UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009. |
or
¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 0-23441
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE | 94-3065014 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, California 95138
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(408) 414-9200
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232-405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files. YES ¨ NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ¨ NO x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class |
Outstanding at April 27, 2009 | |
Common Stock, $.001 par value |
26,938,866 shares |
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
Page | ||||
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
||||
Item 1. |
Financial Statements (unaudited) | |||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 | 4 | |||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 | 5 | |||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 | 6 | |||
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 7 | |||
Item 2. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 23 | ||
Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 33 | ||
Item 4. |
Controls and Procedures | 33 | ||
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
||||
Item 1. |
Legal Proceedings | 34 | ||
Item 1A. |
Risk Factors | 36 | ||
Item 2. |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 42 | ||
Item 3. |
Defaults upon Senior Securities | 43 | ||
Item 4. |
Submission of Matters to Vote of Security Holders | 43 | ||
Item 5. |
Other Information | 43 | ||
Item 6. |
Exhibits | 43 | ||
44 |
2
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes a number of forward-looking statements that involve many risks and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements are indicated by the use of such words as would, could, will, may, expect, believe, should, anticipate, outlook, if, future, intend, plan, estimate, predict, potential, targets, seek or continue and similar words and phrases, including the negatives of these terms, or other variations of these terms. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and our potential financial performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially and adversely from what is projected or implied in any forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q. These factors include, but are not limited to: the effect that the current economic and credit crisis may continue to have on our business; our ability to maintain and establish strategic relationships; the risks inherent in the development and delivery of complex technologies; our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel; the emergence of new markets for our products and services, and our ability to compete in those markets based on timeliness, cost and market demand; competition from our competitors, including those that we believe are infringing our patents; and our limited financial resources. We make these forward-looking statements based upon information available on the date of this Form 10-Q, and we have no obligation (and expressly disclaim any such obligation) to update or alter any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or otherwise. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider the risks described under Item 1A of Part II Risk Factors, Item 2 of Part I Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
3
PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited)
(In thousands)
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
|||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 144,566 | $ | 167,472 | ||||
Restricted cash |
250 | 250 | ||||||
Short-term investments |
4,945 | 6,363 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $328 and $427, in 2009 and 2008, respectively |
18,172 | 13,042 | ||||||
Inventories |
28,749 | 28,468 | ||||||
Note receivable |
10,000 | 10,000 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
1,272 | 1,274 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
7,838 | 7,099 | ||||||
Total current assets |
215,792 | 233,968 | ||||||
INVESTMENTS |
2,237 | 1,011 | ||||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net |
56,520 | 56,911 | ||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net |
3,635 | 3,818 | ||||||
GOODWILL |
1,824 | 1,824 | ||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
14,133 | 15,362 | ||||||
OTHER ASSETS |
174 | 184 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 294,315 | $ | 313,078 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 8,593 | $ | 9,319 | ||||
Accrued payroll and related expenses |
4,574 | 15,947 | ||||||
Taxes payable |
556 | 588 | ||||||
Deferred income on sales to distributors |
6,572 | 4,798 | ||||||
Accrued professional and other fees |
2,398 | 1,857 | ||||||
Other accrued liabilities |
978 | 462 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
23,671 | 32,971 | ||||||
LONG-TERM INCOME TAXES PAYABLE |
20,705 | 20,426 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
44,376 | 53,397 | ||||||
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY: |
||||||||
Common stock |
27 | 28 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
136,117 | 145,544 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
(104 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
113,899 | 114,166 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
249,939 | 259,681 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 294,315 | $ | 313,078 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
NET REVENUES |
$ | 40,289 | $ | 51,840 | ||
COST OF REVENUES |
19,357 | 23,718 | ||||
GROSS PROFIT |
20,932 | 28,122 | ||||
OPERATING EXPENSES: |
||||||
Research and development |
7,724 | 7,752 | ||||
Sales and marketing |
6,222 | 7,419 | ||||
General and administrative |
5,681 | 5,688 | ||||
Total operating expenses |
19,627 | 20,859 | ||||
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS |
1,305 | 7,263 | ||||
OTHER INCOME, NET |
824 | 2,012 | ||||
INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES |
2,129 | 9,275 | ||||
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES |
1,725 | 2,066 | ||||
NET INCOME |
$ | 404 | $ | 7,209 | ||
EARNINGS PER SHARE: |
||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.01 | $ | 0.24 | ||
Diluted |
$ | 0.01 | $ | 0.22 | ||
SHARES USED IN PER SHARE CALCULATION: |
||||||
Basic |
27,048 | 30,222 | ||||
Diluted |
28,057 | 32,090 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 404 | $ | 7,209 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,496 | 2,387 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
3,986 | 4,131 | ||||||
Amortization of premium/(discount) on held to maturity investment |
(53 | ) | (666 | ) | ||||
Gain on sales of property, plant and equipment |
| (15 | ) | |||||
Interest on note receivable |
| (12 | ) | |||||
Deferred income taxes |
1,232 | (479 | ) | |||||
Reduction in allowances - accounts receivable and other |
(99 | ) | (109 | ) | ||||
Excess tax benefit from stock options exercised |
(5 | ) | (188 | ) | ||||
Tax benefit associated with employee stock plans |
73 | 558 | ||||||
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts receivable |
(5,031 | ) | (2,966 | ) | ||||
Inventories |
(250 | ) | (2,164 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(729 | ) | 1,022 | |||||
Accounts payable |
(894 | ) | 793 | |||||
Income taxes payable and accrued liabilities |
(1,055 | ) | (770 | ) | ||||
Deferred income on sales to distributors |
1,774 | 1,161 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
1,849 | 9,892 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment |
(1,767 | ) | (2,711 | ) | ||||
Release of restricted cash |
| 950 | ||||||
Purchases of held-to-maturity investments |
(2,755 | ) | (15,854 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investments |
3,000 | 86,371 | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(1,522 | ) | 68,756 | |||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans |
4,117 | 5,423 | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock |
(17,635 | ) | (5,516 | ) | ||||
Payments to employees for tender offer |
(9,048 | ) | | |||||
Excess tax benefit from stock options exercised |
5 | 188 | ||||||
Payments of dividends to stockholders |
(672 | ) | | |||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(23,233 | ) | 95 | |||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(22,906 | ) | 78,743 | |||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
167,472 | 118,353 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
$ | 144,566 | $ | 197,096 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND |
||||||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Unpaid property and equipment, net |
$ | 168 | $ | (518 | ) | |||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
$ | 3 | $ | | ||||
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds |
$ | 173 | $ | 277 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. | BASIS OF PRESENTATION: |
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Power Integrations, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
While the financial information furnished is unaudited, the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that the Company considers necessary for the fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods covered and the financial condition of the Company at the date of the interim balance sheet in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Power Integrations, Inc. consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2008 included in its Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2009 with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: |
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term and Long-Term Investments
The Company considers cash invested in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Investments in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities greater than three months but not longer than twelve months from the balance sheet date are classified as short-term investments. Investments in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities greater than twelve months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term investments. As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Companys short-term and long-term investments consisted of U.S. government backed securities, municipal bonds, corporate commercial paper and other high-quality commercial securities, which were classified as held-to-maturity and were valued using the amortized-cost method, which approximates fair market value.
Restricted Cash
The Companys restricted cash balance of $0.3 million at March 31, 2009 consists of an interest-bearing certificate of deposit at Union Bank of California. The certificate of deposit (CD) earns interest at rates ranging from approximately 0.90% to 1.00% and is renewed every 90 days. The current maturity for the certificate of deposit is July 27, 2009. The Company entered into a security agreement with the bank, whereby it agreed to maintain $0.3 million in an interest-bearing certificate of deposit in order to secure commercial letters of credit or standby letters of credit up to the deposit amount. As of March 31, 2009, there were two outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $0.2 million. This CD agreement remains in effect until cancellation of the Companys letters of credit.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.
7
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
Revenue Recognition
Product revenues consist of sales to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, merchant power supply manufacturers and distributors. Shipping terms to international OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers from the Companys facility in California are delivered at frontier, or DAF, under which title to the product passes to the customer and revenue is recognized when the shipment reaches the destination country. Terms on shipments to international OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers from the Companys facilities outside of the United States are EX Works (EXW), meaning that title transfers to the Companys customer and revenue is recognized upon shipment from the Companys warehouses. Shipments to North and South American OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers are FOB-point of origin, meaning that title passes and revenue is recognized upon shipment.
Sales to distributors are made under terms allowing certain rights of return and protection against subsequent price declines on the Companys products held by the distributors. As a result of these rights, the Company defers the recognition of revenue and the costs of revenues derived from sales to distributors until such distributors resell the Companys products to their customers. The Company determines the amounts to defer based on the level of actual inventory on hand at its distributors as well as inventory that is in transit to its distributors. The gross profit that is deferred as a result of this policy is reflected as deferred income on sales to distributors in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Common Stock and Common Stock Dividends
In October 2008, the Companys board of directors authorized the use of $50 million to repurchase the Companys common stock. During the quarter ended March 31, 2009, the Company purchased 906,390 shares of its common stock for approximately $17.6 million, completing the $50 million repurchase program.
On October 21, 2008, the Companys board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.025 cents per share to be paid each quarter through the fourth quarter of 2009 to holders of record as of each quarters dividend record date. For the first quarter of 2009, this dividend was paid on March 31, 2009 to shareholders of record as of February 27, 2009.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition and allowances for receivables and inventories. These estimates are based on historical facts and various other assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made.
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of net income, plus the effect of foreign currency translation adjustments. The components of comprehensive income are as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 404 | $ | 7,209 | |||
Other comprehensive income: |
|||||||
Translation adjustments |
(47 | ) | 62 | ||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 357 | $ | 7,271 | |||
8
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
Segment Reporting
The Company is organized and operates as one business segment: the design, development, manufacture and marketing of proprietary, high-voltage, analog integrated circuits for use primarily in the AC-to-DC and DC-to-DC power conversion markets. The Companys chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance.
3. | STOCK PLANS AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION: |
Stock Plans
As of March 31, 2009, the Company had five stock-based employee compensation plans, the Plans, which are described below.
2007 Equity Incentive Plan
The 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2007 Plan) was adopted by the board of directors on September 10, 2007 and approved by the stockholders on November 7, 2007 as an amendment and restatement of the 1997 Stock Option Plan (the 1997 Plan). The 2007 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, stock appreciation rights, performance stock awards and other stock awards to employees, directors and consultants. As of March 31, 2009, the maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2007 Plan was 9,652,707 shares, which consists of the shares remaining available for issuance under the 1997 Plan, including shares subject to outstanding options under the 1997 Plan. Pursuant to the 2007 Plan, the exercise price for incentive stock options and nonstatutory stock options is generally at least 100% of the fair market value of the underlying shares on the date of grant. Options generally vest over 48 months measured from the date of grant. Options generally expire no later than ten years after the date of grant, subject to earlier termination upon an optionees cessation of employment or service.
Beginning January 27, 2009, grants pursuant to the Directors Equity Compensation Program (that was adopted by the board of directors on January 27, 2009), to nonemployee directors will be made primarily under the 2007 Plan. The Directors Equity Compensation Program provides in certain circumstances (depending on the status of the particular directors holdings of Company stock options) for the automatic grant of nonstatutory stock options to nonemployee directors of the Company on the first trading day of July in each year over their period of service on the board of directors. Further, each future nonemployee director of the Company would be granted under the 2007 Plan (or, if determined by the compensation committee, under the Directors Plan): (a) on the first trading day of the month following commencement of service, an option to purchase the number of shares of common stock equal to: the fraction of a year between the date of the directors appointment to the board of directors and the next July 1, multiplied by 8,000, which option shall vest on the next July 1st; and (b) on the first trading day of July following commencement of service, an option to purchase 24,000 shares vesting monthly over the three year period commencing on the grant date. The Directors Equity Compensation Program will remain in effect at the discretion of the board of directors or the compensation committee.
1997 Stock Option Plan
In June 1997, the board of directors adopted the 1997 Plan, whereby the board of directors could grant incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to key employees, directors and consultants. The exercise price of incentive stock options could not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Companys common stock on the date of grant. The exercise price of non-qualified stock options could not be less than 85% of the fair market value of the Companys common stock on the date of grant. The 1997 Plan originally provided that the number of shares reserved for issuance automatically increased on each January 1st, from January 1, 1999 through January 1, 2007, by 5% of the total number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on the last day of the
9
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
preceding fiscal year. In January 2005, the board of directors amended the 1997 Plan to reduce the annual increase from 5% to 3.5%, so that the number of shares reserved for issuance automatically increased on each January 1st, from January 1, 2006 through January 1, 2007, by 3.5% of the total number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on the last day of the preceding fiscal year. Effective November 2007, the board of directors determined that no further options would be granted under the 1997 Plan, and shares remaining available for issuance under the 1997 Plan, including shares subject to outstanding options under the 1997 Plan were transferred to the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. All outstanding options would continue to be governed and remain outstanding in accordance with their existing terms.
