other accounts and
any impact these might have on the success of the Fund. The Board was satisfied
that Wellington Management’s investment personnel, including Mr. Adams, the
Fund’s principal portfolio manager, would devote an adequate portion of their
time and attention to the success of the Fund and its investment strategy,
particularly given a reduction in the number of accounts managed by Mr. Adams
that occurred in 2006. Based on the above factors, the Board concluded that it
was generally satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of the investment
advisory services to be provided to the Fund by Wellington Management, and that
Wellington Management possessed the ability to continue to provide these
services to the Fund in the future.
Investment Performance. The
Board considered the investment performance of the Fund as compared to relevant
indices, the performance of three comparable closed-end financial services funds
(the “Closed-End Peer Group”) and the performance of 11 selected open-end
financial services funds (the “Open-End Peer Group”) for the year-to-date, one-,
three-, five- and ten-year periods and since-inception period (for the indices
only) ended February 28, 2009. Certain information for certain
periods were not available, depending on the inception date of the index or
comparable fund. The Board noted that the Fund’s returns gross of
fees of were in line with the returns of the S&P 500 Index, NASDAQ Composite
Principal Index, NASDAQ Banks Index, SNL All Daily Thrift Index, and MSCI World
Financials ex-Real Estate Index for the one-year, three-year and five-year
periods, and that the Fund had outperformed all of those indices for the
ten-year and since-inception periods. The Board noted that the
financial services sector of the stock market had experienced a significant
decline in late 2008 and early 2009, which accounted for the Fund’s recent
relative underperformance as compared to broader market indices. The Board also
observed that the Fund had significantly outperformed the Closed-End Peer Group
over the year-to-date, one-, five- and ten-year periods except for one fund for
the one-year period. The Board further noted that the Fund
outperformed the Lipper Financial Services Fund Average and
the Open-End Peer Group in all time-period categories except for four
funds in the one-year period, three funds in the three-year period, and one fund
in the five-year period. In concluding that the Fund’s overall
investment performance supported renewal of the Current Advisory Agreement and
approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement under the Restructuring, the Board
ascribed greater weight to the long-term performance of the Fund against its
benchmarks and other financial services funds.
Costs of Services Provided and
Profits Realized by Wellington Management. In evaluating the
costs of the services to be provided to the Fund by Wellington Management, the
Board relied on statistical and other information regarding the Fund’s total
expense ratio and its various components, including the Proposed Fee and
Proposed Sub-Advisory Fee and investment-related expenses. The Board also noted
that in 2006, in connection with a proposed increase in advisory fees under the
Current Advisory Agreement that was ultimately approved by the Board and
stockholders, it had conducted a detailed evaluation of the Fund’s expense ratio
and the advisory fees charged by Wellington Management. The Board noted that the
Proposed Sub-Advisory Fee is in the range of advisory fees for funds in the
Closed-End Peer Group and is comparable to the fees earned by Wellington
Management on other portfolios managed by Mr. Adams, including certain WHM Hedge
Funds. The Board also noted that the Proposed Fee to be charged by
the New Advisers is at the higher end of the spectrum of fees charged by
similarly situated investment advisers of closed-end funds but that the Advisory
Agreements with the New Advisers contain a waiver of all fees paid to Wellington
Management under the Sub-Advisory Agreement.
The Board
also obtained information regarding the overall profitability of Wellington
Management to assist the Board in determining the overall benefits to Wellington
Management from its relationship to the Fund. The Board compared the overall
profitability of Wellington Management to the profitability of certain publicly
traded investment management firms. Based on its analysis of this information,
the Board determined that the overall level of profits earned by Wellington
Management did not appear to be unreasonable based on the profitability of other
investment management firms and the quality of the services rendered by
Wellington Management. Based on these factors, the Board concluded
that the fee under the Sub-Advisory Agreement was reasonable and fair in light
of the nature and quality of the services provided by Wellington
Management.
Economies of
Scale. The Board considered whether there have been economies
of scale with respect to the management of the Fund, whether the Fund has
appropriately benefited from any economies of scale, and whether the Proposed
Sub-Advisory Fee is reasonable in relation to the Fund’s assets and any
economies of scale that may exist. The Board noted that that the Proposed
Sub-Advisory Fee includes breakpoints. In evaluating economies of scale, the
Board noted that Wellington Management’s internal costs of providing investment
management services to the Fund had continued to increase, particularly costs
associated with attracting and retaining talented investment personnel and
compliance costs. The Board concluded that the breakpoints in the fee schedule
are acceptable and appropriately reflect any economies of scale expected to be
realized by Wellington Management in managing the Legacy Holdings if the Fund’s
net assets increase.
Support by Significant
Stockholder. The Board placed considerable weight on the views
of the Horejsi Affiliates, the Fund’s largest stockholders, which are affiliated
with Mr. Horejsi and the New Advisers. As of May 31, 2009, the Horejsi
Affiliates held approximately 35.51% of the Shares. The Board
understands from Mr. Horejsi that the Horejsi Affiliates are supportive of the
Restructuring and engaging Wellington Management to manage the Legacy Holdings
under the Sub-Advisory Agreement.
Approval. The
Board based its decision to approve the Sub-Advisory Agreement on a careful
analysis, in consultation with independent counsel to the Fund and the
Independent Directors, of these and other factors. In approving the
Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Board concluded that the terms of the Sub-Advisory
are reasonable and fair and that approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement is in
the best interests of the Fund and its stockholders.
How the Horejsi Affiliates Will
Vote. Representatives of the Horejsi Affiliates, which hold
approximately 35.51% of the Shares, who, because of their ownership of the New
Advisers, have an economic interest in approval of Proposals 1 through 3, have
informed the Board that the Horejsi Affiliates will vote their Shares FOR
Proposal 3.
Conditional
Proposal. Passage of Proposals 1 and 2 (approval of the
Advisory Agreements) and Proposal 3 (approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement) are
conditioned on all such Proposals being approved by stockholders
(i.e., if one fails to achieve stockholder approval, all three
fail).
Required Vote. Approval of
Proposal 3 requires a 1940 Act Majority Vote.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 3.
PROPOSAL
4
TO APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE
ELIMINATING THE FUND’S FUNDAMENTAL POLICY OF INVESTING AT LEAST 65% OF
ITS ASSETS IN FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPANIES
Summary of
Proposal. The Fund has adopted a fundamental investment policy
of investing at least 65% of its assets in “financial services companies”
(defined above as the “Concentration Policy”). “Financial
services companies” are broadly defined to include, but are not limited to,
savings and banking institutions, mortgage banking institutions, real estate
investment trusts, consumer finance companies, credit collection and related
service companies, insurance companies, security and commodity brokerage
companies, security exchange companies, financial-related technology companies,
investment advisory and asset management firms, and financial conglomerates, and
holding companies of any of these companies. The Concentration Policy
is “fundamental”, meaning that it cannot be changed without a 1940 Act Majority
Vote. If approved, Proposal 4 will eliminate the Concentration Policy
in its entirety such that the Fund will no longer be required to invest
significantly (i.e., greater than 25%) in financial services companies or the
financial services or any other industry.
Reason for this
Proposal. Under the Concentration Policy, the Fund is required
to invest greater than 65% of its total assets in financial services
companies. In 2006, in order to provide the Fund’s adviser with more
flexibility and mitigate industry risk, stockholders approved an amendment to
the Fund’s concentration policy which broadened the scope of financial companies
in which the Fund could invest and which would be included when determining
whether the Fund has met its concentration threshold (i.e., the “financial
services companies” described above). Management believes that, even
in its broadened form, the Concentration Policy is still overly restrictive and
could unduly expose the Fund to considerable downside risk and volatility should
the financial services industry take a further downturn. For example,
the recent sub-prime fiasco, the banking, credit and liquidity crisis, changes
in the tax laws and other factors have disproportionately impacted the Fund
under its Concentration Policy. Financial services companies are also
affected by general economic conditions. All of these risks are compounded
because, under the Concentration Policy, the Fund is "fundamentally bound" to
invest in these types of assets. Management believes that eliminating the
financial mandate under the Concentration Policy will mitigate the inherent risk
of concentrating in the financial services sector.
Generally,
as with all equity funds, the Fund’s net asset value can fall because of
weakness in the broad market, a particular industry, or specific holdings. The
market as a whole can decline for many reasons, including adverse political or
economic developments domestically or abroad, changes in investor psychology or
heavy institutional selling. The prospects for an industry or company may
deteriorate because of a variety of factors, including disappointing earnings or
changes in the competitive environment. In addition, the Fund’s adviser’s
assessment of companies held by the Fund may prove incorrect, resulting in
losses or poor performance even in a rising market. Finally, the Fund’s
investment approach could fall out of favor with the investing public, resulting
in lagging performance compared to other types of stock funds. Foreign stock
holdings may lose value because of declining foreign currencies or adverse
political or economic events overseas. As with any investment company, there can
be no guarantee the Fund will achieve its objective.
If the
Concentration Policy is eliminated under Proposal 4, going forward, the Fund
would be precluded from investing more than 25% of its assets in the financial
services or any other industry. However, the Fund would likely be
concentrated in the securities of financial services companies immediately
following the Effective Date as a result of the current effectiveness of the
Concentration Policy. The New Advisers would seek to reduce the
Fund’s holdings in financial services companies to below 25% of the Fund’s
assets in a prudent manner consistent with elimination of the Concentration
Policy. As discussed, if the Restructuring Proposals are approved by
stockholders, the New Advisers expect to invest significantly in the WHM Hedge
Funds, which have significant exposure to the financial services
sector. However, the Fund will not “look
through” its investments in the WHM Hedge Funds to underlying portfolio holdings
in financial services companies in determining whether the Fund exceeds the 25%
maximum concentration threshold contemplated under this Proposal. The Fund could
therefore become indirectly concentrated in financial services companies by
virtue of the investments by the WHM Hedge Funds in such
investments. If the Restructuring Proposals are approved by
stockholders, in the near term the New Advisers expect to focus primarily on a
broad range of companies which may or may not include financial services
companies.
Risks and Disadvantages of
Eliminating the Concentration Policy. Eliminating the Concentration
Policy so that the Fund may no longer invest more than 25% of its assets in
financial services companies may, for some long-term investors, take away some
of their ability to invest in the Fund as a means of diversifying into the
financial services industry. However, management does not view eliminating the
current policy as increasing risk. Indeed, management believes that eliminating
the current 65% requirement will mitigate industry concentration
risks.
Board
Considerations. At a special meeting held on April 16, 2009,
and at their regularly scheduled meeting on April 24, 2009, the Board
considered, among other things, amending the Concentration Policy. In
view of the disproportionate impact that the recent market downturn has had on
financial services companies generally, the Board concluded that maintaining the
65% requirement imposes a disproportionate industry risk on the Fund and
stockholders and should be eliminated altogether should the Restructuring
Proposals be approved by stockholders.
Conditional
Proposal. If Proposals 1 through 3 are not approved by
stockholders (i.e., Wellington Management continues as the Fund’s
primary investment manager), Proposal 4 will not become
effective regardless of whether or not it is approved by
stockholders.
Required Vote. Approval of
Proposal 4 requires a 1940 Act Majority Vote.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 4.