1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan
In September 1997, the board of directors adopted the 1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (the Directors Plan). A total of 800,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Directors Plan. The Directors plan is designed to work automatically without administration; however, to the extent administration is necessary, it will be performed by the board of directors. The Directors Plan provides for the automatic grant of nonstatutory stock options to nonemployee directors of the Company over their period of service on the board of directors. The Directors Plan provides that each future nonemployee director of the Company will be granted an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock on the date on which such individual first becomes a nonemployee director of the Company (the Initial Grant). Thereafter, each nonemployee director who has served on the board of directors continuously for 12 months will be granted an additional option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock (an Annual Grant). Subject to an optionees continuous service with the Company, approximately 1/3rd of an Initial Grant will become exercisable one year after the date of grant and 1/36th of the Initial Grant will become exercisable monthly thereafter. Each Annual Grant will become exercisable in twelve equal monthly installments beginning in the 25th month after the date of grant, subject to the optionees continuous service. The exercise price per share of all options granted under the Directors Plan is equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. Options granted under the Directors Plan have a maximum term of ten years after the date of grant, subject to earlier termination upon an optionees cessation of service. In the event of certain changes in control of the Company, all options outstanding under the Directors Plan will become immediately vested and exercisable in full. On January 27, 2009, the Directors Plan was amended to suspend Annual Grants from January 27, 2009 to December 31, 2009. In connection with such suspension, beginning in January 2009, nonemployee directors will receive initial and annual grants primarily under the Power Integrations 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (described above) pursuant to the Directors Equity Compensation Program (see description above).
1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan
In July 1998, the board of directors adopted the 1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (the 1998 Plan), whereby the board of directors may grant nonstatutory stock options to employees and consultants, but only to the extent that such options do not require approval of the Companys stockholders. The 1998 Plan was approved by the Companys directors; stockholder approval was not required at that time and was not sought. The exercise price of nonstatutory stock options may not be less than 85% of the fair market value of the Companys common stock on the date of grant. As of March 31, 2009, the maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 1998 Plan was 1,000,000 shares. In general, options vest over 48 months. Options generally have a maximum term of ten years after the date of grant, subject to earlier termination upon an optionees cessation of employment or service.
1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Under the 1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the Purchase Plan), eligible employees may apply accumulated payroll deductions, which may not exceed 15% of an employees compensation, to the purchase of shares of the Companys common stock at periodic intervals. The purchase price of stock under the Purchase Plan is equal to 85% of the lower of (i) the fair market value of the Companys common stock on the first day of each offering period, or (ii) the fair market value of the Companys common stock on the purchase date (as defined in the Purchase Plan).
10
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
Prior to February 1, 2009, each offering period consisted of four consecutive purchase periods of approximately six months duration, or such other number or duration as the Board determined. Beginning February 1, 2009, each offering period consists of one purchase period of approximately six months duration. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 123 (revised), Share-Based Payment, (SFAS 123R)., the Companys change in the Purchase Plan offering period was considered a plan modification , and following the guidance of SFAS 123R, the Company accelerated the stock-based compensation expense for the modified purchase rights for a total of $1.6 million in the first quarter of 2009. This amount was reflected in the operating expense captions in the Companys condensed consolidated statement of income at March 31, 2009. An aggregate of 3,000,000 shares of common stock is reserved for issuance to employees under the Purchase Plan. As of March 31, 2009, 2,011,987 shares had been purchased and 988,013 shares were reserved for future issuance under the Purchase Plan.
Performance-based Awards
In fiscal 2009, the Company implemented a program that provides for the issuance of performance-based awards representing unvested shares of the Companys common stock that may be issued under the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan.
Under the performance-based awards program, the Company awards a target number of units at the beginning of the performance year. The number of shares that are released at the end of the performance year can range from zero to the targeted number depending on the Companys performance. The performance metrics of this program are annual targets consisting of net revenue and non-GAAP operating earnings.
As the net revenue and non-GAAP operating earnings are considered performance conditions, the expense for theses awards, net of estimated forfeitures, is recorded throughout the year depending on the number of shares that are expected to be earned based on progress toward the performance target during the year.
Stock-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair-value recognition provisions of SFAS 123R. The Company previously applied Accounting Principles Board (APB) opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and related interpretations, and provided pro forma disclosures of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. The Company has elected to use the modified prospective transition method, as provided by SFAS 123R. Under this transition method, stock-based compensation expense for the first quarters of fiscal 2009 and 2008 includes: 1) compensation in connection with the vested portion of all stock-based compensation awards that were granted prior to January 1, 2006, and 2) compensation related to all stock option awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005. The Company is using the accelerated method to amortize stock options granted through December 31, 2005, over the remaining requisite service period of the stock option award, and the straight-line method for all stock options granted after December 31, 2005 over the requisite service period of the award.
As of March 31, 2009 there were approximately $10.0 million, net of expected forfeitures, of total unrecognized compensation costs related to stock options. The unrecognized compensation costs at March 31, 2009 are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.45 years.
As of March 31, 2009, the Company had $1.9 million of total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to performance-based share grants. The unamortized compensation expense will be recognized on a straight-line basis, and the weighted average estimated remaining life is 0.75 years.
As of March 31, 2009, the total unrecognized compensation cost under the Purchase Plan, to purchase the Companys common stock was approximately $0.7 million. The Company will amortize this cost on a straight-line basis over periods of up to 0.5 years.
11
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
In the first quarter of 2009 a total of $4.0 million was recorded as stock compensation expense, comprised of approximately $1.8 million related to stock options, including performance shares of $0.1 million, $2.2 million related to the Purchase Plan and a reduction of approximately $32,000 in compensation expense associated with capitalized inventory. In the first quarter of 2008 a total of $4.1 million was recorded as stock compensation expense, comprised of approximately $3.3 million related to stock options, $0.8 million related to the Purchase Plan and a reduction of approximately $32,000 in compensation expense associated with capitalized inventory.
Determining Fair Value
The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation method for valuing stock option grants using the following assumptions and estimates:
Expected Volatility. The Company calculates expected volatility as a weighted average of implied volatility and historical volatility.
Expected Term. The Company calculated the estimated expected term with the simplified method identified in SAB 107 for share-based awards granted between 1997 and 2007. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company developed a model which uses historical exercise, cancellation and outstanding option data to calculate the expected term of stock option grants.
Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes valuation method on the implied yield available on a U.S. Treasury note with a term equal to the expected term of the underlying grants.
Dividend Yield. The dividend yield was calculated by dividing the annual dividend by the average closing stock price of the Companys common stock from January 2, 2009 through March 31, 2009. The analysis has determined a dividend yield of .5191%. The dividend yield will be analyzed on a quarterly basis.
Estimated Forfeitures. The Company uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures, and records share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest.
The fair value of stock options granted is established on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Risk-free interest rates |
1.76 | % | 2.75 | % | ||||
Expected volatility rates |
48 | % | 45 | % | ||||
Expected dividend yield |
0.52 | % | | |||||
Expected term of stock options (in years) |
5.01 | 4.97 | ||||||
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted |
$ | 7.66 | $ | 11.26 |
12
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
The fair value of employees stock purchase rights under the Purchase Plan was estimated using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Risk-free interest rates |
0.39 | % | 2.09% - 4.96 | % | ||||
Expected volatility rates |
56 | % | 35% - 44 | % | ||||
Expected dividend yield |
0.52 | % | | |||||
Expected term of purchase right (in years) |
0.5 | 1.0 | ||||||
Weighted-average estimated fair value of purchase rights |
$ | 6.02 | $ | 11.41 |
The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense recognized in accordance with SFAS No. 123R for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008 (in thousands).
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Cost of revenues |
$ | 162 | $ | 424 | ||
Research and development |
1,836 | 1,479 | ||||
Sales and marketing |
994 | 1,338 | ||||
General and administrative |
993 | 883 | ||||
Total |
$ | 3,985 | $ | 4,124 | ||
A summary of option activity under the Plans, excluding performance-based shares, as of March 31, 2009, and changes during the three months then ended, is presented below:
Shares (in thousands) |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) | ||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2009 |
5,981 | $ | 21.38 | ||||||||
Granted |
71 | 18.42 | |||||||||
Exercised |
(120 | ) | 14.84 | ||||||||
Forfeited or expired |
(70 | ) | 24.72 | ||||||||
Outstanding at March 31, 2009 |
5,862 | $ | 21.49 | 4.95 | $ | 3,942 | |||||
Exercisable at March 31, 2009 |
4,925 | $ | 21.15 | 4.24 | $ | 3,934 | |||||
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2009 |
5,787 | $ | 21.49 | 4.90 | $ | 3,942 | |||||
The weighted-average, grant-date fair value of options granted for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $7.66 and $11.26, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $673,016 and $2,559,091, respectively.
Performance-based Awards
The cost of performance-based awards is determined using the fair value of the Companys common stock on the date of the grant. Compensation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of each award adjusted for estimated forfeitures. If the performance conditions are not achieved, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2009, the Company granted 117,600 non-vested performance-based stock awards at a grant-date fair value of $18.60 per share. As of March 31, 2009, none of the performance-based awards had vested.
13
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
4. | INVENTORIES: |
Inventories (which consist of costs associated with the purchases of wafers from offshore foundries and of packaged components from several offshore assembly manufacturers, as well as internal labor and overhead associated with the testing of both wafers and packaged components) are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. Provisions, when required, are made to reduce excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated net realizable values. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 | |||||
Raw materials |
$ | 10,157 | $ | 8,116 | ||
Work-in-process |
5,448 | 4,645 | ||||
Finished goods |
13,144 | 15,707 | ||||
Total |
$ | 28,749 | $ | 28,468 | ||
5. | INTANGIBLE ASSETS: |
Intangible assets consist primarily of acquired licenses and patent rights and are reported net of accumulated amortization. The Company amortizes the cost of an intangible asset over the term of the acquired license or patent rights, which ranges from five to twelve years. Amortization for all acquired intangible assets was approximately $0.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2009, and $0.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2008. The Company does not believe there is any significant residual value associated with the following intangible assets (in thousands):
March 31, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||
Gross | Accumulated Amortization |
Net | Gross | Accumulated Amortization |
Net | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Technology licenses |
$ | 3,000 | $ | (900 | ) | $ | 2,100 | $ | 3,000 | $ | (825 | ) | $ | 2,175 | ||||||
Patent rights |
1,949 | (1,359 | ) | 590 | 1,949 | (1,294 | ) | 655 | ||||||||||||
Developed technology |
1,140 | (204 | ) | 936 | 1,140 | (163 | ) | 977 | ||||||||||||
Other intangibles |
37 | (28 | ) | 9 | 37 | (26 | ) | 11 | ||||||||||||
Total intangible assets |
$ | 6,126 | $ | (2,491 | ) | $ | 3,635 | $ | 6,126 | $ | (2,308 | ) | $ | 3,818 | ||||||
The estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets at March 31, 2009 is as follows:
Fiscal Year |
Estimated Amortization (in thousands) | ||
2009 (remaining 9 months) |
$ | 536 | |
2010 |
684 | ||
2011 |
651 | ||
2012 |
463 | ||
2013 |
463 | ||
Thereafter |
838 | ||
Total |
$ | 3,635 | |
14
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
6. | SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND EXPORT SALES: |
Customer Concentration
Ten customers accounted for approximately 65% and 64% of net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and March 31, 2008, respectively. A significant portion of these revenues are attributable to sales of the Companys products to distributors of electronic components. These distributors sell the Companys products to a broad, diverse range of end users, including OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers. Two customers, both distributors of the Companys products, accounted for 16% and 11% of net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2009. In the three months ended March 31, 2008 one customer, also a distributor of the Companys products, accounted for 12% of net revenues. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the Companys revenues in the periods mentioned.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash investments and trade receivables. The Company has cash investment policies that limit cash investments to low-risk investments. With respect to trade receivables, the Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers financial conditions and requires letters of credit whenever deemed necessary. Additionally, the Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends related to past write-offs and other relevant information. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers. As of both March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, 68% of accounts receivable were concentrated with the Companys top ten customers.