PROPOSAL
5
TO
APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE AMENDING THE CONCENTRATION POLICY
Summary of
Proposal. As discussed in Proposal 4, the Fund has adopted a
fundamental investment policy of investing at least 65% of its assets in
“financial services companies” (defined above as the “Concentration
Policy”). The Concentration Policy is “fundamental”, meaning that it
cannot be changed without a 1940 Act Majority Vote. If approved,
Proposal 5 will amend the Concentration Policy to reduce the minimum threshold
level of the Fund’s investment in financial services companies to 25% of the
Fund’s assets. Proposal 5 will become effective only if the Proposal
is approved by stockholders and stockholders
do not approve
the Restructuring Proposals (i.e., Proposals 1 through 3).
Reason for this
Proposal. See discussion under Proposal 4 above. If
the Restructuring Proposals are not approved by stockholders, Wellington
Management would continue to manage the Fund and would do so with a continued
focus on the Fund’s historic industry (i.e., financial
services). However, as discussed in Proposal 4, the Board determined
that, regardless of whether or not the Restructuring Proposals are approved,
continuing Fund operations with a 65% minimum threshold imposes a
disproportionate industry risk on the Fund and should be, at the very least,
reduced to the minimum level permitted under the 1940 Act for an investment
company which has declared a concentration policy (i.e., 25%). In
2006, in order to provide the Fund’s adviser with more flexibility and mitigate
industry risk, stockholders approved an amendment to the Fund’s concentration
policy which broadened the scope of financial companies in which the Fund could
invest and which would be included when determining whether the Fund has met its
concentration threshold (i.e., the “financial services companies” described
above). Management believes that, even in its broadened form, the
Concentration Policy is still overly restrictive and could unduly expose the
Fund to considerable downside risk and volatility should the financial services
industry take a further downturn. For example, the recent sub-prime
fiasco, the banking, credit and liquidity crisis, changes in the tax laws and
other factors have disproportionately impacted the Fund under its Concentration
Policy. Financial services companies are also affected by general
economic conditions. All of these risks are compounded because, under the
Concentration Policy, the Fund is "fundamentally bound" to invest in these types
of assets. Management believes that, if the Restructuring Proposals
are not approved by stockholders, reducing the financial mandate under the
Concentration Policy will mitigate the inherent risk of concentrating in the
financial services sector.
Risks and Disadvantages of Amending
the Concentration Policy. See discussion under Proposal 4
above.
Board
Considerations. See discussion under Proposal 4
above.
Conditional
Proposal. Proposal 5 will become effective only if the
Proposal is approved by stockholders and Proposals 1
through 3 are
not approved by stockholders (i.e., Wellington Management continues as
the Fund’s primary investment manager).
Required
Vote. Approval of Proposal 5 requires a 1940 Act Majority
Vote.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 5.
PROPOSAL
6
ELECTION
OF DIRECTORS OF THE FUND
The
Fund’s organizational documents provide that all of the Directors stand for
election each year. The Board has nominated the following five director-nominees
to stand for election, each for a one-year term and until their successors are
duly elected and qualify: Joel W. Looney, Richard I. Barr, Dr. Dean L. Jacobson,
Susan L. Ciciora and John S. Horejsi. The above nominees have consented to serve
as Directors if elected at the Meeting for the one-year term. If any of the
designated nominees declines or otherwise becomes unavailable for election,
however, the proxy confers discretionary power on the persons named therein to
vote in favor of a substitute nominee or nominees for the Board.
INFORMATION ABOUT DIRECTORS AND
OFFICERS. Set forth in the
following table is information about the Board of Directors:
Name
|
Age
|
Director
Since
|
Position
|
Independent
Directors
|
|
|
|
Joel
W. Looney
|
48
|
2003
|
Chairman
|
Richard
I. Barr
|
72
|
2001
|
Director
|
Dr.
Dean Jacobson
|
71
|
2003
|
Director
|
Interested
Directors
|
|
|
|
Susan
L. Ciciora
|
45
|
2003
|
Director
|
John
S. Horejsi
|
42
|
2006
|
Director
|
INFORMATION
ABOUT THE DIRECTORS’ QUALIFICATIONS, EXPERIENCE, ATTRIBUTES AND
SKILLS.
The Board
believes that each of the Directors have the qualifications, experience,
attributes and skills appropriate to their continued service as Directors of the
Fund in light of its business and structure. Each Director has
substantial business and professional background and/or board experience that
indicate their ability to critically review, evaluate and respond appropriately
to information provided to them. Certain of these business and
professional experiences are set forth in detail in the narratives
below. In addition, each Director has served on boards for investment
companies and organizations other than the Fund, as well as having served on the
Board of the Fund for a number of years. They therefore have
substantial board experience and, in their service to the Fund, have gained
substantial insight as to the operation of the Fund. The Board
annually conducts a “self-assessment” wherein the effectiveness of the Board and
individual Directors is reviewed.
Below is
information concerning each particular Director and certain of their pertinent
qualifications, experience, attributes and skills. The information
provided below, and in the chart above, is not all-inclusive. Many of
the Directors’ attributes involve intangible elements, such as intelligence,
work and investment ethic, diversity in terms of background or experiences, an
appreciation of and belief in the long-term investment approach of the Fund, the
ability to work together collaboratively, the ability to communicate
effectively, the ability to exercise judgment, to ask incisive questions, to
manage people and problems or to develop solutions. In conducting its
annual self-assessment, the Board has determined that the Directors have the
appropriate qualifications, skills, attributes and experience to continue to
serve effectively as Directors of the Fund.
The
Directors’ respective addresses are c/o First Opportunity Fund, Inc., 2344
Spruce Street, Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80302. Mr. Horejsi and Ms.
Ciciora are each considered “interested persons” because of the extent of their
beneficial ownership of Fund shares and by virtue of their indirect beneficial
ownership of BIA and FAS. The following sets forth the backgrounds
and business experience of the Directors:
Joel W. Looney, Director and
Chairman of the Board. Mr. Looney joined the Board in 2003 and
sits on the boards of three other closed-end investment companies affiliated
with the Fund – the Boulder Growth & Income Fund (“BIF”) since 2002, Boulder
Total Return Fund (“BTF”) since 2001 and, The Denali Fund (“DNY”) since 2007
(together, the “Affiliated Funds”). Mr. Looney has significant
financial, accounting and investment knowledge and experience. He
holds a Certified Financial Planner (“CFP”) designation and, since 1999, has
been a principal and partner with Financial Management Group, LLC, an investment
management firm in Salina, KS (“FMG”). Mr. Looney is a registered
representative with VSR Financial Services, Inc. of Overland Park, Kansas and
holds FINRA-approved Series 7, Series 63 Uniform State Law and Series 65 Uniform
Investment Adviser Law certifications. Prior to his current position
with FMG, Mr. Looney was vice president and CFO for Bethany College in
Lindsborg, Kansas (1995 - 1999) and also served as vice president and CFO for
St. John’s Military School in Salina, Kansas (1986 - 1995). From the
late 1980’s until January, 2001, Mr. Looney served, without compensation, as one
of three trustees of the Mildred Horejsi Trust, an affiliate of the EH
Trust. Mr. Looney holds a B.S. from Marymount College and an MBA from
Kansas State University. The Board believes that Mr. Looney’s past experience as
a chief financial officer and his ongoing experience in the investment
management industry uniquely qualifies him as a Director and, in particular, as
chairman of the Audit Committee and the Fund’s “financial expert” (as defined
under the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation S-K, Item
407(d)). In addition, since joining the board of
directors of BTF in 2001, Mr. Looney has gained substantial board and closed-end
investment company experience and, together with the other Directors, has dealt
skillfully with a broad range of complex issues vis-à-vis the Fund and
Affiliated Funds.
Richard I. Barr,
Director. Mr. Barr joined the Board in 2001 and sits on the
boards of each of the three Affiliated Funds; BIF since 2002, BTF since 1999 and
DNY since 2007. Mr. Barr has extensive business, executive and board
experience including positions as president and director of Advantage Sales and
Marketing (1996 to 2001), president and CEO of CBS Marketing (1963 to 1996),
member of the board of directors (and National Chairman) for the Association of
Sales and Marketing Companies (formerly the National Food Brokers Association),
president of the Arizona Food Brokers Association, and advisory board member for
various food manufacturers including H.J. Heinz, ConAgra, Kraft Foods, and
M&M Mars. In addition to these professional positions and
experience, Mr. Barr has served in a number of leadership roles with various
charitable or other non-profit organizations, including as member of the board
of directors of Valley Big Brothers/Big Sisters, member of the board of advisers
for University of Kansas Business School, and member of the board of directors
for St. Mary’s Food Bank. Prior to joining the Board, Mr. Barr
amassed substantial and diverse business, executive management and board
experience in a broad range of commercial and non-profit
organizations. The Board believes that given his diverse background
and experience, together with over 10 years of closed-end board experience, Mr.
Barr is uniquely qualified to deal with the complexity and assortment of issues
confronting closed-end boards. Since joining the board of directors
of BTF in 1999, Mr. Barr has gained substantial board and closed-end investment
company experience and, together with the other Directors, has dealt skillfully
with a broad range of complex issues vis-à-vis the Fund and Affiliated
Funds.
Dr. Dean Jacobson,
Director. Dr. Jacobson joined the Board in 2003 and sits on
the boards of each of the three Affiliated Funds; BIF since 2006, BTF since 2004
and DNY since 2007. He has significant executive and business
experience and extensive academic qualifications. Since 1985, Dr.
Jacobson has been president and CEO of Forensic Engineering, Inc., a consulting
engineering firm providing scientific and technical expertise in a number of
areas where discovery related to property damage and/or personal injury is
necessary (e.g., accident reconstruction, failure and design analysis of
products, animation and simulation of fires, explosions and mechanical system
functions). He sits on the boards of directors of Southwest Mobile Storage Inc.
(1995 to Present), Arizona State University Foundation, (1999 to 2009) and
Arizona State University Sun Angel Foundation (past chairman) (1995 to
Present). He is a Professor Emeritus at Arizona State University
(“ASU”) and held a number of faculty and advisory positions at ASU between 1971
and 1997, including director of the Science and Engineering of Materials Ph.D.
program and tenured professor of Engineering, and he has also served as a
professor and/or research assistant at the University of California at Los
Angeles (“UCLA”) (1964 to 1969) and the University of Notre Dame (“Notre Dame”)
(1957 to 1963). Dr. Jacobson is a renowned expert in business
engineering processes and has published over 130 scholarly and peer-reviewed
research articles in numerous academic, research and business journals and
publications. He holds two patents and a number of professional and
business designations. He holds a B.S. and an M.S. from Notre Dame,
and a Ph.D. from UCLA. In addition to his substantial academic and business
experience, the Board believes that Dr. Jacobson brings to the Board a strong
intellect and exceptional and proven analytical skills. His forensics
engineering and consulting business exposes him to a diversity of complicated
issues requiring him to effectively analyze highly technical systems, formulate
complicated opinions and articulate convincing conclusions, the same set of
skills required to be an effective member of the board of directors of a public
company. The Board believes that Dr. Jacobson’s intellect and
critical thinking add an important analytical dimension to the
Board. In addition, since joining the Board in 2003, Dr. Jacobson has
gained substantial board and closed-end investment company experience and,
together with the other Directors, has dealt skillfully with a broad range of
complex issues vis-à-vis the Fund and Affiliated Funds.
Susan L. Ciciora,
Director. Ms. Ciciora joined the Board in 2003 and sits on the
boards of each of the three Affiliated Funds; BIF since 2006, BTF since 2001 and
DNY since 2007. She has extensive board experience as one of three
trustees of the Lola Brown Trust No. 1B since 1994 and the Ernest Horejsi Trust
No. 1B since 1992. Ms. Ciciora has other business experiences
including various executive positions with a mid-west welding supply company and
a custom home construction company. She also has served as a director
of the Horejsi Charitable Foundation, Inc. (the “Foundation”) since
1997. She holds a B.S. from the University of Kansas. Ms.
Ciciora is Stewart Horejsi’s daughter. As a trustee and beneficiary
under the Brown Trust and Mildred Trust, the Fund’s largest stockholders, Ms.
Ciciora has a vested interest in ensuring that the Fund’s investment ideals are
and continue to be followed. Ms. Ciciora sits on the board of
directors of the Foundation, and is a trustee of the Brown Trust and Mildred
Trust and, in such capacity and in her prior business experience, has been and
continues to be exposed to complex financial, business, taxation and investment
matters. In addition, since joining the board of directors of BTF in 2001, Ms.
Ciciora has gained substantial board and closed-end investment company
experience and, together with the other Directors, has dealt skillfully with a
broad range of complex issues vis-à-vis the Fund and Affiliated
Funds.
John S. Horejsi,
Director. Mr. Horejsi joined the Board in 2006 and sits on the
boards of each of the three Affiliated Funds; BIF since 2004, BTF since 2006 and
DNY since 2007. Mr. Horejsi has both executive and business
experience. He has been involved in a number of business ventures,
including as manager of a record label and music production company, various
positions with a mid-west regional welding supply business and as part owner and
driver for an automobile racing team. Mr. Horejsi also has board
experience outside of the Funds as a director of the Foundation (since
1997). Mr. Horejsi previously held a commercial real estate license
in California. Mr. Horejsi holds a B.S. from the University of
Kansas. Mr. Horejsi is Stewart Horejsi’s son and, like his sister, is
a beneficiary under the Brown Trust and Mildred Trust. Accordingly,
Mr. Horejsi has a vested interest in making sure the Fund’s investment ideals
are and continue to be followed. Mr. Horejsi has been involved in a
variety of business interests and, as a member of the board of directors of the
Foundation and another Horejsi trust, has been and continues to be exposed to
complex financial, business, taxation and investment matters. In addition, since
joining the Board of directors of BIF in 2004, Mr. Horejsi has gained
substantial board and closed-end investment company experience and, together
with the other Directors, has dealt skillfully with a broad range of complex
issues vis-à-vis the Fund and Affiliated Funds.
OFFICERS. The
names of the executive officers of the Fund are listed below. Each
officer was elected to office by the Board at a meeting held on February 9,
2009. Officers are elected annually and each officer will hold such
office until a successor has been elected by the Board.
Stephen C. Miller,
President. Age: 57. Mr. Miller is (and has been
since 2003) president of the Fund. He was a director from 2003 to
2004 and chief compliance officer from 2004 to 2007. He is also
president of and general counsel to BIA (since 1999); manager of Fund
Administrative Services, LLC (“FAS”) (since 1999); and vice president of SIA
(since 1999). Mr. Miller was a director of BIF from 2002 to 2004 and
is its current president (since 2002); a director of BTF from 1999 to 2004 and
is its current president (since 1999); and is DNY’s current president (since
2007). Mr. Miller practiced law in the Denver office of Kirkland
& Ellis from 1987 to 1992 and started a private practice in Boulder,
Colorado in 1992. Mr. Miller became in-house counsel to the Horejsi
Affiliates in 1998 and has served in a number of executive management capacities
for those affiliates. Mr. Miller maintains his law firm, Stephen C.
Miller, P.C., and “of counsel” status with the law firm of Krassa & Miller,
LLC. Mr. Miller holds a B.S. from the University of Georgia and a
J.D. from the University of Denver.
Carl D. Johns, Vice
President. Age: 47. Mr. Johns is (and has been
since 2003) the Fund’s chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, vice
president and treasurer. He is also vice president and treasurer of
BIA (since 1999); assistant manager of FAS (since 1999); and vice president,
treasurer, chief financial officer and chief accounting officer of each of the
Affiliated Funds: BIF since 2002, BTF since 1999 and DNY since
2007. Prior to his current positions with BIA, he spent seven years
with the firm of Flaherty & Crumrine, a registered investment adviser in
Pasadena, California, which managed preferred stock
portfolios. Mr. Johns holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and a
M.S. in Finance, both from the University of Colorado.
Joel L. Terwilliger, Chief
Compliance Officer. Age: 41. Mr.
Terwilliger is (and has been since 2007) the Fund’s chief compliance officer,
and associate general counsel since 2006. He is (and has been since
2007) the chief compliance officer for BIA, SIA, FAS and each of the Affiliated
Funds. Prior to his employment with FAS, Mr. Terwilliger was employed
from 2002 to 2006 as senior associate/legal counsel for Great West Life &
Annuity Insurance Company (“Great-West”) in Greenwood Village,
Colorado. At Great-West, Mr. Terwilliger served primarily as a
business and securities law attorney responsible for complex financial services
negotiations and contracts. Mr. Terwilliger holds a B.A., JD, and
LL.M. from the University of Georgia.
Stephanie J. Kelley,
Secretary. Age: 53. Ms. Kelley is (and has been
since 2003) the Fund’s Secretary. She also serves as secretary for
each of the Affiliated Funds: BIF since 2002, BTF since 2000 and DNY since
2007. Ms Kelley also serves as assistant secretary and assistant
treasurer of various other entities affiliated with the Horejsi family and has
been an employee of FAS since 1999. Ms. Kelley holds a B.A. and an
MBA from the State University of New York, Binghamton.
Nicole L. Murphey, Vice
President and Assistant Secretary. Age: 33. Ms.
Murphey is (and has been) vice president of the Fund since 2008, and assistant
secretary since 2003. She is also vice president (since 2008) of each
of the Affiliated Funds and assistant secretary for BTF since 2000, BIF since
2002 and DNY since 2007. She is also assistant treasurer of FAS and
has been an employee of FAS since 1999. Ms. Murphey holds a B.S. from
the University of Colorado.
Unless
otherwise specified, the Officers’ respective addresses are c/o First
Opportunity Fund, Inc., 2344 Spruce Street, Suite A, Boulder, Colorado
80302.
Set forth
in the following table are the nominees for election to the Board (all of whom
are current Directors of the Fund) together with the dollar range of equity
securities beneficially owned by each Director as of the Record
Date.
OWNERSHIP
OF SECURITIES OF THE FUND BY DIRECTORS
|
Independent
Directors and Nominees
|
Dollar
Range of Equity Securities in the Fund
|
Aggregate
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Funds in the Family of Investment
Companies
|
Joel
W. Looney
|
$50,001
to $100,000
|
Over
$100,000
|
Richard
I. Barr
|
$50,001
to $100,000
|
Over
$100,000
|
Dean
L. Jacobson
|
Up
to $10,000
|
$50,001
to $100,000
|
Interested
Directors and Nominees
|
|
|
Susan
L. Ciciora
|
Over
$100,000†
|
Over
$100,000†
|
John
S. Horejsi
|
Over
$100,000†
|
Over
$100,000†
|
† 10,204,415
Shares of the Fund are held collectively by the Horejsi Affiliates (defined
above). Accordingly, Ms. Ciciora and Mr. Horejsi may be deemed to have indirect
beneficial ownership of such Shares.
None of
the Independent Directors or their family members owned beneficially or of
record any securities of the New Advisers, Wellington Management or any person
directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with
the New Advisers or Wellington Management.
DIRECTOR AND OFFICER COMPENSATION.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the
compensation of the Fund’s Directors for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
No persons (other than the Independent Directors, as set forth below) currently
receive compensation from the Fund for acting as a Director or officer.
Directors and executive officers of the Fund do not receive pension or
retirement benefits from the Fund. Independent Directors receive reimbursement
for travel and other out of pocket expenses incurred in connection with
attending Board and committee meetings.
Independent
Directors
|
Aggregate
Compensation
from
the Fund Paid to Directors
|
Total
Compensation from the Fund and Fund Complex Paid to Directors†
|
Dean
L. Jacobson
|
$28,500
|
$100,000
|
Richard
I. Barr
|
$28,500
|
$104,000
|
Joel
W. Looney (Chairman)
|
$35,500
|
$121,000
|
Interested
Directors
|
|
|
Susan
L. Ciciora
|
$0
|
$0
|
John
S. Horejsi
|
$0
|
$0
|
† Includes the Fund, Boulder Growth
& Income Fund, Inc., Boulder Total Return Fund, Inc. and The Denali Fund
Inc.
Each
Director of the Fund who is not a director, officer, or employee of one of the
New Advisers, FAS, Wellington Management, or any of their affiliates, receives a
fee of $8,000 per annum plus $4,000 for each in person meeting of the Board of
Directors and $500 for each telephonic meeting of the Board. The Chairman of the
Board and the Chairman of the Audit Committee each receive an additional $1,000
per meeting and each member of the Audit Committee receives $500 per meeting.
The Board held ten meetings (six of which were held by telephone conference
call) during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. Each Director currently
serving in such capacity for the entire fiscal year attended at least 75% of the
meetings of Directors and any Committee of which he is a member. The aggregate
remuneration paid to the Directors of the Fund for acting as such during the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 amounted to $92,500.
COMMITTEES
OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AUDIT COMMITTEE; REPORT OF AUDIT
COMMITTEE. The purpose of
the Audit Committee is to assist in Board oversight of the integrity of the
Fund’s financial statements, the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory
requirements, the independent accountants’ qualifications and independence and
the performance of the Fund’s independent accountants. The Audit
Committee reviews the scope and results of the Fund's annual audit with the
Fund's independent accountants and recommends the engagement of such
accountants. Management, however, is responsible for the preparation,
presentation and integrity of the Fund’s financial statements, and the
independent accountants are responsible for planning and carrying out proper
audits and reviews. The Board of Directors adopted a written charter for the
Audit Committee on August 19, 2003 and most recently amended the joint Audit
Committee Charter on January 29, 2010 to reflect recent NYSE rule
changes. Subsequent minor amendments to the Audit Committee Charter
were adopted on February 2, 2009. A copy of the Audit Committee Charter is
available on the Fund’s website at www.firstopportunityfund.com.
The Audit
Committee is composed entirely of the Fund’s Independent Directors, consisting
of Dr. Jacobson and Messrs. Looney and Barr. The Board of Directors has
determined that Joel Looney qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,”
as defined under the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation S-K, Item
407(d). The Audit Committee is in compliance with applicable rules of the
listing requirements for closed-end fund audit committees, including the
requirement that all members of the audit committee be “financially literate”
and that at least one member of the audit committee have “accounting or related
financial management expertise,” as determined by the Board. The Audit Committee
is required to conduct its operations in accordance with applicable requirements
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the Fund’s independent publicly registered
accounting firm is required to comply with the rules and regulations promulgated
under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and by the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board. The members of the Audit Committee are subject to the
fiduciary duty to exercise reasonable care in carrying out their
duties. Each member of the Audit Committee is independent, as that
term is defined by the NYSE Listing Standards. The Audit Committee met three
times during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
In
connection with the audited financial statements as of and for the period ended
March 31, 2009 included in the Fund’s Annual Report for the period ended March
31, 2009 (the “Annual Report”), the Audit Committee considered and discussed the
audited financial statements with management and the independent accountants,
and discussed the audit of such financial statements with the independent
accountants.