As of March 31, 2009, two customers, both distributors of the Companys products, accounted for 16% and 13% of accounts receivable. As of March 31, 2008, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable.
Export Sales
The Company markets its products through its sales personnel and a worldwide network of distributors. As a percentage of total net revenues, export sales, which consist of domestic and foreign sales to distributors and direct customers outside of the Americas, are comprised of the following:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Hong Kong/China |
30 | % | 35 | % | ||
Korea |
22 | % | 16 | % | ||
Taiwan |
21 | % | 20 | % | ||
Western Europe (excluding Germany) |
10 | % | 11 | % | ||
Germany |
4 | % | 6 | % | ||
Japan |
4 | % | 5 | % | ||
Singapore |
1 | % | 2 | % | ||
Other |
3 | % | 1 | % | ||
Total revenue, excluding the Americas. |
95 | % | 96 | % | ||
The remainder of the Companys sales were to customers within the Americas, primarily located in the United States, with some customers located in Mexico and Brazil.
15
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
Product Sales
Approximately 98% of the Companys sales in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were from its three primary groupings of AC-DC power-conversion products TOPSwitch, TinySwitch and LinkSwitch. Approximately 2% of the Companys sales came from other product families, principally the Companys DPA-Switch family of high-voltage DC-DC products.
Revenue mix by product grouping was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
Product Family |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
TinySwitch |
46 | % | 44 | % | ||
TOPSwitch |
23 | % | 25 | % | ||
LinkSwitch |
29 | % | 29 | % | ||
Other |
2 | % | 2 | % |
7. | EARNINGS PER SHARE: |
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares of common stock and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive common equivalent shares included in this calculation consist of dilutive shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock options, as computed using the treasury stock method.,
A summary of the earnings per share calculation is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||
Net income |
$ | 404 | $ | 7,209 | ||
Weighted-average common shares |
27,048 | 30,222 | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 0.01 | $ | 0.24 | ||
Diluted earnings per share (1): |
||||||
Net income |
$ | 404 | $ | 7,209 | ||
Weighted-average common shares |
27,048 | 30,222 | ||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||
Stock options |
1,009 | 1,868 | ||||
Diluted weighted-average common shares |
28,057 | 32,090 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 0.01 | $ | 0.22 | ||
(1) |
Power Integrations includes the shares underlying performance-based awards in the calculation of diluted EPS when they become contingently issuable per SFAS No. 128, Earning per Share, and excludes such shares when they are not contingently issuable. The Company has excluded all performance-based awards underlying the fiscal 2009 awards as those shares are not contingently issuable. |
Options to purchase 3,152,588 and 3,610,951 shares of Company common stock that were outstanding at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the periods then ended because exercise prices of the options were greater than the average market price of the Companys common stock during those periods and, therefore, their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
16
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
8. | INCOME TAXES: |
The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (SFAS 109). Under the provisions of SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, utilizing the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
Income tax expense includes a provision for federal, state and foreign taxes based on the annual estimated effective tax rate applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries, adjusted for certain discrete items which are fully recognized in the period they occur. The Companys effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were 81% and 22%, respectively. The difference between the expected statutory rate of 35% and the Companys effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2009 was primarily due to the recent California budget legislation which resulted in the Company reducing the value of its state deferred tax assets by $0.3 million and recording an income tax provision of $0.8 million to establish a valuation allowance to reserve previously recorded net tax benefits from California tax credits. This was partially offset by the geographic distribution of the Companys world-wide earnings. The difference between the expected statutory rate of 35% and the Companys effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2008 was due primarily to the geographic distribution of the Companys world-wide earnings.
Although the Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign tax returns, its major tax jurisdiction, related to tax liability, is the U.S. The Companys 2002 2006 tax years remain subject to examination by the IRS for U.S. federal tax purposes. Currently, the Companys returns are under examination by the IRS for its 2004 2006 tax years. There could be a significant change in the Companys uncertain tax benefits depending on the outcome of the current IRS audit; however, the Company believes that it is not reasonably possible that a settlement will be reached with the IRS within the next 12 months, and therefore is currently unable to estimate the likely outcome.
Determining the consolidated provision for income tax expense, income tax liabilities and deferred tax assets and liabilities involves judgment. The Company calculates and provides for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it operates, which involves estimating current tax exposures as well as making judgments regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction. The estimates used could differ from actual results, which may have a significant impact on operating results in future periods.
9. | INDEMNIFICATIONS: |
The Company sells products to its distributors under contracts, collectively referred to as Distributor Sales Agreements (DSAs). Each DSA contains the relevant terms of the contractual arrangement with the distributor, and generally includes certain provisions for indemnifying the distributor against losses, expenses, and liabilities from damages that may be awarded against the distributor in the event the Companys hardware is found to infringe upon a patent, copyright, trademark, or other proprietary right of a third party (Customer Indemnification). The DSA generally limits the scope of and remedies for the Customer Indemnification obligations in a variety of industry-standard respects, including, but not limited to, limitations based on time and geography, and a right to replace an infringing product. The Company also, from time to time, has granted a specific indemnification right to individual customers.
The Company believes its internal development processes and other policies and practices limit its exposure related to such indemnifications. In addition, the Company requires its employees to sign a proprietary information and inventions agreement, which assigns the rights to its employees development work to the Company. To date, the Company has not had to reimburse any of its distributors or customers for any losses related to these indemnifications and no material claims were outstanding as of March 31, 2009. For several reasons, including the lack of prior indemnification claims and the lack of a monetary liability limit for certain infringement cases, the Company cannot determine the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related to such indemnifications.
17
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
10. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES: |
From time to time in the ordinary course of business, the Company becomes involved in lawsuits, or customers and distributors may make claims against the Company. See note 11 below. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, the Company makes a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.
11. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS: |
On October 20, 2004, the Company filed a complaint against Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. and Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation (referred to collectively as Fairchild) in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. In its complaint, the Company alleged that Fairchild has and is infringing four of Power Integrations patents pertaining to PWM integrated circuit devices. Fairchild denied infringement and asked for a declaration from the court that it does not infringe any Power Integration patent and that the patents are invalid. The Court issued a claim construction order on March 31, 2006 which was favorable to the Company. The Court set a first trial on the issues of infringement, willfulness and damages for October 2, 2006. At the close of the first trial, on October 10, 2006, the jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company finding all asserted claims of all four patents-in-suit to be willfully infringed by Fairchild and awarding $33,981,781 in damages. Although the jury awarded damages, at this stage of the proceedings the Company cannot state the amount, if any, which it might ultimately recovered from Fairchild, and no benefits have been recorded in the Companys consolidated financial statements as a result of the damages award. Fairchild also raised defenses contending that the asserted patents are invalid or unenforceable, and the court held a second trial on these issues beginning on September 17, 2007. On September 21, 2007, the jury returned a verdict in the Companys favor, affirming the validity of the asserted claims of all four patents-in-suit. Fairchild submitted further materials on the issue of enforceability along with various other post-trial motions, and the Company filed post-trial motions seeking a permanent injunction and increased damages and attorneys fees, among other things. On September 24, 2008, the Court denied Fairchilds motion regarding enforceability and ruled that all four patents are enforceable. On December 12, 2008, the Court ruled on the remaining post-trial motions, including granting a permanent injunction, reducing the damages award to $6,116,720, granting Fairchild a new trial on the issue of willful infringement in view of an intervening change in the law, and denying the Companys motion for increased damages and attorneys fees with leave to renew the motion after the resolution of the issue of willful infringement. The District Court thereafter set a schedule for resolving the issue of willful infringement in a short bench trial to begin on June 22, 2009. On December 22, 2008, at Fairchilds request, the Court temporarily stayed the permanent injunction for 90 days to permit Fairchild to petition the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals for a further stay. On January 12, 2009, Fairchild filed a notice of appeal challenging the Courts refusal to enter a more permanent stay of the injunction, and Fairchild filed additional motions requesting that both the Federal Circuit and the District Court extend the stay of injunction. The District Court temporarily extended the stay pending the Federal Circuit ruling on Fairchilds pending motion to stay. On May 5, 2009, Fairchild filed another motion asking the District Court to reconsider its prior denials of their request to stay the injunction, which the Company opposes.
On May 9, 2005, the Company filed a Complaint with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) under section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, 19 U.S.C. section 1337. The Company filed a supplement to the complaint on May 24, 2005. The Company alleged infringement of its patents pertaining to pulse width modulation (PWM) integrated circuit devices produced by System General, which are used in power conversion applications such as power supplies for computer monitors. The Commission instituted an investigation on June 8, 2005 in response to the Companys complaint. System General Corporation filed a response to the ITC complaint asserting that the patents-in-suit were invalid and not infringed. The Company subsequently and voluntarily narrowed the number of patents and claims in suit, which proceeded to a hearing. The hearing on the investigation was held before the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) from January 18 to January 24, 2006. Post-hearing briefs were submitted and briefing concluded
18
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
February 24, 2006. The ALJs initial determination was issued on May 15, 2006. The ALJ found all remaining asserted claims valid and infringed, and recommended the exclusion of the infringing products as well as certain downstream products that contain the infringing products. After further briefing, on June 30, 2006 the Commission decided not to review the initial determination on liability, but did invite briefs on remedy, bonding and the public interest. On August 11, 2006 the Commission issued an order excluding from entry into the United States the infringing System General PWM chips, and any LCD computer monitors, AC printer adapters and sample/demonstration circuit boards containing an infringing System General chip. The U.S. Customs Service is authorized to enforce the exclusion order. On October 11, 2006, the presidential review period expired without any action from the President, and the ITC exclusion order is now in full effect. System General appealed the ITC decision, and on November 19, 2007, the Federal Circuit affirmed the ITCs findings in all respects. On October 27, 2008, System General filed a petition to modify the exclusion order in view of a recent Federal Circuit opinion in an unrelated case, and the Company responded to oppose any modification, but the Commission modified the exclusion order on February 27, 2009. Nevertheless, the exclusion order still prohibits System General and related entities from importing the infringing System General chips and any LCD computer monitors, AC printer adapters, and sample/demonstration circuit boards containing an infringing System General chip.
On June 14, 2007, the Company filed a complaint for patent infringement in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, against Shanghai SIM-BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited, a Chinese company, and its U.S. sister corporation, BCD Semiconductor Corporation (referred to collectively as BCD). The Companys complaint alleged that certain integrated circuits produced by BCD infringe certain of the Companys patents, seeking, among other things, an order enjoining BCD from infringing on its patents and an award for damages resulting from the alleged infringement. The Company voluntarily dismissed the California case against BCD on October 15, 2007 and filed a substantially identical complaint against BCD in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware on October 15, 2007. On January 21, 2008, BCD moved to dismiss the Delaware action for lack of personal jurisdiction in favor of a declaratory judgment action it filed against Power Integrations on the same patents in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, discussed in further detail below. On September 9, 2008, the Court denied BCDs motion to dismiss, and BCD answered the Companys complaint on September 19, 2008, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Power Integrations patent and that the patents are invalid and unenforceable. The parties held a mediation session with the Court on January 30, 2009 and subsequently entered into a settlement agreement in February 2009. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Court entered an order prohibiting BCD from manufacturing or selling the products involved in the lawsuit in the United States or from selling such products for use in end products destined for the U.S. market.
On March 23, 2008, the Company filed a complaint against Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc., Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, and Fairchilds wholly-owned subsidiary System General Corporation (referred to collectively as Fairchild) in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. In its complaint, the Company alleged that Fairchild has and is infringing three patents pertaining to power supply controller integrated circuit devices. Fairchild answered the Companys complaint on November 7, 2008, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Power Integrations patent and that the patents are invalid and unenforceable. Fairchilds answer also included counterclaims accusing the Company of infringing three patents pertaining to primary side power conversion integrated circuit devices. Fairchild had earlier brought these same claims in a separate suit against the Company, also in Delaware, which Fairchild dismissed in favor of adding its claims to the Companys already pending suit against Fairchild. The Company has answered Fairchilds counterclaims, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Fairchild patent and that the Fairchild patents are invalid. Fairchild also filed a motion to stay the case, but the Court denied that motion on December 19, 2008, and discovery is under way. On March 5, 2009, Fairchild filed a motion for summary judgment to preclude any recovery for post-verdict sales of parts found to infringe in the parties other ongoing litigation, described above, and the Company filed its opposition and a cross-motion to preclude Fairchild from re-litigating the issues of infringement and damages for those same products. The Court is expected to address these motions in the coming months.