The Audit
Committee has received the written disclosures and letter from the independent
accountants required by Independence Standards Board Standard No. 1 (Independence Discussions with Audit
Committees) and has discussed with independent accountants their
independence. The Audit Committee discussed with the independent
accountants the accounting principles applied by the Fund and such other matters
brought to the attention of the Audit Committee by the independent accountants
required by Statement of Auditing Standards No. 114, The Auditor’s Communication with
Those Charged With Governance, effective December 15, 2006..
On April
1, 2008 the Fund adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”)
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 (“FAS 157”). FAS 157 is
important in the context of helping the Fund define “fair value” for the
underlying securities or investments it holds. In addition, FAS 157 expands
disclosures about fair value measurements.
The
members of the Audit Committee are not professionally engaged in the practice of
auditing or accounting and are not employed by the Fund in any accounting,
financial management, or internal control capacity. Moreover, the Audit
Committee relies on and makes no independent verification of the facts presented
to it or representations made by management or the independent accountants.
Accordingly, the Audit Committee’s oversight does not provide an independent
basis to determine that management has maintained appropriate accounting and
financial reporting principles and policies, or internal controls and
procedures, designed to assure compliance with accounting standards and
applicable laws and regulations. Furthermore, the Audit Committee’s
considerations and discussions referred to above do not provide assurance that
the audit of the Fund’s financial statements has been carried out in accordance
with generally accepted accounting standards or that the financial statements
are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles.
Based on
its consideration of the audited financial statements and the discussions
referred to above with management and the independent accountants and subject to
the limitation on the responsibilities and role of the Audit Committee set forth
in the Audit Committee Charter and those discussed above, the Audit Committee of
the Fund recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be
included in the Fund’s Annual Report and be mailed to stockholders and filed
with the SEC.
Submitted
by the Audit Committee of the Fund’s Board of Directors: Joel W. Looney, Richard
I. Barr and Dean L. Jacobson
NOMINATING COMMITTEE. The Board of Directors has a
nominating committee (the “Nominating Committee”) composed of the Fund's
Independent Directors, consisting of Dr. Jacobson and Messrs. Looney and Barr,
which Nominating Committee is responsible for considering candidates for
election to the Board in the event a position is vacated or created. Each member
of the Nominating Committee is independent, as that term is defined by the NYSE
Listing Standards. The Nominating Committee met twice during the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. The Board of Directors has adopted a charter
for the Nominating Committee that is available on the Fund’s website at
www.firstopportunityfund.com.
The
Nominating Committee does not have a formal process for identifying
candidates. The Nominating Committee takes into consideration such
factors as it deems appropriate when nominating candidates. These
factors may include investment philosophy, judgment, skill, diversity,
experience with investment companies and other organizations of comparable
purpose, complexity, size and subject to similar legal restrictions and
oversight, the interplay of the candidate’s experience with the experience of
other Board members, and the extent to which the candidate would be a desirable
addition to the Board and any committees thereof. The
Nominating Committee will consider all qualified candidates in the same
manner. The Nominating Committee may modify its policies and
procedures for director nominees and recommendations in response to changes in
the Fund’s circumstances, and as applicable legal or listing standards
change.
Although
the Nominating Committee does not have a formal policy with regard to the
consideration of diversity in identifying director candidates, as a matter of
practice the Committee typically considers the overall diversity of the Board’s
composition when identifying candidates. Specifically, the Nominating
Committee considers the diversity of skill sets desired among the Board members
in light of the Fund’s characteristics and circumstances and how those skill
sets might complement each other. The Nominating Committee also takes
into account the personal background of current and prospective Board members in
considering the composition of the Board. In addition, as part of its
annual self-evaluation, the directors have an opportunity to consider the
diversity of the Board, both in terms of skill sets and personal background, and
any observations made by the Board during the self-evaluation assist the
Nominating Committee in its decision making process.
The
Nominating Committee will consider director candidates recommended by
stockholders (if a vacancy were to exist) and submitted in accordance with
applicable law and procedures as described in this Proxy Statement (see “Submission of
Stockholder Proposals” below). In reviewing such stockholder
director-nominees, the Nominating Committee may generally rely on the provisions
set forth in Nominating Committee charter and other information as deemed
necessary to adjudge the appropriateness and character of such
director-nominee(s). Such recommendations should be forwarded to the
Secretary of the Fund.
The Fund
does not have a compensation committee.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION CONCERNING OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS
COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE
BOARD. Stockholders who wish to send communications to the
Board should send them to the address of the Fund and to the attention of the
Board. All such communications will be directed to the Board’s
attention. The Fund does not have a formal policy regarding Board
member attendance at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders; however, all of the
Directors of the Fund, who were Directors at the time, attended the July 28,
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ROLE OF THE
BOARD. The Board provides oversight of the management and
operations of the Fund. Like all mutual funds, the day-to-day
responsibility for the management and operation of the Fund is the
responsibility of its various service providers, such as the advisers to the
Fund (the “Advisers”) and their portfolio managers, and the Fund’s
co-administrators, custodian and transfer agent. The Board has
appointed various senior individuals employed by certain of these service
providers as officers of the Fund, with responsibility to monitor and report to
the Board on the Fund’s operations. In conducting its oversight, the
Board is provided regular reports from the various officers and service
providers regarding the Fund’s operations. For example, the treasurer
provides reports as to financial reporting matters and portfolio managers report
on the performance of the Fund’s portfolios. The Board has appointed
a chief compliance officer who administers the Fund’s compliance program and
regularly reports to the Board as to compliance matters. Some of
these reports are provided as part of formal “Board Meetings” which typically
are held quarterly, in person, and involve the Board’s review of recent Fund
operations. From time to time one or more members of the Board may
also meet with management in less formal settings, between formal “Board
Meetings”, to discuss various topics. In all cases, however, the role
of the Board and of any individual Director is one of oversight and not of
management of the day-to-day affairs of the Fund.
BOARD LEADERSHIP
STRUCTURE. The Board has determined that its leadership
structure is appropriate given the business and nature of the
Fund. It has established four standing committees, the audit and
nominating committees (as described above) and a pricing committee and an
executive committee (together, the “Committees”). Sixty percent of
the members of the Board are Independent Directors, which are Directors not
affiliated with the Advisers or their affiliates, and each Committee is
comprised entirely of Independent Directors. The Board has determined
that the Committees help ensure that the Fund has effective and independent
governance and oversight. The Board also believes that the Committees
and leadership structure facilitate the orderly and efficient flow of
information to the Independent Directors from management, including the
Advisers. Where deemed appropriate, from time to time, the Board may
constitute ad hoc
committees.
The
Board’s chairman is an Independent Director who acts as the primary liaison
between the Independent Directors and management (the “Independent
Chairman”). The Independent Chairman play an important role in
setting the Board meeting agendas and may help identify matters of special
interest to be addressed by management with the Board. The
Independent Chairman also serves as chairman of the executive committee, which
is comprised of all of the Independent Directors (the “Executive
Committee”). The Executive Committee meets regularly, providing a
forum for the Independent Directors to meet in separate session, with or without
independent counsel, to deliberate on matters relevant to the
Fund. The Independent Directors have also engaged their own
independent counsel to advise them on matters relating to their responsibilities
in connection with the Fund. The Board reviews its structure
annually. The Board has determined that the structure of the
Independent Chairman and the function and composition of the Committees are
appropriate means to address any potential conflicts of interest that may
arise.
BOARD OVERSIGHT OF RISK
MANAGEMENT. As an integral part of its responsibility for
oversight of the Fund in the interests of stockholders, the Board oversees risk
management of the Fund’s investment programs and business
affairs. The Board has emphasized to management and the Advisers the
importance of maintaining vigorous risk management policies and
procedures. Oversight of the risk management process is part of the
Board’s general oversight of the Fund and its service providers. The
Board exercises oversight of the risk management process primarily through the
Audit Committee and Executive Committee, and through oversight by the Board
itself.
As part
of its oversight function, the Board receives various reports relating to risk
management. The Fund faces a number of risks, such as investment
risk, counterparty risk, valuation risk, reputational risk, risk of operational
failure or lack of business continuity, and legal, compliance and regulatory
risks. The process of “risk management” seeks to identify and address
“risks”, that is, events or circumstances that could have material adverse
effects on the business, operations, stockholder services, investment
performance or reputation of the Fund. Under the Board’s overarching
supervision, the Fund, management, Advisers, FAS and other service providers to
the Fund employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify
various risks, to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate
the effects of such events or circumstances if they do
occur. Different processes, procedures and controls are employed by
different service providers and with respect to different types of
risks. Various personnel, including the Fund’s CCO as well as various
personnel of the Advisers and other service providers such as the Funds’
independent accountants, make periodic reports to the Board and appropriate
Committees with respect to various aspects of risk management, as well as events
and circumstances that have arisen and responses thereto. For
example, the audit committee meets regularly with the CCO to discuss compliance
and operational risks and with the Fund’s treasurer and independent public
accounting firm to discuss, among other things, the internal control structure
of the Fund’s financial reporting function. In addition, the full
Board regularly receives reports from the Advisers and their portfolio managers
as to investment risks. The Board recognizes that not all risks that
may affect the Fund can be identified, that it may not be practical or
cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary
to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s
goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address
certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover,
reports received by the Directors as to risk management matters are typically
summaries of the relevant information. As a result of the foregoing
and other factors, the function of the Board with respect to risk management is
one of oversight not active involvement in, or coordination of, day-to-day risk
management activities for the Fund.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
None of the Directors or executive officers of the Fund have
been involved in any of the following events during the past ten
years:
°
|
Any
bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person
was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the
bankruptcy or within two years prior to that
time;
|
°
|
Any
conviction in a criminal proceeding or being subject to a pending criminal
proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor
offenses);
|
°
|
Any
judicial or administrative proceedings resulting from involvement in mail
or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business
entity;
|
°
|
Any
judicial or administrative proceedings based on violations of federal or
state securities, commodities, banking or insurance laws and regulation
(including any settlement of such actions other than in connection with a
civil proceeding among private
parties);
|
°
|
Any
disciplinary sanctions or orders imposed by a stock, commodities or
derivatives exchange or other self-regulatory
organizations;
|
°
|
Subject
to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or
vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or
temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his
involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities;
or
|
Found by
a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity
Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or
commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or
vacated.
Required Vote. The election of each of
Messrs. Looney, Barr and Horejsi, Dr. Jacobson and Ms. Ciciora as Directors of
the Fund will require the affirmative vote of a plurality of the votes cast by
holders of the Common Stock at the Meeting in person or by proxy.
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF ALL THE
NOMINEES.
SUBMISSION
OF STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
Notice is
hereby given that for a stockholder proposal to be considered for inclusion in
the Fund’s proxy material relating to its 2011 annual meeting of stockholders,
the stockholder proposal must be addressed to, and received by, the Fund not
later than December 6, 2010 (i.e., 120 days before the release date
disclosed in the previous year’s proxy statement). Any such proposal
shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the
meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the
meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, (ii) the
name and address, as they appear on the Fund’s books, of the stockholder
proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the capital
stock of the Fund which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, and (iv) any
material interest of the stockholder in such business. Stockholder proposals,
including any accompanying supporting statement, may not exceed 500 words. A
stockholder desiring to submit a proposal must be a record or beneficial owner
of Shares with a market value of at least $2,000 and must have held such Shares
for at least one year. Further, the stockholder must continue to hold
such Shares through the date on which the meeting is
held. Documentary support regarding the foregoing must be provided
along with the proposal. Joint proposals to more than one fund are not
permissible; stockholders may not submit one proposal (plus the required
additional documentation) for more than one fund. There are additional
requirements regarding proposals of stockholders, and a stockholder
contemplating submission of a proposal is referred to Rule 14a-8 promulgated
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). The
timely submission of a proposal does not guarantee its inclusion in the Fund’s
proxy materials.
Pursuant
to the Fund’s Bylaws, at any annual meeting of the stockholders, only business
that has been properly brought before the meeting will be conducted. To be
properly brought before the annual meeting, the business must be (i) specified
in the notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors,
or (iii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder.
For business to be properly brought before the annual meeting by a stockholder,
the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the
Secretary of the Fund. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received by
the Secretary at 2344 Spruce Street, Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80302 by 5:00
P.M. Mountain Time not earlier than the 150th day
and not later than the 120th day
prior to the first anniversary of the date of public release of the notice for
the preceding year’s annual meeting. However, if the date of the annual meeting
is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the
date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, for notice by the stockholder to be
timely, it must be received by the Secretary not later than 5:00 P.M. Mountain
Time on the later of the 120th day
prior to the date of such annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on
which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. The public
announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting shall not
commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described
above.
Pursuant
to the Fund’s Bylaws, such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (i) as to each
individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection
as a director, (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of such
individual, (B) the class, series and number of any shares of stock of the Fund
that are beneficially owned by such individual, (C) the date such shares were
acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, (D) whether such
stockholder believes any such individual is, or is not, an “interested person”
of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act and information regarding such
individual that is sufficient, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or
any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Fund, to make such
determination, (E) the extent to which such individual (including such
individual’s principals) has entered into any hedging transaction or arrangement
with the effect or intent of mitigating or otherwise managing profit, loss or
risk of changes in the value of the common stock or the daily quoted market
price of the Fund held by such individual (including such individual’s
principals), or increasing or decreasing the voting power of such individual
(including such individual’s principals), including independently verifiably
information in support of the foregoing, (F) the investment strategy or
objective – including any related disclosure documents or other independently
verifiable information in support of the foregoing – for such individual
(including such individual’s principals), and (G) all other information relating
to such individual that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies
for election of directors in an election contest (even if an election contest is
not involved), or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A
(or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder
(including such individual’s written consent to being named in the proxy
statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected); (ii) as to any
other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a
description of such business, the reasons for proposing such business at the
meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and any
Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the
aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder and the
Stockholder Associated Person therefrom; (iii) as to the stockholder giving the
notice and any Stockholder Associated Person, the class, series and number of
all shares of stock of the Fund which are owned by such stockholder and by such
Stockholder Associated Person, if any, and the nominee holder for, and number
of, shares owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder and by any
such Stockholder Associated Person; (iv) as to the stockholder giving the notice
and any Stockholder Associated Person covered by the immediately preceding
clauses (ii) or (iii), the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear
on the Fund’s stock ledger and current name and address, if different, and of
such Stockholder Associated Person; and (v) to the extent known by the
stockholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other stockholder
supporting the nominee for election or reelection as a director or the proposal
of other business on the date of such stockholder’s notice. “Stockholder
Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person controlling,
directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (ii) any
beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Fund owned of record or beneficially
by such stockholder and (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under
common control with such Stockholder Associated Person. Stockholders may not
submit more than one notice (plus the required additional documentation) for
more than one Fund.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
INDEPENDENT
ACCOUNTANTS. At its regularly scheduled Board meeting
held on April 24, 2009, the Audit Committee of the Board, consisting of those
Directors who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the
Fund, selected, and the Board ratified, the selection of Deloitte & Touche
LLP (“Deloitte”) of Denver, Colorado as the Fund’s independent registered public
accounting firm for the Fund’s fiscal year ending March 31,
2010. Deloitte served as independent accountants for the Fund’s
fiscal years ending March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009.
In
addition to performing independent audit services for the Fund, Deloitte also
performs certain non-audit related services, i.e., tax, and consulting, on
behalf of the Fund’s adviser, Wellington Management Company, L.P. (the
“investment adviser”). Under the Sarbanes-Oxley rules, as adopted by the SEC,
and under the Audit Committee Charter, the Audit Committee must pre-approve all
non-audit services to be provided by the auditors to the Fund, and all non-audit
services to be provided by the auditors to the Fund's investment adviser and any
service providers controlling, controlled by or under common control with the
Fund's investment adviser (“adviser affiliates”) that provide on-going services
to the Fund, if the engagement relates directly to the operations and financial
reporting of the Fund, or must establish detailed pre-approval policies and
procedures for such services in accordance with applicable laws. The Audit
Committee has reviewed the non-audit services to be provided by Deloitte to the
investment adviser (no such services are provided to the Fund) and has
pre-approved the provision of those services. Accordingly, all of the audit,
audit-related, non-audit, and tax services described below for which Deloitte
billed the Fund fees for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2008 and March 31,
2009, were either pre-approved by the Audit Committee or were for services that
were unrelated to the direct operations and/or financial reporting of the Fund.
Deloitte has informed the Fund that it has no direct or indirect financial
interest in the Fund.
A
representative of Deloitte will not be present at the Meeting but will be
available by telephone and will have an opportunity to make a statement if the
representative so desires and will be available to respond to appropriate
questions.
Set forth
below are audit fees and non-audit related fees billed to the Fund for
professional services received from Deloitte for the Fund’s fiscal years ended
March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009.
Fiscal
Year Ended
|
Audit
Fees
|
Audit-Related
Fees
|
Tax
Fees*
|
All
Other Fees
|
3/31/2008
|
$29,000
|
$
-
|
$6,875
|
$
-
|
3/31/2009
|
$29,000
|
$
-
|
$7,250
|
$
-
|
* “Tax
Fees” are those fees billed to the Fund by Deloitte in connection with tax
consulting services, including primarily the review of the Fund's income tax
returns and excise tax calculations.
SECTION 16(A) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP
REPORTING COMPLIANCE. Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act and Section 30(h)
of the 1940 Act require the Fund's Directors and officers, persons affiliated
with the Fund’s investment advisers, and persons who own more than 10% of a
registered class of the Fund's securities, to file reports of ownership and
changes of ownership with the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange. Directors,
officers and greater-than-10% stockholders are required by SEC regulations to
furnish the Fund with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely
upon the Fund's review of the copies of such forms it receives and written
representations from such persons, the Fund believes that through the date
hereof all such filing requirements applicable to such persons were complied
with.
BROKER NON-VOTES AND
ABSTENTIONS. A proxy for shares held by brokers or nominees as
to which (i) instructions have not been received from the beneficial owners or
the persons entitled to vote and (ii) the broker or nominee does not have
discretionary voting power on a particular matter, is a broker “non-vote”.
Proxies that reflect abstentions or broker non-votes (collectively
“abstentions”) will be counted as shares that are present and entitled to vote
on the matter for purposes of determining the presence of a
quorum. Accordingly, abstentions and broker non-votes effectively
will be a vote against adjournment and against Proposals 1 through
7.
OTHER MATTERS TO COME BEFORE THE
MEETING. The Fund does not intend to present any other business at the
Meeting, nor is it aware that any stockholder intends to do so. If, however, any
other matters are properly brought before the Meeting, the persons named in the
accompanying form of proxy will vote thereon in accordance with their
discretion.
IT
IS IMPORTANT THAT PROXIES BE RETURNED PROMPTLY EVEN IF YOU PLAN TO ATTEND THE
MEETING. STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO SIGN THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD (UNLESS
AUTHORIZING THEIR PROXY VIA TOUCH-TONE TELEPHONE OR THROUGH THE INTERNET) AND
MAIL IT IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE SO AS TO ENSURE A QUORUM AT THE
MEETING. THIS IS IMPORTANT WHETHER YOU OWN FEW OR MANY
SHARES. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PROPER EXECUTION OF PROXIES ARE SET
FORTH ON THE INSIDE COVER.
EXHIBIT
A-1
PROPOSED
INVESTMENT CO-ADVISORY AGREEMENT WITH RMA
DRAFT
INVESTMENT
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS INVESTMENT ADVISORY
AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") is made as of the
____ day of ____________, 2010, by and among ROCKY MOUNTAIN ADVISERS, L.L.C., an
Alaska limited liability company (the "Adviser") and FIRST
OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund").
1. Investment
Description; Appointment. The Fund desires to employ its
capital by investing and reinvesting in investments of the kind and in such
manner and to such extent as may from time to time be approved by the Board of
Directors of the Fund (the "Board"). The Fund
desires to employ and hereby appoints the Adviser to act as investment adviser
to the Fund. Adviser hereby accepts the appointment and agrees to
furnish the services described herein for the compensation set forth
below.
2. Services
as Investment Adviser. Subject to the supervision and
direction of the Board, the Adviser will (a) act in accordance with the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act") and the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940, as the same may be from time to time amended, (b) manage
the Fund's portfolio on a discretionary basis in accordance with its investment
objectives and policies, (c) make investment decisions and exercise voting
rights in respect of portfolio securities for the Fund, (d) place purchase and
sale orders on behalf of the Fund, (e) employ, at its own expense, professional
portfolio managers and securities analysts to provide research services to the
Fund, (f) determine the portion of the Fund's assets to be invested, from time
to time, in various asset classes (e.g., common stocks, fixed income securities,
cash equivalents), (g) determine the portion of the Fund's assets to be
leveraged, from time to time, and the form that such leverage will take,
and (h) monitor and evaluate the services provided by the Fund's
investment sub-adviser(s), if any, under the terms of the applicable investment
sub-advisory agreement(s). In providing these services, the Adviser
will provide investment research and supervision of the Fund's portfolio and, if
appropriate, sale and reinvestment of the Fund's assets. In addition,
the Adviser will furnish the Fund with whatever statistical information the Fund
may reasonably request with respect to the securities that the Fund may hold or
contemplate purchasing.
3. Co-Advisor
to the Fund. Subject to the approval of the Board and where required, the
Fund's stockholders, the Fund will engage an investment co-adviser, Stewart
Investment Advisers, a Barbados international business company and registered
investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, in respect of all
or a portion of the Fund's assets (the "Co-Adviser"). The
Adviser and the Co-Adviser will be jointly responsible for providing the
services described in subparagraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) in Paragraph
2 above and Paragraphs 5 and 6 below (Brokerage and Information Provided to
Fund, respectively) with respect to the Fund's assets, although the Adviser will
have primary responsibility for all record-keeping and day-to-day business
activities relating to the investment operations of the Fund. In the
event that the Co-Adviser's engagement is terminated, the Adviser shall be
responsible for furnishing the Fund with the services theretofore performed by
such Co-Adviser under the applicable investment advisory agreement or arranging
for a successor co-adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, to provide such
services under terms and conditions acceptable to the Fund and the Board and
subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.
4. Engagement
of Sub-Advisers to the Fund. Subject to the approval of the
Board and where required, the Fund's stockholders, the Adviser may engage an
investment sub-adviser or sub-advisers to provide advisory services in respect
of all or a portion of the Fund's assets (the "Sub-Advised Portion") and may
delegate to such investment sub-adviser(s) all or a portion of the
responsibilities described in subparagraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) in
Paragraph 2 above and Paragraph 6 below (Information Provided to Fund) with
respect to the Sub-Advised Portion. In the event that an
investment sub-adviser's engagement has been terminated, the Adviser shall be
responsible for furnishing the Fund with the services required to be performed
by such investment sub-adviser(s) under the applicable investment sub-advisory
agreements or arranging for a successor co-adviser or sub-adviser, as the case
may be, to provide such services under terms and conditions acceptable to the
Fund and the Board and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.