19
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) recently completed its audit of the Companys 2002 and 2003 tax returns. The Company and the IRS were unable to reach an agreement on the adjustment it proposed for those years with respect to the Companys research and development cost-sharing arrangement. The Company agreed to rollover this disputed issue into the audit of the Companys tax returns for fiscal years 2004 through 2006 which is now in progress, in order to allow the IRS to further evaluate multiple year data related to the Companys research and development cost-sharing arrangement.
On July 4, 2008 Azzurri Technology GmbH (in the following referred to as Azzurri) filed a complaint in the amount of EUR 1,247,832.07 plus interest against the Company in the Regional Court Munich I (Germany). This complaint was received by the Company on or about September 16, 2008. In its complaint, Azzurri, a former distributor and agent of the Companys products in Germany and Austria, alleged that pursuant to mandatory European law it is entitled to a compensation claim in said amount following the termination of the distributor agreement by the Company even though the distribution agreement did not provide for such payment. In its written pleading the Company has denied such claims. The legal proceeding, which had been paused by the Regional Court in Munich pending the merger of Azzurri with AVNET EMG GmbH, will move forward. On June 18, 2009, the Regional Court in Munich will hold the first oral hearing.
There can be no assurance that Power Integrations will prevail in the litigation with Fairchild or Azzurri. This litigation, whether or not determined in Power Integrations favor or settled, will be costly and will divert the efforts and attention of the Companys management and technical personnel from normal business operations, potentially causing a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and operating results. In addition, the Company is unable to predict the outcome of the other legal proceedings and matters described above. Adverse determinations in litigation could result in monetary losses, the loss of proprietary rights, subject the Company to significant liabilities, require Power Integrations to seek licenses from third parties or prevent the Company from licensing the technology, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition and operating results.
The Company is also subject to a variety of other claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. These matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and the Companys view of these matters may change in the future and could result in charges that would have a material adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
12. | RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS: |
In December
2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) issued FASB staff position, or FSP, 132(R)-1, Employers Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets (FSP
SFAS 132(R)-1). FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 requires additional disclosures about assets held in an employers defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 is effective for fiscal years ending after
December 15, 2009 and will be adopted by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2010. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 to have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the following accounting pronouncements:
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157. This staff position granted a one year deferral for non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, at least annually, to comply with SFAS No. 157. There was no material impact to the Companys consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of FSP SFAS No. 157-2. See note 13 to the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements for the disclosures required by SFAS No. 157.
20
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, (SFAS 141R). SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and was adopted by the Company in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R.
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161). This standard amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, by requiring expanded disclosure about an entitys derivative instruments and hedging activities, but does not change the scope or accounting for Statement No. 133. SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative, quantitative and credit-risk disclosures. Required qualitative disclosures include 1) how and why an entity is using derivative instruments or hedging activity, 2) how an entity is accounting for its derivative instruments and hedging items under SFAS No. 133, and 3) how the instruments affect an entitys financial position, financial performance and cash flow. The qualitative disclosure should include information about the fair value of the derivative instruments, including gains and losses. Credit-risk disclosures should include information about the existence and nature of credit risk related contingent features included in derivative instruments. SFAS No. 161 also amends SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Assets, to clarify that derivative instruments are subject to SFAS No. 107s concentration-of-credit-risk disclosures. SFAS No. 161 was effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, was adopted by the Company in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 161.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (SFAS 162). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (the GAAP hierarchy). SFAS No. 162 became effective November 2008. There was no material impact to the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 162.
In May 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position (FSP) Accounting Principles Board (APB) 14-1 Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (FSP APB 14-1). FSP APB 14-1 requires the issuer of certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (or other assets) on conversion to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components of the instrument in a manner that reflects the issuers non-convertible debt borrowing rate. FSP APB 14-1 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and was adopted by the Company in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of FSP APB 14-1.
13. | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS |
SFAS No. 157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, SFAS No. 157 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level 1) observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level 2) inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires the Company to develop its own assumptions. This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. On a recurring basis, the Company could measure certain financial assets at fair value, including its marketable securities.
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POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(unaudited)
The Companys cash and investment instruments are classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices, broker or dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. The type of instrument valued based on quoted market prices in active markets primarily includes money market securities. This type of instrument is generally classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The types of instruments valued based on other observable inputs (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy) include investment-grade corporate bonds, commercial paper, government, state, municipal and provincial obligations. The Companys investments classified as Level 1 and Level 2 are held-to-maturity investments, and were valued using the amortized-cost method, which approximates fair market value.
The estimated fair value of the Companys note to its supplier was approximately $10.0 million at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The fair value was estimated using a pricing model incorporating current Treasury rates. The note had a carrying cost of $10.0 million at March 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company intends to hold the note to maturity, which occurs on December 31, 2009.
The fair value hierarchy of the Companys marketable securities and note to supplier was as follows (in thousands):
Balance at March 31, 2009 |
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using | |||||||||||
Description |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||
Commercial paper |
$ | 127,184 | $ | | $ | 127,184 | $ | | ||||
Money market funds |
7,168 | 7,168 | | | ||||||||
U.S. Government debt securities |
4,576 | | 4,576 | | ||||||||
Corporate Bonds |
2,606 | 2,606 | ||||||||||
Note to supplier |
10,000 | | | 10,000 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 151,534 | $ | 7,168 | $ | 134,366 | $ | 10,000 | ||||
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. |
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and with managements discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the SEC on February 27,2009. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in Part II, Item 1ARisk Factors and elsewhere in this report.
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Overview
We design, develop, manufacture and market proprietary, high-voltage, analog integrated circuits (ICs) for use in electronic power supplies, also known as switched-mode power supplies. Our ICs are used in AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies in a wide variety of end products, primarily in the consumer, communications, computer and industrial electronics markets. For example, our ICs are commonly used in such end products as mobile-phone chargers, desktop computers, home entertainment equipment, appliances, utility meters and LED light fixtures.
We believe that our products enable power supplies superior to those designed with alternative technologies. We differentiate our ICs through innovation aimed at helping our customers meet the desired performance specifications for their power supplies while minimizing complexity, component count, time-to-market and overall system cost. We invest significant resources in research and development in an effort to achieve this differentiation.
The addressable market for our ICs has historically exhibited a modest growth rate, as growth in the unit volumes of power supplies has largely been offset by reductions in the average selling price of components in this market. Therefore, our ability to penetrate the power supply market and gain market share is generally the most important factor in determining the growth rate of our revenues, income and cash flow. Our growth strategy includes the following elements:
| Increase the penetration of our ICs in the low-power AC-DC power supply market. The vast majority of our revenues come from power-supply applications requiring 50 watts of output or less. We continue to introduce more advanced products that make our IC-based solutions more attractive in this market. We have also increased the size of our sales and field-engineering staff considerably over the past several years, and we continue to expand our offerings of technical documentation and design-support tools and services in order to help our customers use our ICs. These tools and services include our PI Expert design software, which we offer free of charge, and our transformer-sample service. |
| Capitalize on the growing demand for more energy-efficient electronic products and lighting technologies. We believe that energy-efficiency is becoming an increasingly important design criterion for power supplies due largely to the emergence of standards and specifications that encourage, and in some cases mandate, the design of more energy-efficient electronic products. While power supplies built with competing technologies are often unable to meet these standards cost-effectively, power supplies incorporating our ICs are generally able to comply with all known efficiency specifications currently in effect. |
Additionally, in response to concerns about the inefficiency of incandescent lighting, policymakers in a number of countries and regions have enacted or proposed policies that could result in more rapid adoption of alternative lighting technologies such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We believe this presents a significant opportunity for us because our ICs are used in power-supply circuitry for high-voltage, or offline, LED lighting applications.
| Expand our addressable market to include high-power applications. We believe we have developed new technologies that will enable us to bring the benefits of highly integrated power supplies to applications requiring more than 50 watts of output. For example, in July 2008 we announced an extension of our TOPSwitch-HX product family that, along with certain system-level innovations, enables us to address the market for power adapters used with notebook computers. In December 2008 we introduced HiperPLC , which targets applications such as main power supplies for flat-panel TVs, high-efficiency power supplies for PCs and servers, as well as LED streetlights and certain industrial controls. We are applying significant research and development resources toward products that could address additional high-power applications in the future. |
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Our business is characterized by short-term orders and short customer lead times, and a high percentage of our revenues come from turns business, or orders booked and shipped within the same quarter. Customers typically can cancel or reschedule orders without significant penalty. We plan our production and inventory levels based on internal forecasts of customer demand, which is highly unpredictable and can fluctuate substantially. As a result, our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate significantly in the future.
Also, our operating results are subject to external factors such as global economic conditions and supply-chain dynamics. The ongoing global economic downturn, has caused a reduction in demand for our ICs and the end products that incorporate them. As a result, our net revenues for the first quarter of 2009 decreased by 22% compared with the first quarter of 2008, and we believe our full-year revenues for 2009 are likely to be significantly less than our revenues for 2008.
Our gross profit, defined as net revenues less cost of revenues, was $20.9 million, or 52% of net revenues, in the first quarter of 2009, compared to $28.1 million, or 54% of net revenues, in the first quarter of 2008. Because our industry is intensely price-sensitive, our gross profit margin (gross profit divided by net revenues) is subject to change based on the relative pricing of solutions that compete with ours. Also, because we purchase a large percentage of our silicon wafers from foundries located in Japan, our gross profit margin is influenced by fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen. All else being equal, a 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to the Japanese yen would eventually result in a corresponding change in our gross profit margin of approximately one percentage point. We expect recent volatility in the dollar/yen exchange rate to cause some fluctuation in our gross profit margin in 2009.
In response to the lower net revenues we have recognized in recent periods due to the economic downturn, we have taken a number of measures to reduce our production costs and operating expenses. These include a modest number of headcount reductions, curtailment of certain employee benefits, restrictions on hiring, travel and use of outside consultants and contractors, and a number of other measures. We have also taken steps to reduce future operating expenses related to stock-based compensation; these include the repurchase of approximately 2.5 million underwater employee stock options via a tender offer executed in December 2008, and a modification of our employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) that shortened the offering period from 24 months to six months. Our results for the first quarter of 2009 included $1.6 million of stock-based compensation expenses representing the acceleration of expenses for the modified ESPP purchase rights which otherwise would have been recognized in future periods.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those listed below. We base our estimates on historical facts and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Our critical accounting policies are as follows:
| revenue recognition; |
| stock-based compensation; |
| estimating sales returns and allowances; |
| estimating distributor pricing credits; |
| estimating allowance for doubtful accounts; |
| estimating write-downs for excess and obsolete inventory, |
| income taxes; and |
| goodwill and intangible assets. |
Our critical accounting policies are important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, and require us to make judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. A brief description of these critical accounting policies is set forth below. For more information regarding our accounting policies, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in our notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Revenue recognition
Product revenues consist of sales to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), merchant power supply manufacturers and distributors. Shipping terms to international OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers from our facility in California are delivered at frontier, or DAF, under which title to the product passes to the customer and revenue is recognized when the shipment reaches the destination country. Terms on shipments to international OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers from our facilities outside of the United States are EX Works (EXW), meaning that title transfers to our customer and revenue is recognized upon shipment from our warehouses. Shipments to North and South American OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers are FOB-point of origin, meaning that title passes and revenue is recognized upon shipment.
Historically, one-half to two-thirds of our total sales have been made to distributors pursuant to agreements that allow certain rights of return on our products held by these distributors. As a result, we defer the recognition of revenue and the costs of revenues derived from sales to distributors until such distributors resell our products to their customers. The amount we defer is based on the level of actual inventory on hand at our distributors as well as inventory that is in transit to them. The gross profit that is deferred as a result of this policy is reflected as deferred income on sales to distributors in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Stock-based compensation
We adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, effective January 1, 2006. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), we recognize the fair value of stock-based compensation in financial statements over the requisite service period of the individual grants, which generally equals a four year vesting period. We have elected the modified prospective transition method for adopting SFAS No. 123(R), under which the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) apply to all awards granted or modified after the date of adoption. The unrecognized expense of awards not yet vested at the date of adoption is recognized in our financial statements in the periods after the date of adoption using the same value determined under the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. We recognize compensation expense for the stock option awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. We use estimates in determining the fair value of these awards. Changes in these estimates could result in changes to our compensation charges.
Estimating sales returns and allowances
Net revenue consists of product revenue reduced by estimated sales returns and allowances. To estimate sales returns and allowances, we analyze, both when we initially establish the reserve and then each quarter when we review the adequacy of the reserve, the following factors: historical returns, current economic trends, levels of inventories of our products held by our distributor customers, and changes in customer demand and acceptance of our products. This reserve represents a reserve of the gross profit on estimated future returns and is reflected as a reduction to accounts receivable in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Increases to the reserve are recorded as a reduction to net revenue equal to the expected customer credit memo, and a corresponding credit is made to cost of revenues equal to the estimated cost of the product to be returned. The net difference, or gross margin, is recorded as an addition to the reserve. Because the reserve for sales returns and allowances is based on our judgments and estimates, particularly as to future customer demand and level of acceptance of our products, our reserves may not reflect actual sales returns and other allowances. If our reserves do not reflect actual sales returns and other allowances, our future net revenues and cost of revenues would be affected, if our reserves were not adequate to reflect the actual sales returns and other allowances.
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Estimating distributor pricing credits
Historically, between one-half and two-thirds of our total sales have been made to distributors. Frequently, distributors need a cost lower than the standard distribution price to win business. After the distributor ships product to its customer under an approved transaction, the distributor submits a ship and debit claim to us to adjust its cost from the standard price to the approved lower price. After verification by us, a credit memo is issued to the distributor to adjust the sell-in price from the standard distribution price to the approved lower price. We maintain a reserve for these credits that appears as a reduction to accounts receivable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Any increase in the reserve results in a corresponding reduction in our net revenues. To establish the adequacy of our reserves, we analyze historical ship and debit amounts and levels of inventory in the distributor channels. If our reserves are not adequate, our net revenues could be adversely affected.
From time to time we reduce our distribution list prices. We give our distributors protection against these price declines in the form of credits on products they hold in inventory. These credits are referred to as price protection. Since we do not recognize revenue until the distributor sells the product to its customers, we generally do not need to provide reserves for price protection. However, in rare instances we must consider price protection in the analysis of reserve requirements, as there may be a timing gap between a price decline and the issuance of price protection credits. If a price protection reserve is required, we will maintain a reserve for these credits that appears as a reduction to accounts receivable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Any increase in the reserve results in a corresponding reduction in our net revenues. We analyze distribution price declines and levels of inventory in the distributor channels in determining the reserve levels required. If our reserves do not reflect actual credits, our future net revenues would be affected, which could be adversely affected if our reserves were not adequate to reflect actual credits.
Estimating allowance for doubtful accounts
We maintain an allowance for losses we may incur as a result of our customers inability to make required payments. Any increase in the allowance for doubtful accounts results in a corresponding increase in our general and administrative expenses. In establishing this allowance, and in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance each quarter, we analyze historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and changes in our customer payment terms. If the financial condition of one or more of our customers deteriorates, resulting in their inability to make payments, or if we otherwise underestimate the losses we incur as a result of our customers inability to pay us, we could be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts which could adversely affect our operating results.
Estimating write-downs for excess and obsolete inventory
When evaluating the adequacy of our valuation adjustments for excess and obsolete inventory, we identify excess and obsolete products and also analyze historical usage, forecasted production based on demand forecasts, current economic trends, and historical write-offs. This write-down is reflected as a reduction to inventory in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and an increase in cost of revenues. If actual market conditions are less favorable than our assumptions, we may be required to take additional write-downs, which could adversely impact our cost of revenues and operating results.
Income taxes
We follow the liability method of accounting for income taxes which requires recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequence of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. We recognize valuation allowances to reduce any deferred tax assets to the amount that we estimate will more likely than not be realized based on available evidence and managements judgment. We limit the deferred tax assets recognized related to certain of our officers compensation to amounts that we estimate will be deductible in future periods based upon Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m). In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with our expectations could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position.
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), which creates a single model to address accounting for uncertainty in tax positions by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48, which we adopted effective January 1, 2007, establishes a two-step approach for evaluating tax positions. The
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first step, recognition, occurs when a company concludes (based solely on the technical aspects of the tax matter) that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. The second step, measurement, is only considered after step one has been satisfied and measures any tax benefit at the largest amount that is deemed more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement of the uncertainty. Tax positions that fail to qualify for initial recognition are recognized in the first subsequent interim period that they meet the more likely than not standard, when they are resolved through negotiation or litigation with the taxing authority or upon the expiration of the statute of limitations. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws and regulations themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, evolution of regulations and court rulings. Therefore, the actual liability for U.S. or foreign taxes may be materially different from our estimates, which could result in the need to record additional tax liabilities or potentially to reverse previously recorded tax liabilities.
Goodwill and intangible assets
On December 31, 2007 we recorded goodwill in the amount of $1.8 million as a result of our acquisition of Potentia Semiconductor Corporation. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or as other indicators exist for a potential impairment. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 require that we perform a two-step impairment test. In the first step, we compare the implied fair value of our single reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of our reporting unit exceeds the carrying amount no impairment adjustment is required. If the carrying amount of our reporting unit exceeds the fair value, step two is completed to measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss, if any exists. If the carrying value of our single reporting units goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we record an impairment loss equal to the difference, but not in excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill.
SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. We review long-lived assets, such as acquired intangibles and property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability of assets to be held and used by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimate undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. We would present assets to be disposed of separately in the balance sheet and would report the assets at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and would no longer depreciate the assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale. In the three months ended March 31, 2009, we have no impairment of long-lived assets nor any assets held for disposal.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated.
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Net revenues |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||
Cost of revenues |
48.0 | 45.8 | ||||
Gross profit |
52.0 | 54.2 | ||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||
Research and development |
19.2 | 14.9 | ||||
Sales and marketing |
15.4 | 14.3 | ||||
General and administrative |
14.1 | 11.0 | ||||
Total operating expenses |
48.7 | 40.2 | ||||
Income from operations |
3.3 | 14.0 | ||||
Total other income, net |
2.0 | 3.9 | ||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
5.3 | 17.9 | ||||
Provision for income taxes |
4.3 | 4.0 | ||||
Net income |
1.0 | % | 13.9 | % | ||
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Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
Net revenues. Net revenues consist of revenues from product sales, which are calculated net of returns and allowances, plus license fees and royalties paid to us by Panasonic. Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $40.3 million compared to $51.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, a decrease of $11.5 million, or 22%. The decrease was primarily a consequence of the global economic downturn, which has reduced demand for our products and the end products that incorporate them. Revenues from each of our major product families and each of our four major end market categories, communications, consumer, computer and industrial, were significantly lower compared to the first quarter of 2008.
Our net revenue mix by product family for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2008 was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
Product Family |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
TinySwitch |
46 | % | 44 | % | ||
TOPSwitch |
23 | % | 25 | % | ||
LinkSwitch |
29 | % | 29 | % | ||
Other |
2 | % | 2 | % |
Approximate revenue mix by end markets served for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2008:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
End Market |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
Consumer |
34 | % | 34 | % | ||
Communication |
33 | % | 34 | % | ||
Computer |
15 | % | 15 | % | ||
Industrial |
18 | % | 17 | % |
International sales, defined as sales outside of the Americas based on ship to customer locations, were $38.3 million in the first quarter of 2009 compared to $49.6 million for the same period in 2008, a decrease of approximately $11.3 million. International sales represented 95% of net revenues in the first quarter of 2009 compared to 96% in the comparable period of 2008. Although the power supplies incorporating our products are designed and distributed to end markets worldwide, most of these power supplies are manufactured in Asia. As a result, sales to this region were 81% and 79% of our net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Net product sales for the first quarter of 2009 were 67% to distributors and 33% to OEMs and power supply merchants, compared to 62% and 38% respectively for the first quarter of 2008. Two customers, both distributors of our products, accounted for 16% and 11% of net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2009. In the three months ended March 31, 2008 one customer, also a distributor of our products, accounted for 12% of net revenues. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of our revenues in the periods mentioned.
Customer demand for our products can change quickly and unexpectedly. Our customers perceive that our products are readily available and typically order only for their short-term needs. Our revenue levels are highly dependent on the amount of new orders that are received for which product can be delivered by us within the same period. Orders that are booked and shipped within the same period are called turns business. Because of the uncertainty of customer demand, and the short lead-time environment and high level of turns business, it is difficult to predict future levels of revenues and profitability.
Cost of revenues and gross profit. Gross profit is equal to net revenues less cost of revenues. Our cost of revenues consists primarily of costs associated with the purchase of silicon wafers from our foundries, the assembly and packaging of our products by various sub-contractors, internal labor and overhead associated with the testing of wafers
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and packaged components, and testing of packaged components by various sub-contractors. The decrease in cost of revenues from the first quarter in 2009 compared to the same period in 2008 was due to the decline on our product revenue. The table below compares gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 40.3 | $ | 51.8 | ||||
Gross profit |
$ | 20.9 | $ | 28.1 | ||||
Gross profit as a % of net revenue |
52.0 | % | 54.2 | % |
The decrease in our gross profit margin in the first quarter of 2009 was primarily the result of lower fixed-cost absorption resulting from a decrease in production volumes, reflecting reduced demand for our products, partially offset by the benefit from the sales of $0.5 million of previously reserved inventory.
Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses (including stock-based compensation), expensed engineering material and facility costs associated with the development of new processes and new products. We also expense prototype wafers related to new products until we release these products to production. The table below compares R&D expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 40.3 | $ | 51.8 | ||||
R&D expenses |
$ | 7.7 | $ | 7.8 | ||||
R&D expenses as a % of net revenue |
19.2 | % | 14.9 | % |
R&D expenses were down slightly in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the first quarter of 2008, driven primarily by a reduction of $0.2 million in spending related to outside and professional services and $0.2 million in employee bonus expenses, as well as general expense-reduction efforts. These decreases were partially offset by higher stock-based compensation expenses, which totaled $1.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The increase in stock-based compensation expenses was a consequence of the modification of our employee stock purchase plan (see Note 3 of the above notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements), which resulted in $0.9 million in expenses that would otherwise have been recognized in future quarters. This impact was partially offset by the effect of our repurchase of certain underwater stock options via a tender offer in December 2008. We expect R&D expenses to remain approximately flat to slightly down for the remainder of 2009, but these expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of our net revenues.
Sales and marketing expenses. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses (including stock-based compensation), related to sales, application-support, marketing and customer service personnel, as well as commissions to sales representatives, expenses for advertising and promotional activities, and facilities expenses, including expenses associated with our regional sales offices and support offices. The table below compares sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 40.3 | $ | 51.8 | ||||
Sales and marketing expenses |
$ | 6.2 | $ | 7.4 | ||||
Sales and marketing expenses as a % of net revenue |
15.4 | % | 14.3 | % |
The decrease in sales and marketing expenses in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the first quarter of 2008 was driven primarily by a reduction of approximately $0.5 million in bonus, commission and salary expenses, as well as general expense-reduction efforts and lower stock-based compensation expenses as a result of the tender offer described above. Total stock-based compensation expenses included in sales and marketing expenses were $1.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with $1.3 million in the year-earlier period. The impact of the tender offer was partially offset by the effect of the
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modification of our ESPP (as described above), which resulted in $0.4 million in stock-based compensation expenses in the first quarter that would otherwise have been recognized in future quarters. We expect sales and marketing expenses to remain approximately flat to slightly down for the remainder of 2009, but these expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of our net revenues.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative (G&A) expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses including stock-based compensation for administration, finance, human resources and general management, as well as consulting fees, legal fees and audit and tax services. The table below compares G&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 40.3 | $ | 51.8 | ||||
G&A expenses |
$ | 5.7 | $ | 5.7 | ||||
G&A expenses as a % of net revenue |
14.1 | % | 11.0 | % |
G&A expenses remained flat period-over-period, as reduced expenses related patent litigation of $0.2 million, and bonuses of $0.1 million were offset by increased bad debt expenses of $0.2 million, reflecting a credit received in the first quarter of 2008 due to a change in estimate in the bad debt reserve, and due to slightly higher stock-based compensation expenses. Total stock-based compensation expenses included in G&A expenses were $1.0 million and $0.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The increase in stock-based compensation expense reflected above-described modification of our ESPP, which resulted in $0.3 million of expense in the first quarter of 2009 that would otherwise have been recognized in future periods. We expect G&A expenses to remain flat for the remainder of 2009; however, patent-litigation expenses, which are difficult to forecast, may cause some fluctuation in the level of G&A expenses.
Other income, net. Other income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents and short and long-term investments. The table below compares other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 40.3 | $ | 51.8 | ||||
Other income, net |
$ | 0.8 | $ | 2.0 | ||||
Other income, net as a % of net revenue |
2.0 | % | 3.9 | % |
Other income, net, for the first quarter of 2009 was $0.8 million compared to $2.0 million for the same period in 2008. The reduction was driven by a decrease in interest income reflecting lower balances of cash and investments as well as a decrease in interest rates earned on such balances.
Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes represents federal, state and foreign taxes. The provision for income taxes was $1.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 compared to $2.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2008. Our effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were 81% and 22% respectively. The difference between the expected statutory rate of 35% and our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2009 was primarily due to recent California budget legislation which resulted in the company reducing the value of its state deferred tax assets by $0.3 million and recording an income tax provision of $0.8 million to establish a valuation allowance to reserve previously recorded net tax benefits from California tax credits. This was partially offset by the geographic distribution of our world-wide earnings. The difference between the expected statutory rate of 35% and our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2008 was due primarily to the geographic distribution of our world-wide earnings.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2009, we had $152.0 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments (including $0.3 million of restricted cash), a decrease of approximately $23.1 million from $175.1 million as of December 31, 2008. As of March 31, 2009, we had working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, of $192.1 million, a decrease of approximately $8.9 million from $201.0 million as of December 31, 2008.
Our operating activities generated cash of $1.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2009, driven primarily by net income of $0.4 million, which included the impact of non-cash depreciation and amortization expenses and stock-based compensation expenses totaling $2.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively. These sources of cash were partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable, which resulted in a $5.0 million use of cash. The increase in accounts receivable primarily reflected the timing of sales, as sales strengthened in the latter part of the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
Our operating activities generated cash of $9.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2008, driven primarily by net income of $7.2 million, which included the impact of non-cash depreciation and amortization expenses and stock-based compensation expenses totaling $2.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively. These sources of cash were partially offset by increases in accounts receivable and inventories, which resulted in uses of cash totaling $3.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively. The increase in accounts receivable primarily reflected the timing of sales, as sales strengthened in the latter part of the quarter ended March 31, 2008, resulting in relatively higher accounts receivable at the end of the period, whereas sales were relatively weaker in the latter part of the prior quarter, resulting in lower receivables at the end of that period. The increase in inventories reflects an increase in production in anticipation of increasing sales in future periods.
Our investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2009 consisted primarily of net expenditures of $1.5 million, consisting of $1.8 million for purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by net proceeds of $0.2 million on the sale of held-to-maturity investments. Our investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2008 consisted of net proceeds of $70.5 million on the sale of held-to-maturity investments, partially offset by $2.7 million for purchases of property and equipment.
We used $23.2 million for financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2009. In October 2008 our board authorized $50.0 million to be used for the repurchase of our common stock. In the three months ended March 31, 2009 we purchased 906,390 shares for $17.6 million, concluding this repurchase program. Cash used for financing activities also included $9.0 million for payments to employees for a tender offer announced in December 2008, and the use of $0.7 million for the payment of dividends to stockholders. Offsetting these uses of cash were receipts of approximately $4.1 million for the issuance of common stock through the exercise of stock options and purchases through our employee stock purchase plan.
We intend to pay dividends on a quarterly basis through the end of 2009, which are expected to result in a similar use of cash for each of the four quarters. The declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination that cash dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders.
Our financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 included the use of $5.5 million for the repurchase of common stock, partially off-set by receipts of approximately $5.4 million comprised of the issuance of common stock through the exercise of stock options of $4.1 million, and purchases through our employee stock purchase plan of $1.3 million.
As of March 31, 2009, we had contingent tax liabilities of $21.0 million, compared to $20.7 million as of December 31, 2008. The settlement period for our income tax liabilities cannot be determined; however, they are not expected to be due within the next twelve months. We will continue to accrue for uncertain tax positions during 2009 using the effective tax rate.
There were no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business in our contractual commitments reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
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Our restricted cash balance of $0.3 million at March 31, 2009 consisted of an interest-bearing certificate of deposit at the Union Bank of California. We entered into a security agreement with the bank, whereby the bank agreed to maintain $0.3 million in an interest-bearing certificate of deposit. The certificate of deposit is restricted based on the banks requirement that we maintain a restricted cash account in order to secure commercial letters of credit or standby letters of credit up to the deposit amount. As of March 31, 2009, there were two outstanding letters of credit totaling approximately $0.2 million. This CD agreement remains in effect until cancellation of our letters of credit.
If our operating results deteriorate during the remainder of 2009, either as a result of a decrease in customer demand, or severe pricing pressures from our customers or our competitors, or for other reasons, our ability to generate positive cash flow from operations may be jeopardized. In that case, we may be forced to use our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, or seek financing from third parties to fund our operations. We believe that cash generated from operations, together with existing sources of liquidity, will satisfy our projected working capital and other cash requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) issued FASB staff position, or FSP, 132(R)-1, Employers Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets (FSP SFAS 132(R)-1). FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 requires additional disclosures about assets held in an employers defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009 and will be adopted by us in the first quarter of fiscal 2010. We do not expect the adoption of FSP SFAS 132(R)-1 to have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
On January 1, 2009, we adopted the following accounting pronouncements:
February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157. This staff position granted a one year deferral for non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, at least annually, to comply with SFAS No. 157. There was no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of FSP SFAS No. 157-2. See note 13 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the disclosures required by SFAS No. 157.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, (SFAS 141R). SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and was adopted by us in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161). This standard amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, by requiring expanded disclosure about an entitys derivative instruments and hedging activities, but does not change the scope or accounting for Statement No. 133. SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative, quantitative and credit-risk disclosures. Required qualitative disclosures include 1) how and why an entity is using derivative instruments or hedging activity, 2) how an entity is accounting for its derivative instruments and hedging items under SFAS No. 133, and 3) how the instruments affect an entitys financial position, financial performance and cash flow. The qualitative disclosure should include information about the fair value of the derivative instruments, including gains and losses. Credit-risk disclosures should include information about the existence and nature of credit risk related contingent features included in derivative instruments. SFAS No. 161 also amends SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Assets, to clarify that derivative instruments are subject to SFAS No. 107s concentration-of-credit-risk disclosures. SFAS No. 161 was effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, and was adopted by us in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 161.
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In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (SFAS 162). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (the GAAP hierarchy). SFAS No. 162 became effective November 2008. There was no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 162.
In May 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position (FSP) Accounting Principles Board (APB) 14-1 Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (FSP APB 14-1). FSP APB 14-1 requires the issuer of certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (or other assets) on conversion to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components of the instrument in a manner that reflects the issuers non-convertible debt borrowing rate. FSP APB 14-1 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and was adopted by us in the first quarter of 2009. There was no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of FSP APB 14-1.
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. |
There has not been a material change in our exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risks from that described in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We consider cash invested in highly liquid financial instruments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Investments in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities greater than three months but not longer than twelve months from the balance sheet date are classified as short-term investments. Investments in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities greater than twelve months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term investments. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio to manage our interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, or for any other purpose. We invest in high-credit quality issuers and, by policy, limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in our policy, we seek to ensure the safety and preservation of our invested principal funds by limiting default risk, market risk and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in safe and high-credit quality securities and by constantly positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer, guarantor or depository. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to facilitate portfolio liquidity. We do not hold any instruments for trading purposes. At March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we held primarily cash equivalents and short-term investments with fixed interest rates and with maturity dates of less than twelve months.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk. We transact business in various foreign countries. Our primary foreign currency cash flows are in Asia and Western Europe and involve contracts with two of our suppliers (Panasonic and OKI). Currently, we do not employ a foreign currency hedge program utilizing foreign currency forward exchange contracts; however, the contract prices to purchase wafers from Panasonic and OKI are denominated in Japanese yen and both agreements allow for mutual sharing of the impact of the exchange rate fluctuation between Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. One of our other major suppliers, Epson, contracts prices to purchase wafers in U.S. dollars, however, the agreement with Epson also allows for mutual sharing of the impact of the exchange rate fluctuation between Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. Nevertheless, changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen could subject our gross profit and operating results to the potential for material fluctuations.
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. |
Limitation on Effectiveness of Controls
Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance as to the tested objectives. The design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. The inherent limitations in any control system include the realities that judgments related to decision-making can be faulty, and that reduced effectiveness in controls can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Due to the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error may occur and may not be detected.
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Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this report (the Evaluation Date). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information relating to us, including our consolidated subsidiaries, required to be disclosed in our SEC reports (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2009, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
On October 20, 2004, we filed a complaint against Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. and Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation (referred to collectively as Fairchild) in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. In our complaint, we alleged that Fairchild has and is infringing four of Power Integrations patents pertaining to PWM integrated circuit devices. Fairchild denied infringement and asked for a declaration from the court that it does not infringe any Power Integration patent and that the patents are invalid. The Court issued a claim construction order on March 31, 2006 which was favorable to us. The Court set a first trial on the issues of infringement, willfulness and damages for October 2, 2006. At the close of the first trial, on October 10, 2006, the jury returned a verdict in our favor finding all asserted claims of all four patents-in-suit to be willfully infringed by Fairchild and awarding $33,981,781 in damages. Although the jury awarded damages, at this stage of the proceedings we cannot state the amount, if any, which it might ultimately recovered from Fairchild, and no benefits have been recorded in our consolidated financial statements as a result of the damages award. Fairchild also raised defenses contending that the asserted patents are invalid or unenforceable, and the court held a second trial on these issues beginning on September 17, 2007. On September 21, 2007, the jury returned a verdict in our favor, affirming the validity of the asserted claims of all four patents-in-suit. Fairchild submitted further materials on the issue of enforceability along with various other post-trial motions, and we filed post-trial motions seeking a permanent injunction and increased damages and attorneys fees, among other things. On September 24, 2008, the Court denied Fairchilds motion regarding enforceability and ruled that all four patents are enforceable. On December 12, 2008, the Court ruled on the remaining post-trial motions, including granting a permanent injunction, reducing the damages award to $6,116,720, granting Fairchild a new trial on the issue of willful infringement in view of an intervening change in the law, and denying our motion for increased damages and attorneys fees with leave to renew the motion after the resolution of the issue of willful infringement. The District Court thereafter set a schedule for resolving the issue of willful infringement in a short bench trial to begin on June 22, 2009. On December 22, 2008, at Fairchilds request, the Court temporarily stayed the permanent injunction for 90 days to permit Fairchild to petition the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals for a further stay. On January 12, 2009, Fairchild filed a notice of appeal challenging the Courts refusal to enter a more permanent stay of the injunction, and Fairchild filed additional motions requesting that both the Federal Circuit and the District Court extend the stay of injunction. The District Court temporarily extended the stay pending the Federal Circuit ruling on Fairchilds pending motion to stay. On May 5, 2009, Fairchild filed another motion asking the District Court to reconsider its prior denials of their request to stay the injunction, which the Company opposes.
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On May 9, 2005, we filed a Complaint against System General Corporation with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) under section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, 19 U.S.C. section 1337. We filed a supplement to the complaint on May 24, 2005. We alleged infringement of its patents pertaining to pulse width modulation (PWM) integrated circuit devices produced by System General, which are used in power conversion applications such as power supplies for computer monitors. The Commission instituted an investigation on June 8, 2005 in response to our complaint. System General filed a response to the ITC complaint asserting that the patents-in-suit were invalid and not infringed. We subsequently and voluntarily narrowed the number of patents and claims in suit, which proceeded to a hearing. The hearing on the investigation was held before the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) from January 18 to January 24, 2006. Post-hearing briefs were submitted and briefing concluded February 24, 2006. The ALJs initial determination was issued on May 15, 2006. The ALJ found all remaining asserted claims valid and infringed, and recommended the exclusion of the infringing products as well as certain downstream products that contain the infringing products. After further briefing, on June 30, 2006 the Commission decided not to review the initial determination on liability, but did invite briefs on remedy, bonding and the public interest. On August 11, 2006 the Commission issued an order excluding from entry into the United States the infringing System General PWM chips, and any LCD computer monitors, AC printer adapters and sample/demonstration circuit boards containing an infringing System General chip. The U.S. Customs Service is authorized to enforce the exclusion order. On October 11, 2006, the presidential review period expired without any action from the President, and the ITC exclusion order is now in full effect. System General appealed the ITC decision, and on November 19, 2007, the Federal Circuit affirmed the ITCs findings in all respects. On October 27, 2008, System General filed a petition to modify the exclusion order in view of a recent Federal Circuit opinion in an unrelated case, and we responded to oppose any modification, but the Commission modified the exclusion order on February 27, 2009. Nevertheless, the exclusion order still prohibits System General and related entities from importing the infringing System General chips and any LCD computer monitors, AC printer adapters, and sample/demonstration circuit boards containing an infringing System General chip.
On June 14, 2007, we filed a complaint for patent infringement in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, against Shanghai SIM-BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited, a Chinese company, and its U.S. sister corporation, BCD Semiconductor Corporation (referred to collectively as BCD). Our complaint alleged that certain integrated circuits produced by BCD infringe certain of our patents, seeking, among other things, an order enjoining BCD from infringing on its patents and an award for damages resulting from the alleged infringement. We voluntarily dismissed the California case against BCD on October 15, 2007 and filed a substantially identical complaint against BCD in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware on October 15, 2007. On January 21, 2008, BCD moved to dismiss the Delaware action for lack of personal jurisdiction in favor of a declaratory judgment action it filed against Power Integrations on the same patents in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, discussed in further detail below. On September 9, 2008, the Court denied BCDs motion to dismiss, and BCD answered our complaint on September 19, 2008, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Power Integrations patent and that the patents are invalid and unenforceable. The parties held a mediation session with the Court on January 30, 2009 and subsequently entered into a settlement agreement in February 2009. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Court entered an order prohibiting BCD from manufacturing or selling the products involved in the lawsuit in the United States or from selling such products for use in end products destined for the U.S. market.
On March 23, 2008, we filed a complaint against Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc., Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, and Fairchilds wholly-owned subsidiary System General Corporation (referred to collectively as Fairchild) in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. In the complaint, we alleged that Fairchild has and is infringing three patents pertaining to power supply controller integrated circuit devices. Fairchild answered our complaint on November 7, 2008, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Power Integrations patent and that the patents are invalid and unenforceable. Fairchilds answer also included counterclaims accusing us of infringing three patents pertaining to primary side power conversion integrated circuit devices. Fairchild had earlier brought these same claims in a separate suit against us, also in Delaware, which Fairchild dismissed in favor of adding its claims to our already pending suit against Fairchild. We answered Fairchilds counterclaims, denying infringement and asking for a declaration from the Court that it does not infringe any Fairchild patent and that the Fairchild patents are invalid. Fairchild also filed a motion to stay the case, but the Court denied that motion on December 19, 2008, and discovery is under way. On March 5, 2009, Fairchild filed a motion for summary judgment to preclude any recovery for post-verdict sales of parts found to infringe in the parties other ongoing litigation, described above, and we filed our opposition and a cross-motion to preclude Fairchild from re-litigating the issues of infringement and damages for those same products. The Court will address these motions in the coming months.
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The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) recently completed its audit of our 2002 and 2003 tax returns. We were unable to reach an agreement with the IRS on the adjustment it proposed for those years with respect to our research and development cost-sharing arrangement. We agreed to rollover this disputed issue into the audit of our tax returns for fiscal years 2004 through 2006 which is now in progress, in order to allow the IRS to further evaluate multiple year data related to our research and development cost-sharing arrangement.
On July 4, 2008 Azzurri Technology GmbH (in the following referred to as Azzurri) filed a complaint in the amount of EUR 1,247,832.07 plus interest against us in the Regional Court Munich I (Germany). We received this complaint on or about September 16, 2008. In its complaint, Azzurri, our former distributor and agent of our products in Germany and Austria, alleged that pursuant to mandatory European law it is entitled to a compensation claim in said amount following the termination of the distributor agreement by us even though the distribution agreement did not provide for such payment. In its written pleading we have denied such claims. The legal proceeding, which had been paused by the Regional Court in Munich pending the merger of Azzurri with AVNET EMG GmbH, will move forward. On June 18, 2009, the Regional Court in Munich will hold the first oral hearing.
There can be no assurance that we will prevail in the litigation with Fairchild or Azzurri. This litigation, whether or not determined in our favor or settled, will be costly and will divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel from normal business operations, potentially causing a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and operating results. In addition, we are unable to predict the outcome of the other legal proceedings and matters described above. Adverse determinations in litigation could result in monetary losses, the loss of proprietary rights, subject us to significant liabilities, require Power Integrations to seek licenses from third parties or prevent us from licensing the technology, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
We are also subject to a variety of other claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. These matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and managements view of these matters may change in the future and could result in charges that would have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
In addition to the other information in this report, the following factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our business before purchasing shares of our stock. These risk factors have not changed substantively from those discussed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Our quarterly operating results are volatile and difficult to predict. If we fail to meet the expectations of public market analysts or investors, the market price of our common stock may decrease significantly. Our net revenues and operating results have varied significantly in the past, are difficult to forecast, are subject to numerous factors both within and outside of our control, and may fluctuate significantly in the future. As a result, our quarterly operating results could fall below the expectations of public market analysts or investors. If that occurs, the price of our stock may decline.
Some of the factors that could affect our operating results include the following:
| the volume and timing of orders received from customers; |
| competitive pressures on selling prices; |
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| the demand for our products declining in the major end markets we serve, which may occur due to competitive factors or to the economic environment, including the current economic downturn and the credit crisis (which has caused our revenues to decrease); |
| we are being audited by the Internal Revenue Service, which is asserting that we owe additional taxes relating to a number of items; |
| the inability to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights; |
| fluctuations in exchange rates, particularly the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen; |
| the volume and timing of orders placed by us with our wafer foundries and assembly subcontractors; |
| continued impact of recently enacted changes in securities laws and regulations, including potential risks resulting from our evaluation of internal controls under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; |
| expenses we incur related to stock-based compensation may increase if we are required to change our assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model; |
| expenses we are required to incur (or choose to incur) in connection with our intellectual property litigation against Fairchild Semiconductor and others; |
| the licensing of our intellectual property to one of our wafer foundries; |
| the lengthy timing of our sales cycle; |
| undetected defects and failures in meeting the exact specifications required by our products; |
| reliance on international sales activities for a substantial portion of our net revenues; |
| our ability to develop and bring to market new products and technologies on a timely basis; |
| the ability of our products to penetrate additional markets; |
| attraction and retention of qualified personnel; |
| changes in environmental laws and regulations; and |
| earthquakes, terrorists acts or other disasters. |
We do not have long-term contracts with any of our customers and if they fail to place, or if they cancel or reschedule orders for our products, our operating results and our business may suffer. Our business is characterized by short-term customer orders and shipment schedules. Our customer base is highly concentrated, and a relatively small number of distributors, OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers account for a significant portion of our revenues. Our top ten customers, including distributors, accounted for 65% and 60% of our net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2008, respectively. The ordering patterns of some of our existing large customers have been unpredictable in the past and we expect that customer-ordering patterns will continue to be unpredictable in the future. Not only does the volume of units ordered by particular customers vary substantially from period to period, but also purchase orders received from particular customers often vary substantially from early oral estimates provided by those customers for planning purposes. In addition, customer orders can be canceled or rescheduled without significant penalty to the customer. In the past we have experienced customer cancellations of substantial orders for reasons beyond our control, and significant cancellations could occur again at any time.
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Intense competition in the high-voltage power supply industry may lead to a decrease in our average selling price and reduced sales volume of our products. The high-voltage power supply industry is intensely competitive and characterized by significant price sensitivity. Our products face competition from alternative technologies, such as linear transformers, discrete switcher power supplies, and other integrated and hybrid solutions. If the price of competing solutions decreases significantly, the cost effectiveness of our products will be adversely affected. If power requirements for applications in which our products are currently utilized go outside the cost-effective range of our products, some of these alternative technologies can be used more cost effectively. In addition, as our patents expire, our competitors could legally begin using the technology covered by the expired patents in their products, potentially increasing the performance of their products and/or decreasing the cost of their products, which may enable our competitors to compete more effectively. Our current patents may or may not inhibit our competitors from getting any benefit from an expired patent. Our U.S. patents have expiration dates ranging from 2009 to 2027. We cannot assure that our products will continue to compete favorably or that we will be successful in the face of increasing competition from new products and enhancements introduced by existing competitors or new companies entering this market. We believe our failure to compete successfully in the high-voltage power supply business, including our ability to introduce new products with higher average selling prices, would materially harm our operating results.
If demand for our products declines in our major end markets, our net revenues will decrease. A limited number of applications of our products, such as cellphone chargers, standby power supplies for PCs, and power supplies for home appliances comprise a significant percentage of our net revenues. We expect that a significant level of our net revenues and operating results will continue to be dependent upon these applications in the near term. The demand for these products has been highly cyclical and has been impacted by economic downturns in the past. Any economic slowdown in the end markets that we serve could cause a slowdown in demand for our ICs; for example, the current economic/credit crisis will have such an effect. We believe that the current economic climate is the principal reason why our revenues declined in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the first quarter of 2008. When our customers are not successful in maintaining high levels of demand for their products, their demand for our ICs decreases, which adversely affects our operating results. Any significant downturn in demand in these markets would cause our net revenues to decline and could cause the price of our stock to fall.
We are being audited by the Internal Revenue Service which is asserting that we owe additional taxes relating to a number of items, and if we are not successful in defending our position we may be obligated to pay additional taxes, as well as penalties and interest, and may also have a higher effective income tax rate in the future. Our operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions and to review or audit by the IRS and state, local and foreign tax authorities. In connection with an IRS audit of our United States Federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2002 and 2003, the IRS proposed a material adjustment related to our research and development cost-sharing arrangement. We are disputing the proposed adjustment, but at the request of the IRS, we agreed to rollover the disputed proposed adjustment into the audit of our United States Federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2004 through 2006, which are currently under audit. While the IRS has not completed its audit for these years, we anticipate that it will again propose an adjustment related to our research and development cost-sharing arrangement. Resolution of this matter could take considerable time, possibly years.
We believe the IRSs position with respect to the proposed adjustment related to our research and development cost-sharing arrangement is inconsistent with applicable tax law, and that we have a meritorious defense to our position. Accordingly, we intend to continue to challenge the IRSs position on this matter vigorously. While we believe the IRSs asserted position on this matter is not supported by applicable law, we may be required to make additional payments in order to resolve this matter. If this matter is litigated and the IRS is able to successfully sustain its position, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
If we are unable to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we could lose market share, incur costly litigation expenses, suffer incremental price erosion or lose valuable assets, any of which could harm our operations and negatively impact our profitability. Our success depends upon our ability to continue our technological innovation and protect our intellectual property, including patents, trade secrets, copyrights, and know-how. We are currently engaged in litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, and associated expenses have been, and are expected to remain, material and have adversely affected our operating results. We cannot assure that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property will be adequate to prevent misappropriation, or that others will not develop competitive technologies or products. From time to time we have received, and we may receive in the future, communications alleging possible infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights of others. Costly litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend us against claimed infringement. The failure to obtain necessary licenses and other rights, and/or litigation arising out of infringement claims could cause us to lose market share and harm our business.
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As our patents expire, we will lose intellectual property protection previously afforded by those patents. Additionally, the laws of some foreign countries in which our technology is or may in the future be licensed may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, thus limiting the protections applicable to our technology.
Fluctuations in exchange rates, particularly the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen, may impact our gross margin. The contract prices to purchase wafers from Panasonic and OKI are denominated in Japanese yen, and the contract prices to purchase wafers from Epson is denominated in U.S. dollars. The agreements with these three vendors allow for mutual sharing of the impact of the exchange rate fluctuation between Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. Nevertheless, changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen could subject our gross profit and operating results to the potential for material fluctuations.
We depend on third-party suppliers to provide us with wafers for our products and if they fail to provide us sufficient wafers, our business may suffer. We have supply arrangements for the production of wafers with Panasonic, OKI, XFAB and Epson. Our contracts with these suppliers expire in June 2010, April 2013, December 2009 and December 2010, respectively. Although certain aspects of our relationships with Panasonic, OKI (purchased by Rohm Co. of Japan as of October 1, 2008), XFAB and Epson are contractual, many important aspects of these relationships depend on their continued cooperation. We cannot assure that we will continue to work successfully with Panasonic, OKI, XFAB and Epson in the future, and that the wafer foundries capacity will meet our needs. Additionally, one or more of these wafer foundries could seek an early termination of our wafer supply agreements. Any serious disruption in the supply of wafers from OKI, Panasonic, XFAB or Epson could harm our business. We estimate that it would take nine to 18 months from the time we identified an alternate manufacturing source to produce wafers with acceptable manufacturing yields in sufficient quantities to meet our needs.
Although we provide our foundries with rolling forecasts of our production requirements, their ability to provide wafers to us is ultimately limited by the available capacity of the wafer foundry. Any reduction in wafer foundry capacity available to us could require us to pay amounts in excess of contracted or anticipated amounts for wafer deliveries or require us to make other concessions to meet our customers requirements. Any of these concessions could harm our business.