5. Brokerage. In
executing transactions for the Fund and selecting brokers or dealers, the
Adviser will use its best efforts to seek the best overall terms
available. In assessing the best overall terms available for any Fund
transaction, the Adviser will consider all factors it deems
relevant including, but not limited to, breadth of the market in the
security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution
capability of the broker or dealer and the reasonableness of any commission for
the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. In selecting
brokers or dealers to execute any transaction and in evaluating the best overall
terms available, the Adviser may consider the brokerage and research services
(as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934) provided to the Fund and/or other accounts over which the Adviser or any
affiliate exercises investment discretion.
6. Information
Provided to the Fund. The Adviser will use its best efforts to
keep the Fund informed of developments materially affecting the Fund, and will,
on its own initiative, furnish the Fund from time to time with whatever
information the Adviser believes is appropriate for this purpose.
7. Standard
of Care. The Adviser shall exercise its best judgment in
rendering the services described herein. The Adviser shall not be
liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or omission or any loss
suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which this Agreement
relates, provided that nothing herein shall be deemed to protect or purport to
protect the Adviser against any liability to the Fund to which the Adviser would
otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence
on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of
its obligations and duties under this Agreement ("Disabling
Conduct"). The Fund will indemnify the Adviser against, and
hold it harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses), including any amounts
paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties, not
resulting from Disabling Conduct by the Adviser. Indemnification
shall be made only following (i) a final decision on the merits by a court or
other body before whom the proceeding was brought that the Adviser was not
liable by reason of Disabling Conduct, or (ii) in the absence of such a
decision, a reasonable determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the
Adviser was not liable by reason of Disabling Conduct by (a) the vote of a
majority of the Directors of the Fund who are neither "interested persons" of
the Fund nor parties to the proceeding ("disinterested non-party Directors"), or
(b) independent legal counsel in a written opinion. The Adviser shall
be entitled to advances from the Fund for payment of the reasonable expenses
incurred by it in connection with the matter to which it is seeking
indemnification in the manner and to the fullest extent permissible under the
law. The Adviser shall provide to the Fund a written affirmation of
its good faith belief that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification
by the Fund has been met and a written undertaking to repay any such advance if
it should ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct has not been
met. In addition, at least one of the following additional conditions
shall be met: (a) the Adviser shall provide a security in form and amount
acceptable to the Fund for its undertaking; (b) the Fund is insured against
losses arising by reason of the advance; or (c) a majority of disinterested
non-party Directors, or independent legal counsel, in a written opinion, shall
have determined, based on a review of facts readily available to the Fund at the
time the advance is proposed to be made, that there is reason to believe that
the Adviser will ultimately be found to be entitled to
indemnification.
8. Compensation. In
consideration of the services rendered pursuant to this Agreement, the Fund will
pay the Adviser the Advisory Fee (as defined in the Fee Schedule) such amount to
be paid monthly, in the amount set forth in the fee schedule attached hereto
as Exhibit
A (the "Fee Schedule"). The
Advisory Fee shall be the aggregate and entirety of all advisory fees to be paid
by the Fund and will be divided between the Adviser and the Co-Adviser as set
forth in the Fee Schedule, which fee allocation may be adjusted from time to
time in the discretion of the Board so long as the aggregate advisory fee does
not exceed the Advisory Fee. The fee payable to Adviser for any
period shorter than a full calendar month shall be prorated according to the
proportion that such payment bears to the full monthly payment.
9. Expenses. Except
as indicated below, the Adviser will bear all expenses in connection with the
performance of its services under this Agreement, including the fees payable to
the Co-Adviser and to any investment sub-adviser engaged pursuant to Paragraphs
3 or 4 of this Agreement. The Fund will bear certain other expenses
to be incurred in its operation, including organizational expenses, taxes,
interest, brokerage costs and commissions and stock exchange fees; fees of
Directors of the Fund who are not also officers, directors or the employees of
Adviser; Securities and Exchange Commission fees; state Blue Sky qualification
fees; charges of any custodian, any sub-custodians and transfer and
dividend-paying agents; insurance premiums; outside auditing and legal expenses;
costs of maintenance of the Fund's existence; membership fees in trade
associations; stock exchange listing fees and expenses; litigation and other
extraordinary or non-recurring expenses.
10. Services
to other Companies or Accounts. The Fund understands that the
Adviser now acts, or may act in the future as an investment adviser to fiduciary
and other managed accounts or other trusts, or as investment adviser to one or
more other registered or unregistered investment companies, and the Fund has no
objection to the Adviser so acting. The Fund understands that the
persons employed by Adviser to assist in the performance of the Adviser's duties
hereunder will not devote their full time to such service and nothing contained
herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict the right of the Adviser or any
affiliate of the Adviser to engage in and devote time and attention to other
businesses or to render services of whatever kind or nature.
11. Term of
Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as of the
date it is approved by a vote of a "majority" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of
the Fund's outstanding voting securities (the "Effective Date") and shall
continue for an initial two-year term and shall remain in effect from year to
year so long as such continuance is specifically approved by (a) a majority of
the Directors who are not "interested persons" of the Fund (as defined in the
1940 Act) and a majority of the full Board or (b) a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act). This
Agreement is terminable by a party hereto, by the Board or by the vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, on sixty (60) days'
written notice to the respective party. Any termination shall be
without penalty and any notice of termination shall be deemed given when
received by the addressee.
12. No
Assignment. This Agreement may not be transferred, assigned,
sold or in any manner hypothecated or pledged by any party hereto and will
terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940
Act). It may be amended by mutual agreement, in writing, by the
parties hereto.
13. Entire
Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement
between the parties hereto.
14. Governing
Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and
enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Colorado.
15. Counterparts. This
Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an
original for all purposes, and together shall constitute one and the same
Agreement.
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as
of the date first above written.
ADVISER:
ROCKY MOUNTAIN ADVISERS, LLC,
an Alaska limited liability company
By:
________________________________
Carl D.
Johns
Its:
Vice President
FUND:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.,
a Maryland corporation
By:
________________________________
Stephen
C. Miller
Its: President
Exhibit
A
FEE
SCHEDULE
The Fund
shall pay the Adviser and Co-Adviser after the end of each calendar month an
aggregate fee for the previous month computed at the annual rate of 1.25% of the
value of the Fund's average monthly net assets plus leverage (the "Advisory Fee"); provided that Adviser
and Co-Adviser shall waive (i) that portion of the Advisory Fee equal to up to
1.00% of the Fund’s assets invested in any hedge fund managed by Wellington
Hedge Management, LLC (a “WHM
Hedge Fund”) to offset any asset-based fees (but not any
performance-based fees) paid to Wellington Hedge Management, LLC with respect to
the Fund’s assets invested in any WHM Hedge Fund, and (ii) all fees paid to
Wellington Management, LLP (“Wellington Management”) under
its sub-advisory agreement with the Fund.
For
purposes of calculating the Advisory Fee, the Fund's average monthly net assets
will be deemed to be the average monthly value of the Fund's total assets minus
the sum of the Fund's liabilities (excluding leverage borrowings such as bank or
institutional borrowings, preferred stock, bonds, debentures, etc.) and accrued
dividends.
Fee Allocation Between
Adviser and Co-Adviser
The Advisory Fee shall be allocated
among Rocky Mountain Advisers and Stewart Investment Advisers in the proportion
of 25% and 75% respectively. Such allocation may be adjusted from
time to time by Board action alone so long as the Advisory Fee is not
increased.
EXHIBIT
A-2
PROPOSED
INVESTMENT CO-ADVISORY AGREEMENT WITH SIA
DRAFT
INVESTMENT
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS INVESTMENT ADVISORY
AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") is made as of the
______ day of ___________, 2010, by and among STEWART INVESTMENT ADVISERS, a
Barbados international business company (the "Adviser") and FIRST
OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund").
1. Investment
Description; Appointment. The Fund desires to employ its
capital by investing and reinvesting in investments of the kind and in such
manner and to such extent as may from time to time be approved by the Board of
Directors of the Fund (the "Board"). The Fund
desires to employ and hereby appoints the Adviser to act as investment adviser
to the Fund. Adviser hereby accepts the appointment and agrees to
furnish the services described herein for the compensation set forth
below.
2. Services
as Investment Adviser. Subject to the supervision and
direction of the Board, the Adviser will (a) act in accordance with the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act") and the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940, as the same may be from time to time amended, (b) manage
the Fund's portfolio on a discretionary basis in accordance with its investment
objectives and policies, (c) make investment decisions and exercise voting
rights in respect of portfolio securities for the Fund, (d) place purchase and
sale orders on behalf of the Fund, (e) employ, at its own expense, professional
portfolio managers and securities analysts to provide research services to the
Fund, (f) determine the portion of the Fund's assets to be invested, from time
to time, in various asset classes (e.g., common stocks, fixed income securities,
cash equivalents), (g) determine the portion of the Fund's assets to be
leveraged, from time to time, and the form that such leverage will take,
and (h) monitor and evaluate the services provided by the Fund's
investment sub-adviser(s), if any, under the terms of the applicable investment
sub-advisory agreement(s). In providing these services, the Adviser
will provide investment research and supervision of the Fund's portfolio and, if
appropriate, sale and reinvestment of the Fund's assets. In addition,
the Adviser will furnish the Fund with whatever statistical information the Fund
may reasonably request with respect to the securities that the Fund may hold or
contemplate purchasing.
3. Co-Advisor
to the Fund. Subject to the approval of the Board and where required, the
Fund's stockholders, the Fund will engage an investment co-adviser, Rocky
Mountain Advisers, L.L.C., an Alaska limited liability company and
registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, in
respect of all or a portion of the Fund's assets (the "Co-Adviser"). The
Adviser and the Co-Adviser will be jointly responsible for providing the
services described in subparagraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) in Paragraph
2 above and Paragraphs 5 and 6 below (Brokerage and Information Provided to
Fund, respectively) with respect to the Fund's assets, although the Adviser will
have primary responsibility for all record-keeping and day-to-day business
activities relating to the investment operations of the Fund. In the
event that the Co-Adviser's engagement is terminated, the Adviser shall be
responsible for furnishing the Fund with the services theretofore performed by
such Co-Adviser under the applicable investment advisory agreement or arranging
for a successor co-adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, to provide such
services under terms and conditions acceptable to the Fund and the Board and
subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.
4. Engagement
of Sub-Advisers to the Fund. Subject to the approval of the
Board and where required, the Fund's stockholders, the Adviser may engage an
investment sub-adviser or sub-advisers to provide advisory services in respect
of all or a portion of the Fund's assets (the "Sub-Advised Portion") and may
delegate to such investment sub-adviser(s) all or a portion of the
responsibilities described in subparagraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) in
Paragraph 2 above and Paragraph 6 below (Information Provided to Fund) with
respect to the Sub-Advised Portion. In the event that an
investment sub-adviser's engagement has been terminated, the Adviser shall be
responsible for furnishing the Fund with the services required to be performed
by such investment sub-adviser(s) under the applicable investment sub-advisory
agreements or arranging for a successor co-adviser or sub-adviser, as the case
may be, to provide such services under terms and conditions acceptable to the
Fund and the Board and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.