If our third-party suppliers and independent subcontractors do not produce our wafers and assemble our finished products at acceptable yields, our net revenues may decline. We depend on independent foundries to produce wafers, and independent subcontractors to assemble and test finished products, at acceptable yields and to deliver them to us in a timely manner. The failure of the foundries to supply us wafers at acceptable yields could prevent us from selling our products to our customers and would likely cause a decline in our net revenues. In addition, our IC assembly process requires our manufacturers to use a high-voltage molding compound that has been available from only one supplier. In December 2006, an alternative molding compound, made by a different supplier was qualified for use on our highest volume package type. These compounds and their specified processing conditions require a more exacting level of process control than normally required for standard IC packages. Unavailability of assembly materials or problems with the assembly process can materially adversely affect yields, timely delivery and cost to manufacture. We may not be able to maintain acceptable yields in the future.
In addition, if prices for commodities used in our products increase significantly, raw materials costs of our suppliers would increase and could result in increased product costs our suppliers charge us. If we are not able to pass these costs on to our customers, this would have an adverse effect on our gross margins.
Securities laws and regulations, including potential risk resulting from our evaluation of internal controls under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, will continue to impact our results. Complying with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and NASDAQs conditions for continued listing have imposed significant legal and financial compliance costs, and are expected to continue to impose significant costs and management burden on us. These rules and regulations also may make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These rules and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified executive officers and members of our board of directors, particularly qualified members to serve on our audit committee.
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Additionally, because these laws, regulations and standards promulgated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are subject to varying interpretations, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance becomes available. This evolution may result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and additional costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to our disclosure and governance practices.
Changes in assumptions used for our Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R), calculation may increase our stock-based compensation expense. We determine the value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes model. This model requires that we make certain assumptions, including an estimate of our expected life of stock options. Historically we have used the simplified method, in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin 107, or SAB 107, to calculate the expected life of stock option grants. This method assumes all options will be exercised midway between the vesting date and the contractual term of the option. Effective January 1, 2008, we have developed a model which uses historical exercise, cancelled and outstanding option data to calculate the expected life of stock option grants. As a result of our analysis, the expected life based on the historical trends yielded a decrease in the expected life for 2008 (which had the effect of decreasing the estimated fair value of stock options granted during 2008). However, as the company is required to continually analyze the data, option holders exercise behavior will have an impact on the outcome of the expected life analysis and, therefore, may result in substantially higher stock-based compensation expenses. These changes in assumptions may have a material adverse effect on our GAAP operating results and could harm our stock price.
If we do not prevail in our litigation against Fairchild Semiconductor and System General, we will have expended significant financial resources, potentially without any benefit, and may also suffer the loss of rights to use certain technologies. We are involved in patent litigation with Fairchild Semiconductor and its wholly-owned subsidiary, System General, and the outcome of this litigation is uncertain. See Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings. While Fairchild has been found to infringe four of our patents, and those patents have been found valid by a jury and enforceable by the Court, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining financial damages or injunctive relief against infringing products. Moreover, should we ultimately lose on Fairchild and System Generals counterclaims for patent infringement, or if an injunction is issued against us while an appeal is pending on those claims, such result could have an adverse impact on our ability to sell products found to be infringing, either directly or indirectly. In the event of an adverse outcome, we may be required to pay substantial damages, stop our manufacture, use, sale, or importation of infringing products, or obtain licenses to the intellectual property we are found to have infringed. We have also incurred, and expect to continue to incur, significant legal costs in conducting these lawsuits, and our involvement in this litigation and any future intellectual property litigation could adversely affect sales and divert the efforts and attention of our technical and management personnel, whether or not such litigation is resolved in our favor. Thus, even if we are successful in these lawsuits, the benefits of this success may fail to outweigh the significant legal costs we will have incurred.
Panasonic has licenses to our technology, which it may use to our detriment. Pursuant to a Technology Agreement with Panasonic, which expired in June 2005, Panasonic has the perpetual right to manufacture and sell products that incorporate our technology to Japanese companies worldwide and to subsidiaries of Japanese companies located in Asia. Panasonic does not have rights to utilize technology developed by us after June 2005, when the agreement expired. According to the expired Technology Agreement, we will continue to receive royalties on Panasonics sales through June 2009 at a reduced rate. Royalty revenues were less than 2% of total net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2008. However, these royalties are substantially lower than the gross profit we receive on direct sales, and we cannot assure that Panasonic will not use the technology rights to continue to develop and market competing products.
Because the sales cycle for our products can be lengthy, we may incur substantial expenses before we generate significant revenues, if any. Our products are generally incorporated into a customers products at the design stage. However, customer decisions to use our products, commonly referred to as design wins, can often require us to expend significant research and development and sales and marketing resources without any assurance of success. These significant research and development and sales and marketing resources often precede volume sales, if any, by a year or more. The value of any design win will largely depend upon the commercial success of the customers product. We cannot assure that we will continue to achieve design wins or that any design win will result in future revenues. If a customer decides at the design stage not to incorporate our products into its product, we may not have another opportunity for a design win with respect to that product for many months or years.
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Our products must meet exacting specifications, and undetected defects and failures may occur which may cause customers to return or stop buying our products. Our customers generally establish demanding specifications for quality, performance and reliability, and our products must meet these specifications. ICs as complex as those we sell often encounter development delays and may contain undetected defects or failures when first introduced or after commencement of commercial shipments. We have from time to time in the past experienced product quality, performance or reliability problems. If defects and failures occur in our products, we could experience lost revenue, increased costs, including warranty expense and costs associated with customer support and customer expenses, delays in or cancellations or rescheduling of orders or shipments and product returns or discounts, any of which would harm our operating results.
Our international sales activities account for a substantial portion of our net revenues, which subjects us to substantial risks. Sales to customers outside of the Americas account for, and have accounted for a large portion of our net revenues, including approximately 95% of our net revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 96% of our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008. If our international sales declined and we were unable to increase domestic sales, our revenues would decline and our operating results would be harmed. International sales involve a number of risks to us, including:
| potential insolvency of international distributors and representatives; |
| reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; |
| the impact of recessionary environments in economies outside the United States; |
| tariffs and other trade barriers and restrictions; |
| the burdens of complying with a variety of foreign and applicable U.S. Federal and state laws; and |
| foreign-currency exchange risk. |
Our failure to adequately address these risks could reduce our international sales and materially adversely affect our operating results. Furthermore, because substantially all of our foreign sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, increases in the value of the dollar cause the price of our products in foreign markets to rise, making our products more expensive relative to competing products priced in local currencies.
If our efforts to enhance existing products and introduce new products are not successful, we may not be able to generate demand for our products. Our success depends in significant part upon our ability to develop new ICs for high-voltage power conversion for existing and new markets, to introduce these products in a timely manner and to have these products selected for design into products of leading manufacturers. New product introduction schedules are subject to the risks and uncertainties that typically accompany development and delivery of complex technologies to the market place, including product development delays and defects. If we fail to develop and sell new products in a timely manner, our net revenues could decline.
In addition, we cannot be sure that we will be able to adjust to changing market demands as quickly and cost-effectively as necessary to compete successfully. Furthermore, we cannot assure that we will be able to introduce new products in a timely and cost-effective manner or in sufficient quantities to meet customer demand or that these products will achieve market acceptance. Our failure, or our customers failure, to develop and introduce new products successfully and in a timely manner would harm our business. In addition, customers may defer or return orders for existing products in response to the introduction of new products. Although we maintain reserves for potential customer returns, we cannot assure that these reserves will be adequate.
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If our products do not penetrate additional markets, our business will not grow as we expect. We believe that our future success depends in part upon our ability to penetrate additional markets for our products. We cannot assure that we will be able to overcome the marketing or technological challenges necessary to penetrate additional markets. To the extent that a competitor penetrates additional markets before we do, or takes market share from us in our existing markets, our net revenues and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
We must attract and retain qualified personnel to be successful and competition for qualified personnel is intense in our market. Our success depends to a significant extent upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key management and technical personnel, and on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, such as experienced analog design engineers and systems applications engineers. The competition for these employees is intense, particularly in Silicon Valley. The loss of the services of one or more of our engineers, executive officers or other key personnel could harm our business. In addition, if one or more of these individuals leaves our employ, and we are unable to quickly and efficiently replace those individuals with qualified personnel who can smoothly transition into their new roles, our business may suffer. We do not have long-term employment contracts with, and we do not have in place key person life insurance policies on, any of our employees.
Changes in environmental laws and regulations may increase our costs related to obsolete products in our existing inventory. Changing environmental regulations and the timetable to implement them continue to impact our customers demand for our products. As a result there could be an increase in our inventory obsolescence costs for products manufactured prior to our customers adoption of new regulations. Currently we have limited visibility into our customers strategies to implement these changing environmental regulations into their business. The inability to accurately determine our customers strategies could increase our inventory costs related to obsolescence.
In the event of an earthquake, terrorist act or other disaster, our operations may be interrupted and our business would be harmed. Our principal executive offices and operating facilities situated near San Francisco, California, and most of our major suppliers, which are wafer foundries and assembly houses, are located in areas that have been subject to severe earthquakes. Many of our suppliers are also susceptible to other disasters such as tropical storms, typhoons or tsunamis. In the event of a disaster, we or one or more of our major suppliers may be temporarily unable to continue operations and may suffer significant property damage. Any interruption in our ability or that of our major suppliers to continue operations at our facilities could delay the development and shipment of our products.
Like other U.S. companies, our business and operating results are subject to uncertainties arising out of economic consequences of current and potential military actions or terrorist activities and associated political instability, and the impact of heightened security concerns on domestic and international travel and commerce. These uncertainties could also lead to delays or cancellations of customer orders, a general decrease in corporate spending or our inability to effectively market and sell our products. Any of these results could substantially harm our business and results of operations, causing a decrease in our revenues.
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period |
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |
Average Price Paid Per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Repurchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions) | ||||||
January 1 to January 31, 2009 |
563,789 | $ | 19.06 | 563,789 | $ | 6.9 | ||||
February 1 to February 28, 2009 |
342,601 | $ | 20.05 | 342,601 | $ | | ||||
March 1 to March 31, 2009 |
| $ | | | $ | | ||||
Total |
906,390 | 906,390 |
(1) | In October 2008, we announced that our board of directors had authorized the use of up to $50 million for the repurchase of shares of our common stock. From the commencement of this program through March 31, 2009, we purchased 2.7 million shares of our common stock for approximately $50 million, including fees, concluding this repurchase program. |
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ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES |
None.
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
None.
ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS |
See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by reference here.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. | ||||||||
Dated: | May 6, 2009 | By: | /s/ BILL ROESCHLEIN | |||||
Bill Roeschlein | ||||||||
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT |
DESCRIPTION | |
3.1 |
Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 3.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 16, 1999, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
3.2 |
Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 3.3 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 22, 2002, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
3.3 |
Form of Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Terms of the Series A Preferred Stock filed as Exhibit A to the Form of Rights Agreement between us and BankBoston N.A., dated February 24, 1999. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K on March 12, 1999, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
3.4 |
Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K on November 9, 2007, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
3.5 |
Amended and Restated Bylaws. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K on November 9, 2007, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
4.1 |
Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 to 3.5. | |
10.1 |
Amendment number one to the Wafer Supply Agreement between Power Integrations International, Ltd. and Seiko Epson Corporation, with an effective date of December 19, 2008. | |
10.2 |
1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended through January 16, 2009). (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 2, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.)* | |
10.3 |
Amendment to Immediately Exercisable Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement between Power Integrations, Inc. and Balu Balakrishnan, dated February 2, 2009. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit
10.59 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 2, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.)* | |
10.4 |
Director Equity Compensation Program, as revised January 27, 2009. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.60 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 2, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.)* | |
10.5 |
Amendment Number Five to the Amended and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement between Power Integrations International, Ltd. and OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., dated November 14, 2008. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.61 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 2, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.) | |
10.6 |
Amendment No. 1 to the Power Integrations, Inc. 1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan, effective as of January 27, 2009. (As filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.62 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 2, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.)* | |
10.7 |
2009 Executive Officer Bonuses and 2009 Executive Compensation Arrangements (Described under Item 5.02 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on March 13, 2009, SEC File No. 000-23441.)* | |
10.8 |
Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2008, between Power Integrations, Inc. and Bill Roeschlein.* | |
10.9 |
Form of Director Option Grant Agreement. |
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31.1 |
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 |
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1 |
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.** | |
32.2 |
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.** |
All references in the table above to previously filed documents or descriptions are incorporating those documents and descriptions by reference thereto.
| This Exhibit has been filed separately with the Commission pursuant to an application for confidential treatment. The confidential portions of this Exhibit have been omitted and are marked by an asterisk. |
* | Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
** | The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 accompany this Form 10-Q, are not deemed filed with the SEC, and are not to be incorporated by reference into an filing of Power Integrations, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing. |
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