5. Brokerage. In
executing transactions for the Fund and selecting brokers or dealers, the
Adviser will use its best efforts to seek the best overall terms
available. In assessing the best overall terms available for any Fund
transaction, the Adviser will consider all factors it deems
relevant including, but not limited to, breadth of the market in the
security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution
capability of the broker or dealer and the reasonableness of any commission for
the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. In selecting
brokers or dealers to execute any transaction and in evaluating the best overall
terms available, the Adviser may consider the brokerage and research services
(as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934) provided to the Fund and/or other accounts over which the Adviser or any
affiliate exercises investment discretion.
6. Information
Provided to the Fund. The Adviser will use its best efforts to
keep the Fund informed of developments materially affecting the Fund, and will,
on its own initiative, furnish the Fund from time to time with whatever
information the Adviser believes is appropriate for this purpose.
7. Standard
of Care. The Adviser shall exercise its best judgment in
rendering the services described herein. The Adviser shall not be
liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or omission or any loss
suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which this Agreement
relates, provided that nothing herein shall be deemed to protect or purport to
protect the Adviser against any liability to the Fund to which the Adviser would
otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross
negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless
disregard by it of its obligations and duties under this Agreement ("Disabling
Conduct"). The Fund will indemnify the Adviser against, and
hold it harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses), including any amounts
paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties, not
resulting from Disabling Conduct by the Adviser. Indemnification
shall be made only following (i) a final decision on the merits by a court or
other body before whom the proceeding was brought that the Adviser was not
liable by reason of Disabling Conduct, or (ii) in the absence of such a
decision, a reasonable determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the
Adviser was not liable by reason of Disabling Conduct by (a) the vote of a
majority of the Directors of the Fund who are neither "interested persons" of
the Fund nor parties to the proceeding ("disinterested non-party Directors"), or
(b) independent legal counsel in a written opinion. The Adviser shall
be entitled to advances from the Fund for payment of the reasonable expenses
incurred by it in connection with the matter to which it is seeking
indemnification in the manner and to the fullest extent permissible under the
law. The Adviser shall provide to the Fund a written affirmation of
its good faith belief that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification
by the Fund has been met and a written undertaking to repay any such advance if
it should ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct has not been
met. In addition, at least one of the following additional conditions
shall be met: (a) the Adviser shall provide a security in form and amount
acceptable to the Fund for its undertaking; (b) the Fund is insured against
losses arising by reason of the advance; or (c) a majority of disinterested
non-party Directors, or independent legal counsel, in a written opinion, shall
have determined, based on a review of facts readily available to the Fund at the
time the advance is proposed to be made, that there is reason to believe that
the Adviser will ultimately be found to be entitled to
indemnification.
8. Compensation. In
consideration of the services rendered pursuant to this Agreement, the Fund will
pay the Adviser the Advisory Fee (as defined in the Fee Schedule) such amount to
be paid monthly, in the amount set forth in the fee schedule attached hereto
as Exhibit
A (the "Fee Schedule"). The
Advisory Fee shall be the aggregate and entirety of all advisory fees to be paid
by the Fund and will be divided between the Adviser and the Co-Adviser as set
forth in the Fee Schedule, which fee allocation may be adjusted from time to
time in the discretion of the Board so long as the aggregate advisory fee does
not exceed the Advisory Fee. The fee payable to Adviser for any
period shorter than a full calendar month shall be prorated according to the
proportion that such payment bears to the full monthly payment.
9. Expenses. Except
as indicated below, the Adviser will bear all expenses in connection with the
performance of its services under this Agreement, including the fees payable to
the Co-Adviser and to any investment sub-adviser engaged pursuant to Paragraphs
3 or 4 of this Agreement. The Fund will bear certain other expenses
to be incurred in its operation, including organizational expenses, taxes,
interest, brokerage costs and commissions and stock exchange fees; fees of
Directors of the Fund who are not also officers, directors or the employees of
Adviser; Securities and Exchange Commission fees; state Blue Sky qualification
fees; charges of any custodian, any sub-custodians and transfer and
dividend-paying agents; insurance premiums; outside auditing and legal expenses;
costs of maintenance of the Fund's existence; membership fees in trade
associations; stock exchange listing fees and expenses; litigation and other
extraordinary or non-recurring expenses.
10. Services
to other Companies or Accounts. The Fund understands that the
Adviser now acts, or may act in the future as an investment adviser to fiduciary
and other managed accounts or other trusts, or as investment adviser to one or
more other registered or unregistered investment companies, and the Fund has no
objection to the Adviser so acting. The Fund understands that the
persons employed by Adviser to assist in the performance of the Adviser's duties
hereunder will not devote their full time to such service and nothing contained
herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict the right of the Adviser or any
affiliate of the Adviser to engage in and devote time and attention to other
businesses or to render services of whatever kind or nature.
11. Term of
Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as of the
date it is approved by a vote of a "majority" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of
the Fund's outstanding voting securities (the "Effective Date") and shall
continue for an initial two-year term and shall remain in effect from year to
year so long as such continuance is specifically approved by (a) a majority of
the Directors who are not "interested persons" of the Fund (as defined in the
1940 Act) and a majority of the full Board or (b) a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act). This
Agreement is terminable by a party hereto, by the Board or by the vote of a
majority of the outstanding securities of the Fund, on sixty (60) days' written
notice to the respective party. Any termination shall be without
penalty and any notice of termination shall be deemed given when received by the
addressee.
12. No
Assignment. This Agreement may not be transferred, assigned,
sold or in any manner hypothecated or pledged by any party hereto and will
terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940
Act). It may be amended by mutual agreement, in writing, by the
parties hereto.
13. Entire
Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement
between the parties hereto.
14. Governing
Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and
enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Colorado.
15. Counterparts. This
Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an
original for all purposes, and together shall constitute one and the same
Agreement.
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as
of the date first above written.
ADVISER:
STEWART INVESTMENT ADVISERS, a
Barbados international business company
By:
________________________________
Glade L. Christensen
Its:
President
FUND:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.,
a Maryland corporation
By:
________________________________
Stephen
C. Miller
Its: President
Exhibit
A
FEE
SCHEDULE
The Fund
shall pay the Adviser and Co-Adviser after the end of each calendar month an
aggregate fee for the previous month computed at the annual rate of 1.25% of the
value of the Fund's average monthly net assets plus leverage (the "Advisory Fee"); provided that Adviser
and Co-Adviser shall waive (i) that portion of the Advisory Fee equal to up to
1.00% of the Fund’s assets invested in any hedge fund managed by Wellington
Hedge Management, LLC (a “WHM
Hedge Fund”) to offset any asset-based fees (but not any
performance-based fees) paid to Wellington Hedge Management, LLC with respect to
the Fund’s assets invested in any WHM Hedge Fund, and (ii) all fees paid to
Wellington Management, LLP (“Wellington Management”) under
its sub-advisory agreement with the Fund.
For
purposes of calculating the Advisory Fee, the Fund's average monthly net assets
will be deemed to be the average monthly value of the Fund's total assets minus
the sum of the Fund's liabilities (excluding leverage borrowings such as bank or
institutional borrowings, preferred stock, bonds, debentures, etc.) and accrued
dividends.
Fee Allocation Between
Adviser and Co-Adviser
The Advisory Fee shall be allocated
among Rocky Mountain Advisers and Stewart Investment Advisers in the proportion
of 25% and 75% respectively. Such allocation may be adjusted from
time to time by Board action alone so long as the Advisory Fee is not
increased.
EXHIBIT
B
PROPOSED
SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT WITH WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT
DRAFT
INVESTMENT
SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT
THIS INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY
AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") is made as of the
_____ day of ___________, 2010, by and among ROCKY MOUNTAIN ADVISERS, LLC, an
Alaska limited liability company, STEWART INVESTMENT ADVISERS, a Barbados
international business corporation (collectively, the "Advisers"); WELLINGTON
MANAGEMENT COMPANY LLP, a Massachusetts limited liability partnership (the
"Sub-Adviser"); and
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC. a Maryland corporation (the "Fund").
1. Investment
Description; Appointment. The Advisers have been authorized by
the Board of Directors of the Fund to engage Sub-Adviser to assist in the
management of the Fund's assets. The Advisers desire to employ and
hereby appoint the Sub-Adviser to act as investment sub-adviser with respect to
the portion of the Fund's assets allocated to it for management by the Advisers
as of the effective date of this Agreement for a period of no longer than two
years (the "Designated
Securities"). The Designated Securities are more fully
described in “Exhibit A” attached hereto. Sub-Adviser hereby accepts
the appointment and agrees to furnish the services described herein for the
compensation set forth below.
2. Services
as Sub-Adviser. Subject to the supervision and direction of
Advisers, the Sub-Adviser will act in accordance with the Investment Company Act
of 1940 (the "1940 Act")
and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as the same may be from time to time
amended, and manage the Designated Securities in accordance with the governing
documents of the Fund and as directed from time to time by the Fund’s Board of
Directors (the “Board”). In
managing the Designated Securities, the Sub-Adviser shall be responsible solely
for determining whether the Fund shall hold or liquidate such securities, and
for assisting the Advisers in gaining greater understanding of these securities
to enable the Advisers to assume management of any remaining Designated
Securities after the termination of this Agreement no later than two years from
the effective date of this Agreement. Once the Advisers provide
identification of the Designated Securities to the Sub-Adviser, the Adviser will
maintain limited supervisory authority over the Sub-Adviser with respect to such
Designated Securities and the Sub-Adviser will have the sole discretion whether
to sell or hold the Designated Securities; provided, however, that the Advisers
shall assume sole responsibility for any proceeds received from the disposition
of any Designated Security and may re-characterize any Designated Security such
that the management of such security will become the sole responsibility of the
Advisers to manage. The Advisers, however, shall have no authority to
add securities to the Designated Securities list after the effective date of
this Agreement. For
purposes of clarity, the Sub-Adviser shall have no investment discretion over or
otherwise affect the decision-making with respect to any portion of the Fund’s
assets other than the Designated Securities and shall have no ability to
participate in any decision by the Advisers to invest the Fund’s assets in, or
withdraw the Fund’s assets from, any private investment companies managed or
advised by the Sub-Adviser or any of its affiliates (each, a “WHM Hedge Fund”); provided, however, that the Sub-Adviser and/or its
affiliates shall have the same authority to determine whether to accept any
investment by the Fund on behalf of a WHM Hedge Fund or cause the Fund to
withdraw from such WHM Hedge Fund applicable to any other investor in such WHM
Hedge Fund pursuant to such WHM Hedge Fund’s governing documents. The
Advisers and the Fund are developing procedures to prevent the flow of
information about prospective purchases and sales by the Advisers and the
Sub-Adviser in their respective portions of the Fund (the “Procedures”). Sub-Adviser agrees to comply with the
Procedures with respect to 1) portfolio transactions by the Advisers and
Sub-Adviser on behalf of the Fund and 2) transactions by the Sub-Adviser as the
portfolio manager for any WHM Hedge Fund in which the Fund is an
investor.
3. Brokerage. In
executing transactions for the Designated Securities and selecting brokers or
dealers, the Sub-Adviser will use its best efforts to seek the best overall
terms available. In assessing the best overall terms available for
any Designated Securities transaction, the Sub-Adviser will consider all factors
it deems relevant, including, but not limited to, breadth of the market in the
security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution
capability of the broker or dealer and the reasonableness of any commission for
the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. In selecting
brokers or dealers to execute any transaction and in evaluating the best overall
terms available, the Sub-Adviser may consider the brokerage and research
services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934) provided to the Designated Securities and/or other accounts over
which the Sub-Adviser or any affiliate exercises investment
discretion.
4. Information
Provided to the Advisers and the Fund. The Sub-Adviser will
use its best efforts to keep the Advisers and the Fund informed of developments
materially affecting the Designated Securities, and will, on its own initiative,
furnish the Advisers from time to time with whatever information the Sub-Adviser
believes is appropriate for this purpose.
5. Standard
of Care. Sub-Adviser shall exercise its best judgment in
rendering the services described herein. The Sub-Adviser shall not be
liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or omission or any loss
suffered by the Advisers or the Fund in connection with the matters to which
this Agreement relates, provided that nothing herein shall be deemed to protect
or purport to protect the Sub-Adviser against any liability to the Advisers or
the Fund to which the Sub-Adviser would otherwise be subject by reason of
willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the
performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations
and duties under this Agreement ("disabling
conduct"). The Sub-Adviser will look to the Fund for
indemnification with respect to, and the Fund will indemnify Sub-Adviser
against, and hold it harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses),
including any amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as
fines or penalties, not resulting from disabling conduct by the
Sub-Adviser. Indemnification shall be made only following (i) a final
decision on the merits by a court or other body before whom the proceeding was
brought that the Sub-Adviser was not liable by reason of disabling conduct, or
(ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination, based upon a
review of the facts, that the Sub-Adviser was not liable by reason of disabling
conduct by (a) the vote of a majority of the Directors of the Fund who are
neither "interested persons" of the Fund nor parties to the proceeding ("disinterested non-party
Directors"), or (b) independent legal counsel in a written
opinion. The Sub-Adviser shall be entitled to advances from the Fund
for payment of the reasonable expenses incurred by it in connection with the
matter to which it is seeking indemnification in the manner and to the fullest
extent permissible under the law. The Sub-Adviser shall provide to
the Fund a written affirmation of its good faith belief that the standard of
conduct necessary for indemnification by the Fund has been met and a written
undertaking to repay any such advance if it should ultimately be determined that
the standard of conduct has not been met. In addition, at least one
of the following additional conditions shall be met: (a) the Sub-Adviser shall
provide a security in form and amount acceptable to the Fund for its
undertaking; (b) the Fund is insured against losses arising by reason of the
advance; or (c) a majority of disinterested non-party Directors of the Fund, or
independent legal counsel, in a written opinion, shall have determined, based on
a review of facts readily available to the Fund at the time the advance is
proposed to be made, that there is reason to believe that the Sub-Adviser will
ultimately be found to be entitled to indemnification.
6. Compensation. In
consideration of the services rendered pursuant to this Agreement, Advisers will
pay the Sub-Adviser a monthly fee calculated at the annual rate of 1.125% of the
Fund’s average net assets represented by the Designated Securities, based on the
net assets on the last business day of each month, up to and including $150
Million; 1.00% of the Fund’s average month-end net assets represented by the
Designated Securities in excess of $150 Million and up to and including $300
Million; and 0.875% of the Fund’s average month-end net assets represented by
the Designated Securities in excess of $300 Million. The fee
payable to Sub-Adviser for any period shorter than a full calendar month shall
be prorated according to the proportion that such payment bears to the full
monthly payment.
7. Expenses. Sub-Adviser
will bear all expenses in connection with the performance of its services under
this Agreement. The Fund will bear certain other expenses to be
incurred in its operation, including investment advisory fees, taxes, interest,
brokerage costs and commissions and stock exchange fees; fees of Directors of
the Fund who are not also officers, directors or employees of Advisers;
Securities and Exchange Commission fees, state Blue Sky qualification fees,
charges of any custodian, any sub-custodians and transfer and dividend-paying
agents, insurance premiums, outside auditing and legal expenses, costs of
maintenance of the Fund's existence, membership fees in trade associations,
stock exchange listing fees and expenses, litigation and other extraordinary or
non-recurring expenses.
8. Services
to other Companies or Accounts. The Advisers and the Fund
understand that the Sub-Adviser now acts, or may act, in the future as
investment adviser to fiduciary and other managed accounts or other trusts, or
as investment adviser to one or more other investment companies, and the Adviser
and the Fund have no objection to the Sub-Adviser so acting. The
Adviser and the Fund understand that the persons employed by Sub-Adviser to
assist in the performance of the Sub-Adviser's duties hereunder will not devote
their full time to such service and nothing contained herein shall be deemed to
limit or restrict the right of the Sub-Adviser or any affiliate of the
Sub-Adviser to engage in and devote time and attention to other businesses or to
render services of whatever kind or nature.
9. Term of
Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as of the
date it is approved by a vote of a "majority" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of
the Fund's outstanding voting securities (the "Effective
Date") and shall continue for a two-year term and shall terminate at that
time. This Agreement is terminable by any party hereto, by the Board
or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund,
on sixty (60) days' written notice to the respective party. Any
termination shall be without penalty and any notice of termination shall be
deemed given when received by the addressee.
10. No
Assignment. This Agreement may not be transferred, assigned,
sold or in any manner hypothecated or pledged by any party hereto and will
terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940
Act). It may be amended by mutual agreement, in writing, by the
parties hereto.
11. Entire
Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement
between the parties hereto.
12. Governing
Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and
enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Colorado.
13. Consent
to Jurisdiction and Service of Process. The Sub-Adviser
irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of any Colorado State or United States
Federal court sitting in Colorado, over any suit, action or proceeding arising
out of or relating to this Agreement. The Sub-Adviser irrevocably
waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection which it may have
to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in
such a court and any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in
such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The
Sub-Adviser agrees that final judgment in any such suit, action or proceeding
brought in such a court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Sub-Adviser,
and may be enforced to the extent permitted by applicable law in any court of
the jurisdiction of which the Sub-Adviser is subject by a suit upon such
judgment, provided that service of process is effected upon the Sub-Adviser in
the manner specified in the following paragraph or as otherwise permitted by
law.
Nothing
in this section shall affect the right of the Fund or the Advisers to serve
process in any manner permitted by law or limit the right of the Fund or the
Advisers to bring proceedings against the Sub-Adviser in the courts of any
jurisdiction or jurisdictions.
14.
Counterparts. This
Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an
original for all purposes, and together shall constitute one and the same
Agreement.
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as
of the date first above written.
THE
ADVISERS:
ROCKY MOUNTAIN ADVISERS, LLC,
an Alaska limited liability company
By:
_________________________________________
Stephen
C. Miller
Its: President
STEWART INVESTMENT ADVISERS, a
Barbados international business company
By: ____________________________________
Glade Christensen
Its: President
THE
SUB-ADVISER:
WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLP,
a Massachusetts limited liability partnership
By:
________________________________________
Its:
THE
FUND:
FIRST OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.,
a Maryland corporation
By:
____________________________________
Carl D. Johns
Its: Vice
President/CFO
EXHIBIT
A
SCHEDULE
OF DESIGNATED SECURITIES
FIRST
OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
[Missing
Graphic Reference]
www.firstopportunityfund.com
PROXY
FIRST
OPPORTUNITY FUND, INC.
PROXY
SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The
undersigned holder of shares of Common Stock of First Opportunity Fund, Inc., a
Maryland corporation (the "Fund"), hereby appoints Stephen C. Miller, Carl D.
Johns, and Nicole L. Murphey, or any of them, as proxies for the undersigned,
with full power of substitution in each of them, to attend the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) to be held at the St. Julien Hotel, 900
Walnut, Boulder, Colorado at 9:00 a.m. Mountain Daylight Time (local time), on
May 3, 2010, and any adjournments or postponements thereof, to cast on behalf of
the undersigned all votes that the undersigned is entitled to cast at the Annual
Meeting and to otherwise represent the undersigned at the Annual Meeting with
all the powers possessed by the undersigned if personally present at the
Meeting.
The votes entitled to be cast will be
cast as instructed below. If this Proxy is executed but no
instruction is given, the votes entitled to be cast by the undersigned will be
cast "FOR" each of the proposals described in the Proxy
Statement.
The votes entitled to be cast by the
undersigned will be cast in the discretion of the proxy holder on any other
matter that may properly come before the meeting. The
undersigned hereby acknowledges receipt of the Notice of Annual Meeting and
Proxy Statement (the terms of each of which are incorporated herein by
reference). A majority of the proxies present and acting at the
Annual Meeting in person or by substitute (or, if only one shall be so present,
then that one) shall have and may exercise all of the power and authority of
said proxies under this Proxy. The undersigned hereby revokes any
proxy previously given.
CONTINUED
AND TO BE SIGNED ON REVERSE SIDE
Please
indicate your vote by an "X" in the appropriate box below.
If
this proxy is properly executed, the votes entitled to be cast by the
undersigned will be cast in the manner directed by the undersigned
stockholder. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED FOR
ALL PROPOSALS. ADDITIONALLY, THE VOTES ENTITLED TO BE CAST BY THE
UNDERSIGNED WILL BE CAST IN THE DISCRETION OF THE PROXY HOLDER ON ANY OTHER
MATTERS THAT MAY PROPERLY COME BEFORE THE MEETING AND ANY ADJOURNMENTS OR
POSTPONEMENTS THEREOF.
Please
refer to the Proxy Statement for a discussion of the Proposals.
1.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment advisory agreement with
Rocky Mountain Advisers, LLC.
|
FOR____
|
AGAINST___
|
ABSTAIN
___
|
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS,
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THIS PROPOSAL, AS MORE
FULLY DESCRIBED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT
|
2.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment advisory agreement with
Stewart Investment Advisers.
|
FOR___
|
AGAINST
___
|
ABSTAIN
___
|
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS,
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THIS PROPOSAL, AS MORE
FULLY DESCRIBED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT
|
3.
|
To
approve or disapprove the proposed investment sub-advisory agreement with
Wellington Management LLP.
|
FOR
___
|
AGAINST
___
|
ABSTAIN
____
|
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS,
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THIS PROPOSAL, AS MORE
FULLY DESCRIBED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT
|
4.
|
To
approve or disapprove elimination of the Fund’s fundamental policy of
investing at least 65% of its assets in financial services companies (the
“Concentration Policy”).
|
FOR
___
|
AGAINST
___
|
ABSTAIN
___
|
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS,
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THIS PROPOSAL, AS MORE
FULLY DESCRIBED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT
|
5.
|
To
approve or disapprove amending the Concentration Policy to reduce the
Fund’s minimum threshold for investing in financial services companies to
25%.
|
FOR
___
|
AGAINST
___
|
ABSTAIN
___
|
THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS,
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THIS PROPOSAL, AS MORE
FULLY DESCRIBED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT
|
6.
|
Election
of Directors: Nominees are Richard I. Barr, John S. Horejsi,
Susan L. Ciciora, Dr. Dean L. Jacobson, and Joel W. Looney
|
FOR
___
|
WITHHOLD
___
|
FOR
ALL EXCEPT ____
|
Instruction:
If you do not wish your shares voted "for" a particular nominee, mark the
"For All Except" box and strike a line through the name(s) of the
nominee(s). Your shares will be voted "For" the remaining nominee(s).
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
INCLUDING ALL OF THE INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS, UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT
STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" ELECTION OF ALL THE NOMINEES
|
MARK HERE
FOR ADDRESS CHANGE AND NOTE AT
LEFT ____
PLEASE
SIGN, DATE AND RETURN PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.
NOTE: Please sign exactly as
your name appears on this Proxy. If joint owners, EACH should sign
this Proxy. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator,
trustee, guardian or corporate officer, please give your full
title.
Signature:
Date:
Signature:
Date: